1. Chapter 7.2 Feudalism and the Manor Economy
Medieval society was a network of mutual obligations
Even Kings and nobles took vows of loyalty and service to others
This was part of a new political and economic system during the Middle Ages

2. Feudalism and the Manor Economy
In the face of many invaders, this was a chaotic society b/c no rulers could control large areas
Much warfare and violence.

4. Focus Q
What have you heard students say to respectfully correct each other?
When would this be appropriate?
Why don’t students do this very often?

5. Reading Passage Summary
Page 219, “Feudalism Develops”
Just the one paragraph!
We will start simple.

6. What we’ll learn
Why?
Feudalism: loose org. designed for protection b/c kings were too weak
All were impacted by Feudalism during the Middle (Medieval) Ages
Lords, vassals, knights, peasants, serfs
Mutual obligations were the basis of Feudalism
What would you do for someone who gave you land, protected you, or worked for you?

7. How could peasant, the
lowest of society, be
the strong man of
Medieval society?

8. Focus Q1
Make a chart showing the responsibilities of Lords and Vassals according to 7.2 worksheet.

9. Focus Q: Wed., October 2
Who is the warrior class in our society? Are they respected? How do they get their training?
Where are today’s castles? Who lives there? What do they do for a living?

10. **Feudalism** Develops
In the face of invasions, Kings and Emperors needed a *plan for protection*, a political and economic structure
Powerful local lords divided their land with lesser lords (vassals)
Vassals pledged loyalty and military service to the greater lord

11. Mutual Obligations
Pol/econ relationship btwn lords and vassals was based on exchange of land for military service and loyalty
This was very important b/c warfare was a way of life

12. Lords Fiefs included serfs, towns, buildings
1. grants vassal a *FIEF (estate, land)*
Fiefs included serfs, towns, buildings
2. Lord promises to protect his vassal

13. A Fief

14. *Vassals* pledges to his lord
**loyalty
40 days of military service**
$ and advice
This was a warrior society.

15. A Structured Society
Monarchs….powerful lords (dukes, counts) ……….. Vassals had…. vassals….. hmmm….
So sometimes a man was a lord and a vassal
Vassals often had fiefs (estates) from more than 1 lord
It got complex…..but you usually had a liege lord to whom you owed your 1st loyalty

16. Medieval Castles video
United Streaming
“World History: The Medieval Era”
Segments 1-4 look good
#1 Life in a Castle
relationships

17. Feudalism
A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.

19. Feudalism (political system)
The kings had lots of land; he gave land to lords in exchange for protection and $.
Lords gave their land to knights in exchange for protection, $.
Knights let serfs work the land and he would protect them.
Serfs got food and shelter.
Thus, each person had rights and responsibilities

20. Knights and Warfare
If you were going to be a Knight, at age 7 sent away to your father’s lord for training
Ride, fight, keep armor and weapons in shape
Strict discipline
Usually fought on horseback w/swords, lances, axes, armor, shields

21. What is
happening?

23. Knights on Horseback
A lance

25. Morning Star

29. Castles and Defense Powerful lords fortified their homes more and more
Were homes and fortresses
Castles often had a strategic position at harbors, river crossings, mountain passes

30. Castles and Defense
By 1100, the richest had stone castles w/high walls, towers, drawbridges and moat
Knights who protected it lived there
Peasants moved in in times of war

31. Parts of a Medieval Castle

32. Castles!

33. English Castle

34. Slovakia

35. French Castle

36. Feudal Warfare!!!!
Catapult or
Trebuchet
Lances
Siege Tower

37. Battering
Rams

38. Trebuchets were used to hurl all sorts of objects at the enemy.
**Catapults could
hurl 600
pound objects
over
1000 feet**

39. Noblewomen: Restrictions and Power
When husband/father off fighting, she took over
Supervised vassals, managed household, did agricultural and medical tasks, might even go to war
Rights of inheritance limited, land usually went to oldest son
Widows kept their land

40. Noblewomen: Restrictions and Power
Sent to friend/relatives for training
Spin and weave, supervise servants, some learned to read and write
Have lots of babies, support husband

41. Chivalry: A Code of Honor and Behavior

42. *Chivalry*: Romance and Reality
**Code of conduct for Knights**
In theory…..Fight fair, brave, loyal, true to your word, protect the weak (peasants, women), put women on a pedestal
Applied to other knights, not commoners
Few knights lived up to these ideals
**troubadours: wandering musicians who sang about Knights great deeds**

43. Ch 7.2

44. Manors support Feudalism
Manors: heart of feudal economy
Was the lord’s estate
Peasants were a majority of pop., lived and worked on manor
Most peasants were SERFS
**serfs: stayed on land for life, sold with the land**, not free, couldn’t leave w/o permission, --The lowest of the low

45. Life on the Medieval Manor
Serfs at work

46. Lords & Peasants: Mutual Obligations
**Peasants—econ. backbone of society**
Work several day/wk. on the lord’s land
Repaired his roads, bridges, fences
Had to ask permission to marry
Paid a fee to inherit their father’s land
Paid fee to use grist (grain) mill
No $, paid in honey, cheese, eggs, grain, etc.--bartering

47. Lords & Peasants: Mutual Obligations
Peasants farmed some land for themselves
Entitled to lord’s protection
Couldn’t leave, couldn’t be forced off manor
In theory, guaranteed food, housing, land

48. Self-Sufficient World
Manor was self-sufficient
Peasants produce most things they need
Food, clothing, simple furniture and tools
Cottages and huts, water mill, church, lord’s manor house, fields, pastures (animals), meadows (hay)
Forest reserved for the lord

49. The Medieval Manor
Fallow
field

50. Peasant Life…in a word….HARSH
Work long hrs.—sunup to sundown
Hunger was common, esp. late winter—waiting for next crop
**Disease killed many—few lived beyond 35**
Ate black bread and veggies: cabbage, onions, turnips—little meat

51. Peasant Life…in a word….HARSH
Poachers got severe punishment
Family and animals lived in same hut..aaah
Celebrated marriages, births
Got 1 week off at Easter, Christmas

52. Summarize On focus Q page 3 things you learned I wonder……
Reminds me of……