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Published byMartin Mills Modified over 8 years ago
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FUNCTIONAL AREAS
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ORGANISATION FUNCTIONS There are usually many different functional areas that make up an organisation. These functions are also known as departments. The number of functions an organisation will have usually depends directly on the size of the organisation to make the workload more manageable and have certain responsibilities outlined.
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ACCOUNTS / FINANCE Invoicing customers Payments made by customers Receiving invoices from suppliers Payments made to suppliers End of year accounts Budgets for each function Financial forecasts Arranging loans/overdrafts General ledger Sales ledger Purchase ledger Profit and Loss account Balance sheet
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FINANCE DATA Finance information needs Sales and purchase information Payroll Payments in and out Receipts or invoice production
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MARKETING Price setting Product – trials, packaging, feedback Place – where/how to sell it, positioning of product Promotion – advertising Conduct market research Look at competitors
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MARKETING DATA Marketing information needs Market trends Competitor information Analysing marketing campaigns Special offers New products
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SALES Persuading customers to buy product / service Telephone sales Sales representatives Catalogues Web ordering service Sending mail shots Dealing with customer accounts.
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SALES DATA Sales information needs Customer information ie name, address, credit limit Order details
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PERSONNEL / HUMAN RESOURCES Payment of wages Pensions National Insurance Tax Recruitment of staff – job adverts, interviewing, selection Industrial relations Staff training
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RESEARCH/DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT Product design Research into market requirements Looking at new technology/products Planning for the future Research & design information needs Product design Marketing predictions Available products Design specification
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OPERATIONS Producing the goods / services Manufacturing Needs data Material costs – sources Premises Equipment Supply and demand
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PURCHASING Buying raw materials and components Just-in-time method Highest possible quality at cheapest possible price Purchasing consumables Ordering goods/services Receiving goods/services Stock control Purchasing information needs ◦ Purchase orders ◦ Check delivery notes and goods
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DISTRIBUTION Picking products from the warehouse Producing despatch notes Packaging goods Sending goods to customer Dealing with returned goods
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ICT SERVICES Installing computer systems Maintaining computer systems Developing computer systems Help desk Web sites IT training
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ADMINISTRATION Administration for all other departments Word-processing Producing documents Producing reports Filing Dealing with mail Reception Photocopying
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QUALITY CONTROL Checking the quality of goods produced Reviewing company quality policies Customer Services
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OVERVIEW Functional areas are departments How many depends on how large the organisation is They have a specific role They need to process information They depend on sharing data and information from other areas Avoid duplication Support the organisation Communication is key to success
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