0. Components of VMware vSphere
Welcome to the “Components of VMware vSphere” module.
This module introduces you to the components of vSphere that leverage the power of virtualization to transform datacenters into simplified cloud computing infrastructures, and enables IT organizations to deliver flexible and reliable IT services.
An introduction to the components of VMware vSphere helps you to understand the parts and how they
interact.
Welcome to the “Components of VMware vSphere” module.
This module introduces you to the components of vSphere that leverage the power of virtualization to transform datacenters into simplified cloud computing infrastructures, and enables IT organizations to deliver flexible and reliable IT services.
An introduction to the components of VMware vSphere helps you to understand the parts and how they interact.

1. Module Objectives At the end of the module, you will be able to:
Describe how the components of vSphere 6.0 support Data Center Virtualization.
Explain the physical and virtual topologies of a vSphere 6.0 data center.
Describe the various Data Center Virtualization products.
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
Describe how the components of vSphere 6.0 support Data Center Virtualization.
Explain the physical and virtual topologies of a vSphere 6.0 data center.
Describe the various Data Center Virtualization products.

2. Infrastructure Services
vSphere 6.0: Overview
vCenter Server
Infrastructure Services
vSphere 6.0 Architecture
Application Services
vSphere 6.0 leverages the power of virtualization to transform data centers into simplified cloud computing infrastructure and enables IT organizations to deliver flexible and reliable IT services. It manages large collections of infrastructure such as compute, storage, and networking as a seamless and dynamic operating environment.
vSphere consists of the following component layers:
vCenter Server: vCenter Server provides a single point of control for the vSphere data center. It provides essential data center services such as access control, performance monitoring, and configuration.
Infrastructure Services: Infrastructure Services are the set of services provided to abstract, aggregate, and allocate hardware or infrastructure resources. Infrastructure Services can be categorized into compute, storage, and network.
Application Services: Application Services are the set of services provided to ensure availability, security, and scalability of applications. Examples of application services include High Availability and vMotion.
Clients: The vSphere Client and vSphere Web Client are the interfaces that allow users to communicate with the vSphere data center.
Before discussing the component layers in detail, let’s understand how these component layers make up the architecture of vSphere 6.0.
Clients

3. vSphere 6.0 Architecture
64 Hosts
8000 VMs
vSphere 6.0 is capable of virtualizing even the most demanding applications
128 vCPUs
vSphere 6.0 represents the core of the software-defined data center by virtualizing the entire IT infrastructure—servers, storage, and networks with software. It groups these heterogeneous resources and transforms the rigid, inflexible infrastructure into a simple and unified manageable set of elements in the virtualized environment.
Infrastructure Services such as compute, storage, and network services abstract, aggregate, and allocate hardware or infrastructure resources. vSphere makes infrastructure resilient with features like vSphere High Availability , Fault Tolerance, vMotion, Storage vMotion and DRS.
The Management layer of vSphere 6.0 consists of the vCenter Server and vRealize Operations, that centrally help with configuring, provisioning, and managing virtualized IT environments.
The Interface layer of vSphere 6.0 is comprised of clients that allow a user to access the vSphere Data Center, for example, vSphere Web Client.
vSphere 6.0 clusters can now scale to support more than 64 hosts with 8000 virtual machines. Each virtual machine can have up to 128 vCPUs and 4TB of RAM, and due to this vSphere 6.0 is capable of virtualizing even the most demanding applications.
4TB RAM

4. Topology of vSphere 6.0 Data Center
Compute
Storage
Networking
Using vSphere 6.0, administrators can simplify management of their infrastructure by creating a virtual data center that has a highly available, resilient, on-demand infrastructure that is the ideal foundation for any cloud environment. It includes components to perform the following functions:
Compute
Storage
Networking
Availability
Management
Click each function to learn more.
Compute: In vSphere 6.0, clusters can scale up to as many as 64 hosts and support 8,000 virtual machines in a single cluster. There is also expanded support for the latest x86 chip sets, devices, drivers, and guest operating systems. The technology lays the foundation to rapidly clone and deploy virtual machines 10 times faster than what is currently possible.
Storage: Fibre Channel Storage Area Network (FC SAN) arrays, Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI), and Network Attached Storage (NAS) arrays are widely used storage technologies supported by vSphere 6.0 to meet different data center storage needs. Storage Policy-Based Management (SPBM) allows common management across storage tiers and dynamic storage classes of service automation. Together they enable exact combinations of data services (such as clones and snapshots) to be instantiated more efficiently on a per virtual machine basis.
Network: vSphere 6.0 supports Network I/O Control and multicast snooping. vSphere 6.0 also allows a dedicated networking stack and simplifies IP address management with a dedicated default gateway for vMotion traffic.
Availability: Enhanced vMotion capabilities allow non-disruptive live migration of workloads across distributed switches and vCenter Servers and provide a saving of up to 95% in time and resources. There is also expanded support for software-based fault tolerance for workloads with up to four virtual CPUs.
Management: vSphere 6.0 provides several interfaces such as vSphere Content Library and vSphere Web Client for data center management and virtual machine access. Administrators can use vRealize Automation to accelerate the deployment and management of applications and compute services, thereby improving business agility and operational efficiency. For operations management, administrators can use vRealize Operations that delivers intelligent operations management across physical, virtual, and cloud infrastructures.
Availability
Management

5. vSphere 6.0 Configuration Maximums
32 Hosts per Cluster
64 Hosts per Cluster
4000 VMs per Cluster
8000 VMs per Cluster
320 CPUs
480 CPUs
4 TB RAM
12 TB RAM
512 VMs per Host
1000 VMs Per Host
In vSphere 6.0, clusters can scale to as many as 64 hosts and support 8,000 virtual machines in a single cluster. This enables greater consolidation ratios, more efficient use of VMware vSphere Distributed Resource Scheduler™ (vSphere DRS), and fewer clusters that must be separately managed.
Each vSphere 6.0 instance can support as many as 480 physical CPUs, 12TB of RAM, and 2,048 virtual machines per host. By leveraging the latest hardware advances, ESXi 6.0 enables the virtualization of some of the applications that could not be virtualized earlier.

