1. Enviroment & Services 2 Tutorial 01 Climate Study: South Africa Bianco Chetty CHTBIA001 Types of South african Climates 1.Cold Interior - Johannesburg, Bloemfontein 2.Temperate interior - Pretoria, Polokwane 3.Hot Interior - Makhado, Nelspruit 4.Temperate Coastal - Cape Town, Port Elizabeth 5.Sub.Tropical Coastal - East London, Durbans 6.Arid Interior - Upington, Kimberley

2. Bianco Chetty CHTBIA001

3. Bianco Chetty CHTBIA001

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7. Vegetation And Climate Here we can see how the vegetation has adapted to the different climatic conditions of southern africa. We see how the cold interior gives way to grass land whereas the arid interior is dry savanah. The temporate coastal zone however has perfect climatic conditions for Fynbos to thrive. Therefore we see how the various types of vegetation has indeed adapted to their various climatic zones. Bianco Chetty CHTBIA001

8. South African Adaptation There has been traditional vernacular architectural solutions to local climate in a sense with the various tribes of southern Africa creating dwelling from found materials etc as well as there design helping to come with the climate, we can refer to Rondawels, mud huts etc. I do however believe we do not have contemporary local architectural design which has been adapted to our environment, largely basing contemporary design on the stylistic rather than functional or environmental. Relying on technologies to provide a comfortable interior environment rather than functional passive architectural solutions. Bianco Chetty CHTBIA001

9. Vernacular: Egypt (Savannah, Arid interior climate) Mosque at New Guarna, Hassan Fathy I believe this is a great example of vernacular architecture adapted to local climate, we see this in the following: -Mud brick is used, cheap and easily attainable, non-skilled labour force can be used. Thick mud wall also very good for thermal massing. -High dome ceilings with vents to let hot air rise and exit as well as let light in. - Fathy also known to have invented the “malqaf” or wind scoop, this innovative design would usually face the prevailing winds, catch the air and scoop it down into the dwelling for cooling and ventilation. Bianco Chetty CHTBIA001

10. Modern : Australia,Outback (Arid Interior or Hot interior) Alderton House, Glan Murcutt -house built off ground, on stilts, to allow air to pass under structure to allow cooling. -large openings punctured in membrane of structure to allow ventilation as well as cold hair in and hot air out, the stack effect. -Solar power used for geyser, minimizing eco footprint. -House being raised off ground also protects inerior space from seasonal floods as well as insects etc. -Orietations of the building allows for dry summer winds to pass under the building as well as wet winter winds from either sides of the structure. Bianco Chetty CHTBIA001

11. References: http://www.southafricaholiday.org.uk/nature/bi_fynbos.ht m http://www.southafricaholiday.org.uk/nature/bi_fynbos.ht m Accessed 19/02/2014 http://www.climatemps.com Accessed 19/02/2014 https://weatherspark.com/averages/29022/South-Africa Accessed 19/02/2014 http://hanjin2011.wordpress.com/2011/11/09/the-house- as-an-environmental-filter/ http://hanjin2011.wordpress.com/2011/11/09/the-house- as-an-environmental-filter/ Accessed 20/02/2014 http://unbuiltform.blogspot.com/2011/05/glenn-murcutt- aboriginal-alcoholic.html http://unbuiltform.blogspot.com/2011/05/glenn-murcutt- aboriginal-alcoholic.html Accessed 20/02/2014 http://whc.unesco.org/en/activities/637/Hassanfathy Accessed 20/02/2014 http://www.greatbuildings.com/architects/Hassan_Fathy.ht ml http://www.greatbuildings.com/architects/Hassan_Fathy.ht ml Accessed 20/02/2014 Bianco Chetty CHTBIA001