1. Culture and Society

2. Bell Ringer  Get out we worked on Tuesday and get it finished. You will have the first 15 minutes of class to complete, then turn it in to the basket  Starts on Page 146

3. Family  Paterfamilias – man controls all of his household  Upper-class children very often educated by Greek slaves  Women married at very young age, some as young as 14 years old  Upper-class women had right to inherit, own, and sell property  Women excluded from politics

4. A Roman Couple

5. Art and Architecture  Influenced by Greek art  Replicas of Greek statues  Use of curved lines: arch, vault, and dome  Concrete  Aqueducts to supply freshwater  Rome city of 1 million people  50,000 miles of roads

6. Pantheon Inside

7. Pantheon Outside

8. Aqueduct in Segovia

10. Slavery  Conquests bring lots of slaves  Economy based on slaves  Used as workers in mines, to build roads, in households, also as musicians, tutors, or doctors  Revolts (Spartacus)

11. Daily Life Most people lived in small, overcrowded apartments Rich lived in big villas Horse and chariot races, gladiator fights, theaters, public baths Free grain for the poor (about 200,000)

12. Colosseum

13. Theater

14. Christianity  Spread by the Apostles in the Greek speaking part of the Roman empire  In most major cities Christian communities, spread by soldiers  Roman emperors persecute Christians  Emperor Constantine first Christian emperor (313 AD)  Emperor Theodosius makes Christianity the official religion

15. Julius Caesar & 1 st Triumvirate  Caesar, Crassus and Pompey join forces in 60 BC  They got Caesar elected as Consul and the three ruled Rome with bribery, trickery and force for the next 10 yrs.  In 50 BC the Senate with Pompey’s urging ordered Caesar to disband his legions and return to Rome ;Caesar defied the order and returned with his legions to take on Pompey. (Pompey fled).  In 44 BCE, Caesar is named Solo ruler of Rome (Dictator for life).  He will establish sweeping reforms in Rome

16. Caesar Reforms Rome  Granted citizenship to people from Roman provinces.  Expanded the senate (put many of his friends and supporters in the senate to weaken its power and keep an eye on things).  Created jobs for the poor (public buildings projects)  Gave land grants and started colonies  Increased the pay of his soldiers.  He is assassinated by a group of senators on March 15, 44BC.

17. 2 nd Triumvirate  Octavian, Lepidus and Mark Antony formed the 2nd Triumvirate  Joined together in 43 BC. Purpose: to avenge Caesar’s death.  They killed everyone involved with the assassination or anyone that was suspected of being involved.  They began to struggle for power.  Octavian & Mark Antony eventually faced off to see who would rule Rome (Octavian Wins).  Octavian becomes Augustus (the Solo Ruler of Rome) Emperor Augustus.