6. vCenter Server Advanced management suite.
vCenter Server Web interface for managing the VMs.
Can be installed on VMs using the vCenter Server web interface.
ESXi Hypervisor
ESXi Hypervisor
Can be deployed as a virtual appliance
VMware vCenter Server, the hypervisor core management application of vSphere, provides centralized management of the vSphere virtual infrastructure. It allows administrators to ensure security and availability, simplifies day-to-day tasks, and reduces the complexity of managing virtual infrastructure.
vCenter Server manages the essential functions of vSphere from any browser using vSphere Web Client. It provides simplified and integrated management of VMware hosts. It also simplifies management by assembling or automating out-of-the-box workflows in vCenter Orchestrator. vCenter Server can restart failed virtual machines without any manual intervention. It monitors utilization across resource pools and allocates available resources among virtual machines according to pre-defined rules. vCenter Server integrates with ecosystem partners to extend the capabilities of the virtual infrastructure.
The VMware Platform Services Controller (PSC) is a component of vCenter Server. It contains common infrastructure services such as vCenter Single Sign-On, VMware certificate authority, licensing, and server reservation and registration services. This gives customers a single point to manage all their vSphere roles and permissions along with licensing. PSC has two models of deployment, embedded and centralized. In the embedded model, the PSC and vCenter Server are installed on a single virtual machine. In the centralized model, the PSC and vCenter Server are installed on different virtual machines.
Can manage up to 1000 hosts and VMs

7. vCenter Server Features
Platform Services Controller
Certificate Management
vCenter Server
ESXi Hypervisor
ESXi Hypervisor
Alarms and Alerts
Monitoring and Features
vCenter Server has the following features:
Certificate Management
Alarms and Alerts
Monitoring Features
Template Management
Linked Mode Deployment
Click each feature to learn more.
Certificate Management: In vSphere 6.0, solution users-the users created when a solution such as vCenter Server, vCenter Inventory Service, and so on, is registered with vCenter Single Sign-On-are utilized as certificate endpoints. These users are issued certificates instead of individual services. This enables the services associated with a solution user to utilize the same certificate, substantially reducing the number of certificates required to manage in the environment. The VMware Certificate Authority (VMCA) is a root certificate authority (CA) that issues signed certificates to all vSphere 6.0 components via the solution users.
Alarms and Alerts: Alarms are notifications that are activated in response to an event, a set of conditions, or the state of an inventory object. Alarms can change state from mild warnings to more serious alerts as system conditions change, and can trigger automated alarm actions. This functionality is useful when you want to be informed, or take immediate action, when certain events or conditions occur for a specific inventory object, or group of objects.
Monitoring Features: vCenter Server provides several tools to help you monitor your virtual environment and to locate the source of current and potential problems. It provides performance charts, storage reports, and system log files to monitor your environment.
Template Management: The Content Library simplifies virtual machine template management and distribution by centrally managing virtual machine templates, ISO images, and scripts. It also performs the replication of associated data from the published catalog to the subscribed catalog at other sites. As content is updated, old versions are automatically purged and replaced with a new version, offering lifecycle management capabilities for virtual machine templates and related files.
Linked Mode Deployment: vCenter Server Linked Mode enables a common inventory view across multiple instances of the vCenter Server. Linked Mode provides a single pane of glass view across geographically separate vCenter servers. This deployment replicates licenses, permissions, and roles across multiple vCenter servers. Linked mode is automatically enabled for any vCenter Server deployment.
Content Library
Linked Mode Deployment

8. Shared Storage DRS DPM Storage DRS Shared Storage High Availability
Let’s now explore where and how the virtual machines are stored. Let’s begin with shared storage.
Shared storage consists of storage systems that your ESXi host uses to store virtual machine files remotely. The host accesses these systems over a high-speed storage network.
Shared storage helps in operating virtual machines on different hosts. It allows multiple ESXi hosts to access the storage even if one or more hosts become unavailable. Several of the other vSphere features also require shared storage infrastructure to work properly. Some of these include:
DRS
DPM
Storage DRS
High Availability
Fault Tolerance
High Availability
Fault Tolerance

9. Storage Protocols Fibre Channel Storage Types FCoE iSCSI NFS
vSphere supports the following storage protocols:
Fibre channel
Fibre channel over Ethernet
iSCSI
Network File System
Local storage
Virtual Volumes
These storage protocols give you the choice and flexibility to adapt to changing IT environments. Each storage option has its own strengths and weaknesses, and for this reason VMware does not regard one storage type as better than another for virtualization.
Click each storage protocol to know more.
Fibre Channel: Fibre Channel is a high-speed network technology that is primarily used to connect storage components over a Storage Area Network (SAN). Fibre Channel solutions require dedicated network storage devices that are not typically accessed through other LAN devices. Fibre Channel is commonly used for vSphere VMFS datastores and boot LUNs for ESXi. vSphere provides native support for Fibre Channel protocols and Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE). It supports Fibre Channel speeds from 2Gbps to 16Gbps.
Fibre channel over Ethernet: In FCoE, the Fibre Channel traffic is encapsulated into Ethernet frames and the FCoE frames are converged with networking traffic. By enabling the same Ethernet link to carry both Fibre Channel and Ethernet traffic, FCoE increases the use of the Ethernet infrastructure. FCoE also reduces the total number of network ports used in the network environment.
iSCSI: iSCSI uses Ethernet connections between computer systems or host servers, and high-performance storage systems. iSCSI is commonly used for VMFS data stores. It does not require special-purpose cables and can also be run over long distances. You can also do thin provisioning on iSCSI LUNs, whereas this is not possible with NFS.
ESXi provides native support for iSCSI through the following iSCSI initiators:
Independent iSCSI hardware initiators
Dependent iSCSI hardware initiators
iSCSI software initiators
Network File System: Network File System (NFS) is an IP-based file sharing protocol that is used by Network-Attached Storage (NAS) systems to allow multiple remote systems to connect to a shared file system. It uses file-level data access and the target NAS device controls the storage device. NFS is the only vSphere-supported NAS protocol which supports NFS version 3 over TCP/IP along with simultaneous host access NFS volumes. You cannot initialize or format an NAS target from a remote server. The NAS server is responsible for the file system where the data is stored.
Local Storage: Local storage can be internal hard disks located inside your ESXi host, or it can be direct-attached storage. Local storage does not require a storage network to communicate with your host. You need a cable connected to the storage unit and, when required, a compatible HBA in your host.
Virtual Volumes: Virtual Volumes is a new integration and management framework that virtualizes SAN/NAS arrays, enabling a more efficient operational model that is optimized for virtualized environments. Virtual Volumes simplifies storage operations by automating manual tasks. It provides administrators with finer control of storage resources and data services at the VM level, simplifying the delivery of storage service levels to applications.
Local Storage

