1. REMINDER Check in on the COLLABORATE mobile app Best Practices for Oracle on VMware - Deep Dive Darryl Smith Chief Database Architect Distinguished Engineer EMC IT Configuring vSphere for Maximizing Efficiency AND Performance Session ID#: 270 @DarrylBSmith1

2. Oracle on Virtual Infrastructure Benefits ■License and Support Considerations ▪Segment Oracle VMs ▪Maximize CPU Utilization ▪Licensable Cores ■Administration ▪Fewer Manual Steps ▪Enforced Standardization Improved CAPEX/OPEX

3. Oracle on Virtual Infrastructure Benefits ■Built-in High Availability ■Improved Efficiency/Utilization ■Distributed Resource Scheduler ■Site Recovery Manager (VMware only) ■Rapid Provisioning Oracle Single Instance

4. Oracle on Virtual Infrastructure Benefits ■Removed Requirement of N+1 ■Oracle RAC to Single Instance Use Case ▪Reduced License Costs ▪Simplified Database and OS Management Oracle RAC Availability %Downtime per yearDowntime per month*Downtime per week 99.9%("three nines") 8.76 hours43.2 minutes10.1 minutes 99.99%("four nines")52.56 minutes4.32 minutes1.01 minutes 99.999% ("five nines") 5.26 minutes25.9 seconds6.05 seconds

5. Best Practices – Memory ■What is NUMA? ■Typical NUMA Memory Access Speeds ▪numactl --hardware available: 4 nodes (0-3) node distances: 0: 10 21 21 21 1: 21 10 21 21 2: 21 21 10 21 3: 21 21 21 10 ■Benefits ▪Local access = 25% faster buffer cache reads Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) and the Oracle Database Memory

6. Best Practices – Memory ■Recommendations ▪Disable NUMA in the Database Enabled by default until 11g –LINUX required OS library linking _enable_NUMA_optimization=FALSE _db_block_numa=1 ▪For a Virtual Machine - Set vSockets=1 Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) and the Oracle Database

7. Best Practices – Memory ■Extreme Performance ▪Utilize Hyperthreads – With Caution! ▪Set preferHT=TRUE — Advanced Setting section of Options tab Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) and the Oracle Database

8. Best Practices – Memory ■vSphere Memory ▪Large Pages and Impact of Transparent Page Sharing ▪Reserved Memory — Faster Access — Non-Sharable ▪Recommendation — Production should be at least: Size of the SGA + 2 times Aggregate PGA Target + 500MB for the OS ■Benefits ▪10x faster memory allocations Reservations

9. Best Practices – Network ■vSphere Network Efficiency ▪Optimized for Least Overhead ▪Increase Interrupt Rate – 30K ESXi Setting ▪Impact vs. Benefits ▪See Whitepaper for Setting ■Dynamic Coalescing (RAC) ▪Impact to Interconnect ▪Set EthernetX.coalesceScheme = ‘disabled’ in the Advanced Configuration Properties ■Benefits ▪5% faster network communication ▪100% reduction of RAC interconnect Latency

10. Best Practices – vCPU ■Oracle Database and CPU ▪Threads vs CPU ▪Recommendation select count(1) from v$session where status='ACTIVE' and type != 'BACKGROUND‘ and wait_class != 'Idle' ■Benefits ▪Efficient use of resources Efficiency =

11. Best Practices – Storage ■Storage arrays perform best with sequential workloads. ■Many arrays support thin provisioning. ▪So does vSphere ;( — Thin – Storage is only allocated when it is used. — Zero Thick – Storage is only allocated when it is used, but reserved on the datastore. — Eager Zero Thick – Storage is fully allocated when virtual lun is created. — Raw Device Mapping (RDM) ■vSphere <= 5.5 have a limitation of 256 luns per server. SAN Facts

12. Best Practices – Storage ■Virtual Machine Disk ▪File on a Datastore ▪Presented as a Lun/Drive to Virtual Machine ■Thin Provisioning – Allocated when Used ■Fragmentation Occurs Slowly Datastore Fragmentation

13. Best Practices – Storage 1.Zero Thick on a dedicated datastore. ▪Thin Provisioned at Expense of Device Count 2.Eager Zero Thick on shared datastore. ▪Helps Device Count at Expense of Storage 3.Raw Device Mapping ▪Same effect as #1 ▪Allows for native storage array replication ▪No Site Recovery Manager 4.Thin – should never be used Options

14. Best Practices – Storage ■Redo Log Devices ▪Provision Eager Zero Thick — Very little extra storage — Redo logs require good performance ▪Minimum of 2 Devices — Allows for more IO buffers on the OS and storage array. Recommendations

15. Best Practices – Storage ■Datafile Devices ▪Provision Eager Zero Thick — Allows better consolidation OR ▪Eager Thick on a Dedicated Datastore — Dedicated devices are more storage friendly — Uses significantly more devices in the ESX cluster (limits cluster size) — Replicated devices for DR require some level of dedicated datastores Recommendations

16. Best Practices – Storage ■Archive Log Devices ▪Provision Eager Thick — Archive logs created in large chunk, generate their own full provisioning. — Archive logs created and backed up in parallel. Recommendations

17. Best Practices – Storage ■Benefits ▪Massively faster IO operations ■Can be converted later, but is painful Changing the thick or thin provisioning of a virtual disk (2014832) Recommendations

18. Best Practices – Summary Performance Channel Express Transactions (sec) Direct Express Transactions (sec) Oracle 11i eBusiness Suite

19. Best Practices – Summary ■4 Factors of Good Infrastructure Performance 1.Storage IO 2.CPU 3.Memory 4.Network ■Virtualization Benefits > Overhead ■Achieve Proper Balance in Efficiency vs. Performance Performance

20. Virtualizing Oracle Databases ▪Whitepapers: — EMC IT's Virtual Oracle Deployment Framework – Virtualizing Oracle Databases EMC IT's Virtual Oracle Deployment Framework ▪Blogs — Running Oracle on Virtual Infrastructure Really Pays Off: Save Big on Capital, Operating and License Costs Running Oracle on Virtual Infrastructure Really Pays Off: Save Big on Capital, Operating and License Costs — Best Practices for Virtualizing Your Oracle Database Best Practices for Virtualizing Your Oracle Database — Best Practices For Virtualizing Your Oracle Database With VMware Best Practices For Virtualizing Your Oracle Database With VMware — Best Practices for Virtualizing Your Oracle Database – Datastores Best Practices for Virtualizing Your Oracle Database – Datastores ▪Webinar/Video — Virtual Webinar- EMC IT: Virtualizing Oracle Databases Virtual Webinar- EMC IT: Virtualizing Oracle Databases — Virtualizing Your Oracle Database: A Video Blog Virtualizing Your Oracle Database: A Video Blog Resources 20

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