1. Bellringer Please read setting the scene page 197. As Europe rebounded from economic despair, the middle ages became known as the High Middle Ages. List the differences between Count William’s castle and the initial castles that used the simple feudal system. Using today's standards: Where would you find in Count Flander’s castle and the castle’s of the early middle ages?

2. The Rise of Europe The Early Middle Ages give rise to Economic Expansion and Change Chapter 8 section 4

3. Objectives How did new technology spark the agricultural revolution? How did the revival of trade revolutionize commerce? How were guilds linked to the rise of towns and cities?

4. The Agricultural Revolution New Technologies –Iron PlowIron Plow –Horse HarnessHorse Harness –The WindmillThe Windmill Expanding Production (where did they get the new land?) –Three field systemThree field system How could this be better than a 2-Field rotation? How did these advances change the population of Europe from 1000-1300ce?

5. Trade Revives Well it seems as if everyone needed something –Peasants needed iron –Wealthy needed well extravagant things –Invasion had all but stopped – SO LETS TRADE New Trade Routes –Easy enough – merchants traveled along trade routes to exchange goods China, Byzantine, Asia, Venice, over the Alps, Northern Europe. Trade routes expanded to waterways off of the normal path

6. Trade Revives Trade Fairs –Pretty obvious – think swap meet –People from neighboring villages would gather to buy and sell goods. (navigable rivers or busy trade routes) –Peasants v. Wealthy – (farm supplies v. swords/furs) New towns –Slowly the small trade centers developed in to the picture you just saw. –To protect themselves merchants would have the king sign a charter – rights & privileges, fees

7. A Commercial Revolution Money shows its face again – capital New business practices –Partnerships – merchants joining together (pooling resources for larger ventures) –Made capital more easily available and reduced risk –Insurance – underwriter would insure shipments –Middle Eastern merchants brought the bill of exchange Merchant deposited money in bank, bank gave him bill of exchange, merchant cashed at distant places

8. A Commercial Revolution Social Changes New classes appeared – middle class (merchants, artisans, & traders) (tenant farmers = peasants) –- Nobles & clergy despised middles class –- Nobles felts towns were beyond their control –- Clergy felt that profits made from usury (interest) was immoral –- Church forbid the lending of money for interest –- Jews became moneylenders (they were forbade from anything else) –- Not paying back loans led to resentment and anti- semitism

9. Role of the Guilds An association of like minded individuals who share a common skill –Passed laws, levied taxes, and developed cities –Protected their own interests – (others didn’t like) Caused riots –Protected the family of a member Joining –7-8 years old = apprentice, no pay except room & board –14-15 = journeyman, paid salary, did the masters job for them –Guild Master – probably not, unless you were relation to the old master –Women – usually crafts, but if their father or husband was a master they might be able to ascend to master.

10. Town & City Life - Narrow streets lined with tall housingNarrow streets - Daytime – Filled w/ echoes of merchants selling - Nighttime – streets were deserted - No waste or sewer system – people just threw waste in the streetssewer system - Some laws were passed, but most cities remained filthy, noisy, & crowded

11. Your Task Depict the Economic Expansion and Change in a fictional story. This is your 2 nd Quarter Essay Narratives are easier, but I do expect you to use information directly from your book (in-text citations). You are to tell the story of a person who lives through these times and all the things they could possibly go through. LOOK at the section heading. Due 11/5 Please do not forget your WIKI

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15. Enhanced 3-Field System. Farmers found it to be more productive. See insets for the middle age crop rotation F1 is grain F2 is legumes F3 was empty BACK

17. - Populations 10,000 - 100,000 (not since Roman times) Flanders & Venice were the richest ends of northern & southern trade routes

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19. Paris Sewer System, after they put it underground BACK