10. Datastores VMFS NFS Virtual SAN Datastores
In vSphere, virtual machines are stored in containers called datastores. These are logical volumes that allow you to organize the storage of your ESXi hosts and virtual machines. You can browse the datastores to upload and download files within the vSphere Web Client. Datastores can also be used for storing ISO images, virtual machine templates, and floppy images.
Depending on the type of storage, datastores can be of the following types:
VMFS datastores
NFS datastores
Virtual SAN datastores
Click each datastore type to learn more.
VMFS Datastores: The vSphere VMFS format is a special high-performance file system format that is optimized for storing virtual machines. You use the VMFS format to deploy datastores on block storage devices. A VMFS datastore can be extended to span several physical storage extents, including SAN LUNs and local storage. This feature allows you to pool storage and gives you flexibility in creating the datastore necessary for your virtual machines.
NFS Datastores: You can use NFS volumes to store and boot virtual machines in the same way that you use VMFS datastores. The maximum size of NFS datastores depends on the support that an NFS server provides. ESXi does not impose any limits on the NFS datastore size.
Virtual SAN Datastores: Virtual Volumes virtualizes SAN and NAS devices by abstracting physical hardware resources into logical pools of capacity. These pools of capacity are known as Virtual Datastores. The Virtual Datastore defines capacity boundaries, access logic, and exposes a set of data services accessible to the virtual machines provisioned in the pool. Virtual Datastores are purely logical constructs that can be configured on the fly, when needed, without disruption and don’t require formatting with a file system.
Datastores

11. Virtual SAN VM VM VM VM VM VM VM Host 1 Host 2 Host 3
Virtual San Datastore
Virtual SAN is a distributed layer of software that runs natively as a part of the ESXi hypervisor.
You can activate Virtual SAN when you create host clusters. Alternatively, you can also enable Virtual SAN on existing clusters. The hosts in the Virtual SAN cluster need not be identical. Even the hosts within the Virtual SAN cluster that have no local disks can participate and run their virtual machines on the Virtual SAN datastore.
When enabled, Virtual SAN works with the virtual machine storage policies. It monitors and reports on policy compliance during the lifecycle of the virtual machine. If the policy becomes noncompliant because of a host, disk, or network failure, or workload changes, Virtual SAN takes remedial actions.
Virtual SAN can be configured as hybrid or all-flash storage. In a hybrid storage architecture, Virtual SAN pools server-attached Hard Disk Drives (HDDs) and SSDs to create a distributed shared datastore that abstracts the storage hardware to provide a software-defined storage tier for virtual machines. Flash is used as a read cache/write buffer to accelerate performance, and magnetic disks provide data persistence. In all-flash storage architecture, flash devices are intelligently used as a write cache while SSDs provide data persistence and consistent, fast response times.
Note that, Virtual SAN is a separate paid offering and is not included with vSphere.
Disk Group 1
Disk Group 2
Disk Group 3
SSD Disks
Data Disks

12. Virtual Volumes
Virtual Volumes is a new virtual machine disk management and integration framework that enables array-based operations at the virtual disk level. It makes SAN and NAS storage systems capable of being managed at a virtual machine level. With Virtual Volumes, most data operations are offloaded to the storage arrays.
Virtual Volumes eliminate the need to provision and manage large numbers of LUNs or volumes per host. This reduces operational overhead while enabling scalable data services on a per-virtual machine level.
Storage Policy-Based Management (SPBM) is a key technology that works in conjunction with Virtual Volumes. This framework provides dynamic resource allocation and management of storage-related services. Administrators can specify a set of storage requirements and capabilities for any particular virtual machine to match service levels required by hosted applications.

13. Networking Features in vSphere
VLANs
vSphere
Traffic Shaping
Port Mirroring
QoS and DSCP
The networking features of vSphere provide support for monitoring networks, managing network resources, and networking best practices.
Network virtualization abstracts the network into a generalized pool of network capacity. The unified pool of network capacity can then be optimally segmented into logical networks directly attached to specific applications. The virtual machines communicate with each other and with the physical components through the virtual networks.
vSphere uses virtual NICs and virtual switches for virtual networking. Uplink adapters are the physical NICs in each host that connect the physical network to the virtual networks, and the virtual switches regulate the traffic between the virtual machines.
vSphere uses NSX as the network virtualization platform for the Software-Defined Data Center (SDDC). NSX allows you to treat your physical network as a pool of transport capacity, with network and security services attached to virtual machines with a policy-driven approach.
NetFlow
CDP and LLDP

14. Virtual Networking VM0 VM1 VM2 VM3
Service Console
Virtual Ethernet Adapters
ESX Server 3 Virtual Switches
Physical Ethernet Adapters
Virtual machines use the virtual networking to communicate with each other and with the physical world. Virtual networking is similar to physical networking. Each virtual machine on the ESXi host has a network address, with zero or more virtual network cards. The virtual network cards are connected to virtual switches, which allow virtual machines on the same host to communicate with each other using the same protocols that would be used over physical switches. Virtual switches also allow virtual machines to communicate with VMs on other hosts. The ESXi hosts are managed by vCenter Server and leverage the network for features such as vMotion, High Availability, and DRS.
A virtual machine can be configured with zero or more virtual Ethernet adapters, each of which has its own IP address and MAC address. As a result, virtual machines have the same properties as physical machines from a networking standpoint.
vSphere supports a number of networking features, including the following:
Virtual LANs
Traffic Shaping
Port Mirroring
Quality of Service and Differentiated Services Code Point
NetFlow
Cisco Discovery Protocol and Link Layer Discovery Protocol
Click each feature to learn more.
Virtual LANs: Virtual LANs (VLANS) provide logical separation of the network traffic and are used to isolate different sub-networks, such as a test or restore network.
Traffic Shaping: Traffic shaping is a feature that allows you to regulate and/or restrict the inbound and outbound network bandwidth of a group of virtual machines. This feature helps to reduce the congestion in a virtual network.
Port Mirroring: Port Mirroring allows you to monitor a virtual machine's traffic for troubleshooting or intrusion prevention. This feature allows you to capture the total traffic sent to or from a virtual machine for analysis.
QoS and DSCP: Quality of Service (QoS) and Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) are networking standards that allow network switches to prioritize certain network traffic over others. An example of this is prioritizing the voice traffic from a call manager server so that its performance is improved.
NetFlow: NetFlow is a network monitoring tool that determines the top talkers on a network. It also monitors other metadata about the communications that occur on the network.
CDP and LLDP: Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) and Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) are the discovery protocols that are used to identify the neighboring physical network switches. CDP and LLDP can also be used to discover and troubleshoot misconfigurations in a network.

