1. Ancient Mayans

3. El Castillo

4. Introducti on The Maya developed an advanced civilization around 2600 B.C.in the Yucatan area in Mexico and Central America Accomplished mathematicians, astronomers, and invented an advanced form of writing. The Maya were never united under one ruler to form an empire, each city had its own government and ruler.

5. Mayan Cities Center for rituals and religion Pyramids such as “El Castillo” served as ceremonial sites for priests. Pyramids such as “El Castillo” served as ceremonial sites for priests.

6. Cities

7. Astronom y Masters of the Night Sky- known for their observatories Accurately charted the planets by using a forked stick Created an accurate yearly calendar Predicted eclipses of the sun

8. Maya developed an advanced civilization around 2600 B.C. Accomplished mathematicians astronomers, and invented an advanced form of writing never united under one ruler to form an empire Cities were the Center for rituals and religion Created an accurate yearly calendar Introduction

9. Mayan Religious Beliefs Polytheism = Belief in many gods Believed that gods controlled everything Priests had great influence. Mayans thought priests could talk to the gods Gods symbolized as animals: Rain god = snake, Sun god = Jaguar, Death god= bat Food and animal sacrifices common; humans (such as defeated tribes) sometimes

10. Religion and Education Human Sacrifice and Bloodletting Ritual

11. Religion: Importance of Agriculture Agriculture was a very important part of society Popol Vuh, was the Mayan creation myth that taught that the gods had created human beings out of maize and water The gods maintained the agricultural cycle in exchange for sacrifices

12. Religion: Bloodletting Rituals Mayans believed the shedding of human blood would prompt the gods to send rain to water the maize Bloodletting involved both war captives and Mayan royals Mayan queen holds a bowl filled with strips of paper used to collect blood.

13. Religion: Bloodletting A popular bloodletting ritual was for a Mayan to pierce his own tongue and thread a thin rope through the hole, thus letting the blood run down the rope

14. Religion: The Ball Game Mayans inherited a ball game from the Olmecs that was an important part of Mayan political and religious festivals High-ranking captives were forced to play the ball game for their very lives The losers became sacrificial victims and faced torture and execution immediately following the match Object of the game was to propel an 8 inch ball of solid baked rubber through a ring or onto a marker without using your hands

15. Mayan Ball Court

16. Polytheism = Belief in many gods Religion Believed that gods controlled everything Priests had great influence. Mayans thought priests could talk to the gods Gods symbolized as animals: Rain god = snake, Sun god = Jaguar, Death god= bat Food and animal sacrifices common; humans (such as defeated tribes) sometimes Agriculture was a very important part of society Popol Vuh, was the Mayan creation myth that taught that the gods had created human beings out of maize and water

17. Mayan numbers The Mayans had a number system consisting of shells, dots, and lines. The Maya were one of the only ancient civilizations that understood the concept of zero.

18. Glyphs Mayans created the most advanced pre- colonial writing in the Western Hemisphere Over 800 different images were used to record their history king sky housechild

19. Achievements The Mayans had a number system consisting of shells, dots, and lines. The Maya were one of the only ancient civilizations that understood the concept of zero Number System Glyphs Mayans created the most advanced pre- colonial writing in the Western Hemisphere Over 800 different images were used to record their history

20. Mayas Today Mayas live in Mexico and Central America Speak Maya languages Observe some religious customs of their ancestors combined with Christianity

21. References The Ancient Maya http://www.digitalmeesh.com/maya/history.htm Civilization.ca-Mystery of the Maya http://www.civilization.ca/civil/maya/mmc01eng.html http://www.civilization.ca/civil/maya/mmc01eng.html Ancient Mayan Civilization http://www.kidskonnect.com/AncientMayan/AncientMayanHome.html http://www.kidskonnect.com/AncientMayan/AncientMayanHome.html Traditions of the Sun http://www.traditionsofthesun.org/ViewerYucatan/http://www.traditionsofthesun.org/ViewerYucatan/ Pyramid of El Castillo http://www.internet- atwork.com/hos_mcgrane/chichen/chichen_castle.html#http://www.internet- atwork.com/hos_mcgrane/chichen/chichen_castle.html#