1. GROUP 14: THE CARBON FAMILY BY: ADRIANA MALAVISI, CATHERINE SCHERTZING, AND MONTGOMERY SMITH

2. LOCATION AND CONFIGURATION The carbon family is located in column 14 and consist of rows 2-6. All elements in the carbon family have electron configurations that end in the p block.

3. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Atomic radius increases as you travel down the column that makes up the group 14 family. Sn and Pb are malleable and are good conductors C, Si and Ge have high melting points and are brittle Values of colors vary from element to element; However all elements share a silver/gray appearance as well as a shiny/metallic quantity. C color changes depending on form Si is dark gray Ge is a white gray Sn had two forms, one is white tin one is gray tin Pb is dull gray

4. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Group 14 has nonmetals, metals and metalloids Group 14 has the most significant change from nonmetals to metals CHEMICAL REACTIONS The elements in group 14 all have generally low electronegativities Carbon has the highest heat of fusion at 105 kJ/mol and one of the highest heats of vaporization at 715 kJ/mol Silicon also has one of the highest heats of fusion at 50.2 kJ/mol MOLECULAR STRUCTURE Atomic radius increases as you travel down the column that makes up the carbon family. Ionization Energies decrease as you travel down the group

5. DEFINING PROPERTIES All the elements in group 14 have four valence electrons The elements have the ability to form four bonds with other atoms Oxidation states for all the elements are: +4, -4, +2 Make up many parts of the natural world, including the earths crust and many of the naturally abundant minerals. The elements at the top of the column can form chains

6. COLLABARATIVE NON-METAL AND METAL PROPERTIES C, Si and Ge have high melting points and are brittle These characteristics are consistent of that with other non-metals Sn and Pb are malleable and are good conductors These characteristics are consistent with those of metals and metalloids

7. BIBLIOGRAPHY Brown, Theodore L. Chemistry, the Central Science, AP Edition. 10th ed. Boston, M.A.: Pearson Education/Prentice Hall, 2012. Print. "Carbon Family." Carbon Family. Science Clarified, 3 Nov. 2007. Web. 27 Oct. 2015. http://www.scienceclarified.com/Ca-Ch/Carbon-Family.htmlhttp://www.scienceclarified.com/Ca-Ch/Carbon-Family.html "Groups :." The Periodic Table Groups. Annenberg Learner, Mar. 2014. Web. 27 Oct. 2015. http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups8.htmlhttp://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups8.html