15. Virtual Switches
VM1
VM2
Virtual Switches
Virtual switches are the key networking components in vSphere virtual networking. You can use virtual switches to attach virtual machines to the physical network. You can also use them to create isolated networks to be used during testing and development. Virtual switches help you to reduce network clutter by reducing the number of physical network cables plugged into your ESXi hosts.
Virtual switches maintain a MAC Port forwarding table and perform the following functions:
Look up each frame's destination MAC when it arrives.
Forward a frame to one or more ports for transmission.
Avoid unnecessary deliveries.

16. Virtual Switch Types
vSphere supports two main types of virtual switches:
Standard switch
Distributed switch
Click each type to learn more.
Standard Switch: A standard switch can bridge traffic internally between virtual machines in the same port group and link to external networks. You can use standard switches to combine the bandwidth of multiple network adapters and balance communications traffic among them. You can also configure a standard switch to handle physical NIC failover.
A standard switch models a physical Ethernet switch. The default number of logical ports for a standard switch is 120. You can connect one network adapter of a virtual machine to each port. Each uplink adapter associated with a standard switch uses one port.
Distributed Switch: VMware vSphere Distributed Switch provides a centralized interface from which you can configure, monitor and administer virtual machine access switching for the entire data center. Distributed Switch provides simplified virtual machine network configuration, and enhanced network monitoring and troubleshooting capabilities. The networking configuration and management for all hosts that are associated with the Distributed Switch is centralized on the vCenter Server system.

17. Introduction to NSX
NSX handles data across virtual switches without interacting with the physical switching environment. NSX exists in the ESXi environment and is independent of the underlying network hardware. NSX is an approach to networking that enables data center managers to create an operational model for the underlying physical network. It has the ability to be deployed on any IP network, including existing traditional networking models and next generation fabric architectures from any vendor.
NSX capabilities extend to the following functional services:
Logical Switching
Logical Routing
Logical Firewall
Logical Load Balancer
Logical Virtual Private Network
Click each service to know more.
Logical Switching: The logical switching capability of the NSX platform provides customers the ability to spin up isolated logical Level 2 (L2) networks with the same flexibility and agility as that of virtual machines.
Logical Routing: The distributed routing capability of the NSX platform provides an optimized and scalable way of handling East-West traffic within a data center. The amount of East-West traffic in the data center keeps growing and the new collaborative, distributed, and service-oriented application architecture of the SDDC demands higher bandwidth for server-to-server communication.
Logical Firewall: The NSX platform includes distributed kernel-enabled firewalling with line-rate performance and virtualization. It also includes identity aware with activity monitoring, among other network security features native to network virtualization.
Logical Load Balancer: This service offers distribution of workload across multiple servers, as well as high-availability of applications.
Logical Virtual Private Network: SSL VPN-Plus allows remote users to access private corporate applications. IPSec VPN offers site-to-site connectivity between an NSX Edge instance and remote sites. L2 VPN allows you to extend your data center by allowing virtual machines to retain network connectivity across geographical boundaries.

18. vSphere Resource Management Features
Storage vMotion
Storage DRS
Storage I/O Control
Resource Management
Network I/O Control
vMotion
DRS
Resource management is the allocation of resources from resource providers to resource consumers. Resource management allows you to dynamically reallocate resources, so that you can more efficiently use available capacity. The various features that allow you to perform resource management include:
vMotion
Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)
Distributed Power Management (DPM)
Storage vMotion
Storage DRS
Storage I/O Control
Network I/O Control
Let’s discuss each feature in detail.
DPM

19. vMotion
Migrate a running VM from host to host with no downtime.
Helps balance ESXi hosts in a cluster.
ESXi
Transfers memory between hosts.
Migrates running VMs between hosts.
ESXi
vMotion allows you to migrate a running virtual machine from one ESXi host to another without any downtime. You can also change both the host and the datastore of the virtual machine during vMotion.
When you migrate virtual machines with vMotion and choose to change only the host, the active memory and precise execution state of the virtual machine is rapidly transferred to the new host. vMotion suspends the source virtual machine, copies the bitmap to the new ESX host, and resumes the virtual machine on this new host. The associated virtual disk remains in the same location on storage that is shared between the two hosts. Only the RAM and the system state are copied to the new host.
When you change both the host and the datastore, the active memory and precise execution state of the virtual machine is moved to a new host and the virtual disk is moved to another datastore. vMotion migration to another host and datastore is possible in vSphere environments without shared storage.
The different types of vMotion include:
Cross vSwitch vMotion: Cross vSwitch vMotion allows you to seamlessly migrate a virtual machine across different virtual switches while performing a vMotion.
Cross vCenter vMotion: Cross vCenter vMotion is the ability to migrate a virtual machine from a host server that is managed by one vCenter Server to a host managed by another vCenter Server.
Long Distance vMotion: Long Distance vMotion allows you to migrate virtual machines across a WAN to another site. The latency across sites is 150ms RTT.
Cross vSwitch vMotion
Cross vCenter vMotion
Long Distance vMotion

20. Distributed Resource Scheduler
Monitors the memory and CPU load on the ESXi hosts.
Resource Pool
Continuously monitors utilization across resource pools.
VMware ESXi
VMware ESXi
VMware ESXi
Automatically allocates additional resources.
Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) aggregates computing capacity across a collection of servers into logical resource pools. It intelligently allocates available resources among the virtual machines based on pre-defined rules that reflect business needs and changing priorities.
Each DRS cluster has a root resource pool that groups the resources of that cluster. The resource pools decide how virtual machines share memory resources. A resource pool allows you as the administrator to divide and allocate resources to virtual machines and other resource pools. A resource pool allows you to control the aggregate CPU and memory resources of the DRS cluster. Resource pools also allow you to prioritize resources to the highest value applications in order to align resources with business goals, automatically.
When a virtual machine experiences an increased load, and there is pressure or scarcity of available resources on its current host server, DRS may redistribute some virtual machines across some of the host servers to satisfy the resource need of the consuming virtual machine.
DRS offers several benefits. It helps increase operational efficiency of your data center by automatically optimizing hardware utilization and responds to changing conditions. It also allows you to dedicate resources to business units while still profiting from higher hardware utilization through resource pooling. With DRS, you can conduct zero-downtime server maintenance and lower power consumption costs by up to 20%.
Physical Servers

