1. Chapters 4: Ecosystems and Communities Mr. Freidhoff

2. Ecological Organization How ecologists organize the biotic and abiotic factors of the biosphere.

3. Climate vs. Weather Weather: Day to day conditions at a place and time in regards to heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc. Climate: Refers to average weather conditions over long periods of time.

4. Ecosystem System of living things that interact with each other and the abiotic factors. A Biome is a collection of related ecosystems.

5. Your Body as an Ecosystem Usually there are more than 10 times the number of prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic cells. Your body is an ecosystem for many different species of bacteria.

6. Ecosystem Vase has been closed for 40 years. How does this small ecosystem have enough nutrients to keep the plants alive? – Plants go through photosynthesis and cellular respiration, Gases exchange. – Water is recycled.

7. Community A community is a group of interacting populations that occupy the same area at the same time. Does not include abiotic factors.

8. Population All of the organisms in a species in a particular environment.

9. Organization of Ecology

10. Habitat Specific environments in which organisms live. Abiotic and biotic factors regulate what organisms live in a specific habitat What is your habitat? – Central Pennsylvania – Bellefonte – House – School

11. Population Interactions

12. Predation (+/-) An interaction in which one organism eats another. Predator Prey

14. Symbiotic Relationship Is close and often long-term interaction between two or more different biological species. There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: – Mutualism – Parasitism – Commensalism

15. Mutualism (+/+) Is a relationship between two organisms, where both organisms benefit and neither is harmed.

17. Parasitism (+/-) Is a relationship in which one organism, the parasite, obtains its food at the expense of another organism, the host. Example: tick = parasite, human = host – It benefits by extracting blood from its human host.

19. Commensalism (+/0) Is a relationship in which one organism benefits, while the other organism is neither harmed nor helped significantly. Example: Barnacles receive transportation from the host whale. – The host whale is neither helped nor harmed by the barnacles. Lol Video

21. Niche The role an organism plays within an ecosystem or habitat. – How an organism survives. – How an organism interacts with the biotic and abiotic factors. If a species is taken out, whole ecosystem is affected.

22. Niche Certain species play huge role in ecosystem. – Insects and plants play huge role. – Bees help pollinate a lot of foods.

23. Biosphere Broadest level of classification. Sum of all Earth's ecosystems.

24. Biomes Major types of ecosystems that cover large regions of Earth Characterized by animal life, plant life, climate, abiotic and biotic factors 8 different terrestrial biomes

25. 8 Terrestrial Biomes Tropical Rainforest Savanna Desert Chaparral Temperate Grassland Temperate Deciduous Forest Coniferous Forest Tundra

26. Biomes