1. World War Looms

2. Section 1 Dictators Threaten World Peace Failures of the WWI Peace Settlement Treaty of Versailles Democracies collapse – Examples: Joseph Stalin Transforms the Soviet Union USSR and Vladimir Lenin Joseph Stalin Soviet Union becomes an industrial power Great Purge – 8-13 Million people Term can be extended through Stalin’s entire reign Totalitarianism

3. Dictators Threaten World Peace The Rise of Fascism in Italy Benito Mussolini and Fascism Rise of the Fascist Party Totalitarian state The Nazis Take Over Germany Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party Nazism (similar to Fascism) Racism and National Expansion Rise of the Nazi Party Weimar Republic dismantled, Third Reich established

4. Dictators Threaten World Peace Militarists gain control in Japan The need for more living space Invasion of Manchuria Japan withdraws from the League - No response from the League of Nations (Shows weakness) Aggression in Europe and Africa Germany withdraws from the League, 1933 Germany militarizes (Breaks T.O. V.) Troops invade Rhineland Italy invades Ethiopia - No response from the League

5. Dictators Threaten World Peace Civil War Breaks Out in Spain (1936) General Francisco Franco Attempts to stop the spread of Fascism Hitler and Mussolini back Franco Rome-Berlin Axis (Axis Powers) Franco becomes Spain’s Fascist Dictator (1939)

6. Dictators Threaten World Peace Americans Cling to Isolationism The Nye Committee: War Lords???? Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act (1934) Neutrality Acts Outlawed arms sales and loans to nations at war Extended to nations engaged in civil wars Neutrality Breaks Down Japan’s attack on China in 1937 Roosevelt finds a way around the Neutrality Acts

7. Section 2: War in Europe Austria and Czechoslovakia Fail Union with Austria – Anschluss Bargaining for the Sudetenland Reasons for wanting the Sudetenland Neville Chamberlain’s Role Munich Agreement  Winston Churchill – Criticisms: Appeasement- giving up principles to pacify an aggressor.

8. The German Offensive Begins The push for Poland – Why? The Soviet Union Declares Neutrality Nazi-Soviet Pact Blitzkrieg in Poland September 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg- military strategy German success Soviet Union attacks Poland The Phony War – Maginot Line (France)

9. France and Britain Fight On The Fall of France Surprise attack – Moving through the Ardennes Italy enters the war France surrenders Charles de Gaulle  Government in exile The Battle of Britain Air attack, RAF Radar Hitler calls off invasion

10. Section 3: The Holocaust The Persecution Begins Holocaust Jews Targeted – Blamed Nuremberg Laws Kristallnacht “The Night of Broken Glass” A Flood of Jewish Refugees Finding acceptance United States- Immigration Act of 1924 St. Louis is turned away Should the U.S. take some blame for the Holocaust?

11. Hitler’s “Final Solution” Genocide, “Final Solution” The Condemned Gypsies, Freemasons, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Homosexuals, Mentally ill, disabled, and incurably ill Forced Relocation Concentration Camps (Labor Camps) and eventually Death Camps

12. The Final Stage Mass Exterminations Poison Gas Auschwitz Testing Destroying the evidence Remains uncovered by Allies The Survivors - Legacy of the Holocaust Elie Wiesel, 1986

13. Chapter 16 American Moves Toward the War Section 4

14. The United States Musters Its Forces Moving Cautiously Away From Neutrality The Axis Threat Building U.S. Defenses Peace time draft What does this say about FDR’s eventual plans? Roosevelt Runs for a Third Term What is the 22 nd Amendment?

15. “The Great Arsenal of Democracy” The Lend-Lease Plan Supporting Stalin Why would we support him? Choosing the lesser of two evils in History German Wolf Packs Convoys used again FDR allows attacks

16. FDR Plans for War The Atlantic Charter Collective security to ensure freedom of the seas FDR’s order: Shoot on Sight Bringing us closer to the brink of war

17. Japan Attacks the United States Japan’s Ambitions in the Pacific Hideki Tojo Peace Talks are Questioned The Attack on Pearl Harbor Reaction to Pearl Harbor