21. DPM Continuously monitors resource requirements in a DRS cluster.
Resource Pool
Consolidates workloads during low resource requirement.
VMware ESXi
VMware ESXi
VMware ESXi
Brings powered-down apps back online when usage is high.
Distributed Power Management (DPM) is a feature of VMware DRS that continuously monitors resource requirements in a DRS cluster. When resource requirements of the cluster decrease during periods of low usage, VMware DPM consolidates workloads to reduce the power consumed by the cluster. When resource requirements of workloads increase during periods of higher usage, VMware DPM brings powered-down hosts back online to ensure that service levels are met.
DPM compares the available capacity in a DRS cluster against resource requirements of virtual machines plus some administrator defined buffer capacity requirements. If DPM detects there are too many hosts powered on, it will consolidate virtual machines onto fewer hosts and power off the remaining machines. VMware DPM brings powered-off hosts online once again to meet virtual machine requirements either at a pre-defined time or when it senses increasing virtual machine requirements.
Physical Servers

22. Storage vMotion Migrates VMs based on storage capacity.
VMware ESXi
Migrates VMs based on storage capacity.
Relocates disk from storage to storage.
Zero downtime.
Fully integrated with vCenter Server for easy migration and monitoring.
Storage vMotion enables you to migrate a virtual machine and its disk files from one datastore to another while the virtual machine is running. It performs a virtual machine migration with zero downtime, continuous service availability, and complete transaction integrity.
With Storage vMotion, you can either choose to place the virtual machine and all its disks in a single location or select separate locations for the virtual machine configuration file and each virtual disk.
Storage vMotion enables you to perform proactive storage migrations, simplify array migrations, and improve virtual machine storage performance. Storage vMotion is fully integrated with VMware vCenter Server to provide easy migration and monitoring.

23. Storage DRS Monitors storage habits of VMs.
Keeps storage devices more evenly loaded.
VMware ESXi
Resource Pool
Physical Servers
Monitors disk I/O latency on the shared storage devices.
Works in manual or fully automated mode.
Storage DRS provides smart virtual machine placement and load-balancing mechanisms based on I/O and space capacity. It helps decrease operational effort associated with the provisioning of virtual machines and monitoring of the storage environment. Storage DRS allows you to monitor the storage habits of the virtual machines and keep the storage devices more evenly loaded. It is a load balancer just like DRS but focuses on storage devices. It monitors disk I/O latency on the shared storage devices to determine if a particular disk device is overburdened. Storage DRS distributes the load in the storage clusters as required, which ensures a smooth performance. It can be set up to work in either manual or fully automated mode.
Click each mode to learn more.
Manual Mode: In the manual mode, Storage DRS makes balancing recommendations that an administrator may approve.
Automatic Mode: In the automatic mode, Storage DRS makes Storage vMotion decisions to lower I/O latency to keep all virtual machines performing optimally.
Automatic Mode
Manual Mode

24. Storage I/O Control
With Storage I/O Control
Without Storage I/O Control
Data
Mining
Print
Server
Online
Store
Microsoft
Exchange
Data
Mining
Print
Server
Online
Store
Microsoft
Exchange
Provides I/O prioritization for VMs running on a group of vSphere hosts.
Triggers device-latency when hosts communicate with datastore.
Relieves congestion when latency exceeds threshold.
Storage I/O Control (SIOC) provides storage I/O performance isolation for virtual machines, and enables administrators to comfortably run important workloads in a highly consolidated virtualized storage environment. It protects all virtual machines from undue negative performance impact due to misbehaving I/O-heavy virtual machines. Note that, SIOC can have negative performance if it is not set properly.
SIOC protects the service level of critical virtual machines by giving them preferential I/O resource allocation during periods of congestion. It achieves these benefits by extending the constructs of shares and limits, used extensively for CPU and memory, to manage the allocation of storage I/O resources. SIOC can trigger device-latency monitoring that hosts observe when communicating with that datastore. When latency exceeds a set threshold, the feature engages to relieve congestion. Each virtual machine that accesses that datastore is then allocated I/O resources in proportion to their shares.
SIOC enables administrators to mitigate the performance loss of critical workloads due to high congestion and storage latency during peak load periods. The use of SIOC will produce better and more predictable performance behavior for workloads during periods of congestion.
During high I/O from Non-Critical Application

25. Network I/O Control
Partitions network bandwidth among different types of network traffic flows.
Provides appropriate QoS policies.
Isolation
Shares
Virtual Switch
Administrators and architects need a simple and reliable way to enable prioritization of critical traffic over the physical network if and when contention for those resources occurs. Network I/O Control (NIOC) addresses this challenge by introducing a software approach to partitioning physical network bandwidth among the different types of network traffic flows. It does so by providing appropriate QoS policies enforcing traffic isolation, predictability and prioritization, thereby helping IT organizations overcome the contention resulting from consolidation.
NIOC allows you to ensure that a given flow will never be allowed to dominate over others, which prevents drops and undesired jitters. It also allows flexible networking capacity partitioning to help users deal with over-commitment when flows compete aggressively for the same resources. NIOC enforces traffic bandwidth limit on the overall VDS set of dvUplinks, and uses them efficiently for network capacity by load-based teaming.
Limits
Load-Based Teaming
10 GigE

26. vSphere Availability Features
vSphere Data Protection (VDP)
vSphere
High Availability (HA)
Application Restart
vSphere
Fault Tolerance (FT)
VMware vSphere delivers maximum availability of your virtualized environment, making unplanned downtime a thing of the past. The enhanced availability also minimizes unplanned downtime through automated virtual machine restart. Automating virtual machine placement and load balancing, backup and recovery, and site-wide disaster recovery further enhances availability.
The vSphere availability features include:
vSphere Data Protection
High Availability
Fault Tolerance
vSphere Replication
Let’s discuss each feature in detail.
vSphere Replication

27. vSphere Data Protection
VMware ESXi & ESX
Disk-based backup and recovery solution.
Enables VM backup.
Makes backup storage usage more efficient
Centralized and efficient management of backup jobs.
VDP
VMware vSphere Data Protection is a robust, easy-to-deploy, disk-based backup and recovery solution for VMware virtualized environments. The feature enables both local data protection and off-site disaster recovery. Backups are performed locally, and then replicated offsite for disaster recovery.
Data Protection is managed using the vSphere Web Client, an interface that is familiar to the vSphere administrator. With Data Protection, tasks such as creating backup jobs, restoring virtual machines, and setting up backup data replication are intuitive. Let’s take a closer look at some of the features of Data Protection.
Data Protection includes agents that enable application-consistent backup and recovery from a wide variety of servers including the Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Exchange Server, and Microsoft SharePoint Server.
It allows you to restore the replicated backup data to a target location or back to the source location. This functionality provides several retention and recovery options to satisfy a wide variety of business requirements.
Data Protection also includes automated backup verification-scheduled jobs that routinely restore virtual machines, boot the guest operating systems, check for VMware Tools™ heartbeats to verify the virtual machines have been recovered successfully, and then delete the restored virtual machines.
The Data Protection support for backup data storage provides increased reliability and backup data capacity with minimum impact on network bandwidth or performance.

28. High Availability
vSphere HA
vSphere
Monitors the status of ESXi hosts, VMs, and applications.
Application Restart
Restarts the affected VMs on other production servers during physical server.
vSphere
Restarts the affected VM on the same physical server during OS failure.
High Availability provides easy-to-use, cost-effective high availability for applications running in virtual machines. In the event of physical server failure, affected virtual machines are automatically restarted on other servers with spare capacity. In the case of operating system failure, High Availability restarts the affected virtual machine on the same physical server. The combination of High Availability and the other availability features of the vSphere platform provides organizations with the ability to select and easily deliver the level of availability required for all of their important applications.
High Availability enables you to minimize unplanned downtime and IT service disruptions while eliminating the need for dedicated standby hardware or the installation of additional software. It provides affordable uniform high availability across the entire virtualized IT environment without the cost and complexity of failover solutions tied to either operating systems or specific applications.
To monitor operating system failures, High Availability monitors heartbeat information provided by the VMware Tools package installed in each virtual machine in the cluster. Failures are detected when no heartbeat is received from a given virtual machine within a user-specified time interval.

29. Fault Tolerance VMware ESX VMware ESX VMware ESXi No Reboot
Seamless Cutover
VMware ESX
VMware ESX
VMware ESXi
vSphere Fault Tolerance is an important feature that allows you to protect mission critical, high performance applications regardless of the operating system or other running applications. It provides continuous availability for applications in the event of physical server failures by creating a lock-step of a virtual machine that is always up-to-date with the primary virtual machine. In the event of a hardware outage, Fault Tolerance automatically triggers failover, ensuring zero downtime and preventing data loss.
vSphere Fault Tolerance is easy to setup and configure and does not require any operating system or application specific agents or configuration. It is tightly integrated with vSphere and managed using the vSphere Web Client.
Fault Tolerance can support up to 4 vCPU and 64GB of memory, thus providing protection for approximately 90% of mission-critical customer workloads, regardless of the application or operating system.
The traffic between hosts where primary and secondary virtual machines are running is referred to as Fault Tolerance logging. With vSphere 6.0, Fault Tolerance logging is very bandwidth intensive and the use of a dedicated 10GB Network Interface Card (NIC) on each host is recommended. Though this is not a requirement, without the necessary bandwidth, the protected virtual machines will be slower.
With vSphere 6.0, Fault Tolerance creates a complete copy of the entire virtual machine, resulting in total protection for virtual machine storage, compute, and memory. It also allows you to store primary and secondary virtual machines files on both shared as well as local storage. This results in increased protection, reduced risk, and improved flexibility. You can use VMware snapshot-based tools to back up the Fault Tolerance-protected virtual machines, enabling easier backup administration, enhanced data protection, and reduced risk.
Fault Tolerance supports all virtual disk types, including eager-zeroed thick, thick, and thin disks. Host compatibility for vSphere Fault Tolerance is now the same as for vSphere vMotion. These features make it easy to use Fault Tolerance.
OperatingServer
Failed Server
OperatingServer

30. vSphere Replication
vSphere
vSphere
Whenever a change is made to the VM, VR replicates it in real time.
vSphere Replication is a feature that provides data protection and disaster recovery for vSphere platform by replicating virtual machines within the same site or across sites. It creates a copy of a virtual machine that can be stored locally within a cluster or at another site, providing a data source to rapidly restore the virtual machine within minutes. This recovery process is simpler and faster as compared to the process of restoring from a backup.
In vSphere 6.0, Replication is tightly integrated with vSphere and is managed using vSphere Web Client. It allows you to create as many as 24 recovery points for a replicated virtual machine. It also provides you with options to minimize network bandwidth consumption by controlling the frequency and extent of the replication. Further, the replicated data is compressed as it is sent across the network and stays compressed until it is written to storage. Though compressing and then decompressing the replicated data costs some CPU cycles on the source and target storage host, there is an overall balance between performance, compression, and limited overhead.
vSphere 6.0 allows you to easily isolate network traffic associated with vSphere Replication from other vSphere host traffic. This allows you to control bandwidth by configuring more than one NIC in a vSphere Replication virtual appliance and by using vSphere Network I/O Control to separate network traffic. At the source, administrators can specify a NIC for replication traffic and use Network I/O Control to control replication bandwidth utilization. At the target, vSphere Replication Appliances can have multiple NICs, with separate IP addresses, to separate incoming traffic isolated, controllable flows. The administrator can specify one of the NICs for incoming replication traffic that will be written to storage. The result is improved performance and security.

31. Data Center Virtualization Products: Overview
vSphere with Operations Management
Big Data Extensions
vRealize Suite
VMware Integrated OpenStack
Data Center Virtualization Product
Software-Defined Storage -
Virtual SAN
Cloud Services
Data center virtualization transforms your data center into a flexible cloud infrastructure with the performance and reliability to run the most demanding applications. This provides security and flexibility for compute, storage, and networking.
The various data center virtualization products that enable you to achieve this include: 
vSphere with Operations Management
vRealize Suite
Software-Defined Storage – Virtual SAN
Software-Defined Networking - NSX
Big Data Extensions
VMware Integrated OpenStack (VIO)
Cloud Services - vCloud Air
Hyperconverged Offerings (EVO:RACK and EVO:RAIL)
Let’s discuss each product in detail. 
Software-Defined Networking - NSX
EVO: RACK
EVO: RAIL

32. vSphere with Operations Management
Virtualization Platform
Operational Enhancements
vSOM
Performance Monitoring
vSphere with Operations Management offers a virtualization platform with critical operational enhancements in performance monitoring and capacity management. It is designed for businesses of all sizes and allows them to run applications at high service levels and maximize hardware savings through higher capacity utilization and consolidation ratios.
vSphere with Operations Management provides availability services and policies with simplicity and flexibility for any application, from legacy to next-generation applications, such as Hadoop, that require intense resources. The platform can also be tuned to meet the performance needs of low-latency applications.
vSphere with Operations Management also reduces the cost and complexity of managing business continuity and disaster recovery with layered protection against service outages and data loss. The platform provides fast, efficient backup and recovery for virtual machines, in addition to replicating a running virtual machine to another location.
With predictive analytics and smart alerts on the health of the virtualized system, vSphere with Operations Management enables proactive identification and remediation of system issues, with dynamic thresholds that automatically adapt to environments to provide fewer and more specific alerts.
vSphere with Operations Management makes it easier to manage and optimize capacity planning. It allows you to reclaim overprovisioned capacity, increase resource utilization, and eliminate the need for scripts and spreadsheets.
Capacity Management

33. vSphere with Operations Management Editions
vSphere with Operations Management is a combination of vSphere and vRealize Operations Standard Edition.
vSphere with Operations Management is available in the following three editions:
vSphere with Operations Management Standard: Server consolidation, business continuity, and insight into workload capacity and health management.
vSphere with Operations Management Enterprise: Resource load balancing and insight into workload capacity and health management.
vSphere with Operations Management Enterprise Plus: Enhanced application availability and performance with insight into workload capacity and health management.
There is another product called vSphere with Operations Management Acceleration Kits, which comes in following versions:
vSphere with Operations Management Standard AK - Server consolidation, business continuity, and insight into workload capacity and health
vSphere with Operations Management Enterprise AK - Resource load balancing and insight into workload capacity and health
vSphere with Operations Management Enterprise Plus AK - Enhanced application availability and performance with insight into workload capacity and health
There are add-on options for vSphere with Operations Management such as vRealize Operations Insight that performs advanced operations management for vSphere with Operations Management.
For comparing the vSphere with Operations Management editions, refer to the ‘Resources' document in the ‘Documentation' area for this module

34. vRealize Suite vRealize Suite VMware vRealize Automation
VMware vRealize Suite is a cloud management platform purpose-built for the hybrid cloud. It delivers and manages infrastructure and applications quickly while maintaining IT control. vRealize Suite provides a comprehensive management stack for IT services on VMware vSphere® and other hypervisors. It extends a unified management experience to external cloud service providers such as VMware vCloud Air and Amazon Web Services or OpenStack-based private and public clouds.
With vRealize Suite, businesses get the agility and speed needed to maintain competitive advantage. At the same time, IT gets the control and efficiency needed to manage uptime, performance, compliance and cost of infrastructure and applications.
vRealize Suite consists of the following products:
VMware vRealize Automation
VMware vRealize Operations
VMware vRealize Log Insight
Click each product to learn more.
VMware vRealize Automation: vRealize Automation provides a secure portal where authorized administrators, developers, or business users can request new IT services and manage specific cloud and IT resources, while ensuring compliance with business policies. Requests for IT services, such as infrastructure, applications, and desktops are processed through a common service catalog to provide a consistent user experience. vRealize Automation improves cost control by exposing the cost of cloud resources and by providing simplified resource management including reporting on capacity use.
VMware vRealize Operations: vRealize Operations is built on a scale-out, resilient platform designed to deliver intelligent operational insights to simplify and automate management of applications and infrastructure across virtual, physical, and cloud environments. With vRealize Operations, IT organizations of all sizes can improve performance, avoid business disruption, and become more efficient with comprehensive visibility across applications and infrastructure in one place.
VMware vRealize Log Insight: vRealize Log lnsight delivers real-time log management for VMware environments, with machine learning-based Intelligent Grouping, high-performance search, and better troubleshooting across physical, virtual, and cloud environments. It has an intuitive, easy-to-use, graphical interface for simple interactive searches as well as deep analytical queries. vRealize Log Insight is best suited for your VMware environment as it has a built-in knowledge and native support for vSphere.
VMware vRealize Automation
VMware vRealize Operations
VMware vRealize Log Insight

35. vRealize Operations: Introduction
Operations Dashboard
Heat Map Views
Health and Workload Views
Capacity Trending and Analysis
vRealize Operations
Workload Details View
Right-Size Virtual Machines
Proactive Smart Alerts
Capacity Reporting
VMware vRealize™ Operations is a scalable and resilient platform that is a part of the vRealize suite of products. vRealize Operations provides control over performance, capacity, and configuration, with predictive analytics driving proactive action- and policy-based automation.
The key features of vRealize Operations Manager 6.0 include the following:
Operations Dashboard
Health and Workload Views
Workload Details View
Proactive Smart Alerts
Automated Correlation of Change Events
Heat Map Views
Capacity Trending and Analysis
Right-Size Virtual Machines
Capacity Reporting
Remediation Actions
Fully Customizable Symptoms, Alerts, and Recommendations.
Click each feature to learn more.
Operations Dashboard: The Operations Dashboard feature provides ‘at-a-glance views' into the health, risk, and efficiency data of your virtual infrastructure.
Health and Workload Views: The Health and Workload Views feature identifies anomalies, faults, and stressed workloads that can impact the performance and health of the infrastructure.
Workload Details View: The Workload Details View feature provides in-depth analysis of the factors that impact the performance and health of virtual machines, hosts, data stores, and clusters.
Proactive Smart Alerts: The Proactive Smart Alerts feature enables you to perform root cause analysis of potential issues. This feature notifies the end-users of issues in advance before they are actually impacted.
Automated Correlation of Change Events: The Automated Correlation of Change Events feature enables you to trace back the cause of reduction in performance and health and identify the changes in the infrastructure or those inside the guest operating system. This feature facilitates better configuration management.
Heat Map Views: The Heat Map Views feature provides visibility into all areas of your infrastructure and enables you to identify resource constraints and bottlenecks.
Capacity Trending and Analysis: The Capacity Trending and Analysis feature provides insight into the current and future resource needs and usage. This feature enables informed capacity management and planning through performance trends, forward-looking projections, and extended forecasts.
Right-Size Virtual Machines: The Right-Size Virtual Machines feature helps you to reclaim unused resources to optimize consolidation ratios and virtual machine density without impacting performance.
Capacity Reporting: The Capacity Reporting feature enables automatic generation and dispatch of capacity reports in a variety of formats.
Remediation Actions: The Remediation Actions feature enables problem identification and resolution without the need to exit vRealize Operations.
Fully Customizable Symptoms, Alerts, and Recommendations: The Fully Customizable Symptoms, Alerts, and Recommendations feature enables building and bundling of your own customized symptoms into specific alerts that help your IT staff by defining your own recommendations.
Automated Correlation of Change Events
Remediation Actions
Fully Customizable Symptoms, Alerts, and Recommendations

36. vRealize Operations: Virtual Machine Architecture
VMware vRealize Operations architecture is a reliable and scalable model that can be used across different kinds of environments ranging from small to enterprise-wide organizations. Each install of VMware vRealize Operations includes the entire software stack that includes:
User Interface: The user interfaces are Web application servers based on Apache Tomcat.
Collector: The collector component connects to one or more controller components and sends the collected data.
Controller: The controller component is responsible for placing, or mapping, the data across the nodes in the cluster.
Analytics: The analytics component receives data from the controller component, caches the collected data, and processes the collected data.
Persistence: The persistence component takes cached data and writes the data to disk.
Databases: Data is stored in XML-based databases (xDB), a file system database (FSDB), and a vPostgres database.
The gray box represents the virtual machine, which runs the complete stack of software. Application disciplines, such as capacity, performance, change management, and compliance, work across the stack. The rest of the application disciplines are enabled as common services.

37. vCenter Configuration Manager
vRealize Operations Manager 6.0: High Level Architecture
vCenter Server
vCenter Configuration Manager
vRealize Operations collects data from many different sources such as VMware vCenter Server, VMware vCenter Configuration Manager, or VMware vCloud Director.
The vRealize Operations analytics virtual machine processes the collected data, and presents the results through the UI virtual machine. Possible user interfaces are the vRealize Operations vSphere UI and vRealize Operations Manager Custom UI - which is only available in the Advanced and Enterprise editions. vRealize Operations also features an Admin UI to perform administrative tasks.
The monitored resources and collected metrics require certain computing resources. These should be taken into account when deploying the virtual machine.
vRealize Operations is designed as an enterprise solution, so planning and preparing your environment is critical to successful deployment. You need to take factors like environment size, landscape, and complexity into account. The vRealize Operations Architecture needs to take into account how large the environment is, including the number of applications, data sources, resources and metrics, the physical environment distribution and the number of users.
vCloud Director

38. Software-Defined Storage - VSAN
VMware Software-Defined Storage (SDS) transforms storage on virtualized environments by aligning it with application demands. The hypervisor matches the demands from virtualized applications with the storage supply, makes intelligent placement decisions, and optimizes ongoing adjustments.
Virtual SAN is the SDS for a Software-Defined Data Center (SDDC). Virtual SAN's hypervisor-converged architecture enables storage and compute to run on the same physical host with minimal overhead. It can seamlessly integrate with the vSphere Web Client and the entire VMware stack to simplify management. When enabled, Virtual SAN works together with virtual machine storage policies. Virtual SAN monitors and reports on the policy compliance during the lifecycle of the virtual machine.

39. Software-Defined Networking
Software-Defined Networking - NSX
Software-Defined Networking
Software-Define Networking (SDN) enables you to network with virtual machines in the same way that you do with physical machines. You can also build complex networks within a single ESXi host or across multiple ESXi hosts for production deployments, or for devel­opment and testing purposes.
NSX network virtualization is a transformative architecture from VMware that makes it possible to create and run entire networks in parallel on top of existing network hardware. This results in faster deployment of workloads, as well as greater agility in the face of increasingly dynamic data centers. NSX reproduces the entire networking environment in software.
You can deploy NSX non-disruptively on top of your existing physical infrastructure. NSX network virtualization allows you to treat your physical network as a pool of transport capacity. NSX provides you with a platform for advanced networking and security services.
NSX allows you to create a flexible pool of network capacity that can be allocated, utilized, and repurposed on demand. It decouples the network from the underlying hardware and applies virtualization principles to network infrastructure. It also deploys networks in software that are fully isolated from each other, as well as from other changes in the data center.
Production
Development
Testing

40. vSphere Big Data Extensions
vSphere Big Data Extensions (BDE), is a feature within vSphere to support Big Data and Hadoop workloads. BDE provides an integrated set of management tools to help enterprises deploy, run, and manage Hadoop on the vSphere platform.
VMware introduced Big Data Extensions (BDE), as a commercially supported version of Project Serengeti designed for enterprises seeking VMware support. BDE enables customers to run clustered, scale-out Hadoop applications on the vSphere platform, delivering all the benefits of virtualization to Hadoop users. BDE delivers operational simplicity with an easy-to-use interface, improved utilization through compute elasticity, and a scalable and flexible Big Data platform to satisfy changing business requirements.
A few features of BDE include:
Integrate with vCenter for automated deployment of Hadoop clusters.
Provide self-service of Hadoop clusters in the private cloud with vCloud Automation Center.
Integrate with management tools to manage infrastructure and perform Hadoop installation.
Elastically scale compute and data separately.

41. VMware Integrated OpenStack
Virtual SAN
VMware Integrated OpenStack (VIO) enables IT administrators to deploy and manage a production grade OpenStack quickly and easily on top of their VMware infrastructure. It provides key administration capabilities, including install, upgrade, troubleshooting, and cost visibility through various VMware management tools.
A few key features of VIO include:
Streamlined deployment using vSphere Web Client
Seamless upgrade or patch
Available for use, free of charge, for all vSphere Enterprise Plus Customers
Highly scalable network virtualization solution through NSX
Simple, high performance and resilient shared storage using virtual SAN
Pre-defined workflows for automating operations such as adding/removing capacity
A few advantages of VIO include:
Most robust and production proven hypervisor
Advanced virtualized network services with massive scale and throughput
Advanced storage policies using Virtual SAN and vSphere Virtual Volumes™
Works with any vSphere validated storage

42. Cloud Services - vCloud Air
vCloud Air is an extension of the SDDC that is designed to deliver a true hybrid cloud. This service supports existing workloads and third-party applications, as well as new application development, giving administrators a common platform to seamlessly extend their data center to the cloud. Administrators can leverage the tools and processes that they are familiar with and move the existing applications and services to the cloud without having to re-architect the infrastructure.
vCloud Air offers a seamless networking layer between your data center or private cloud and vCloud Air, and common management tools for on-premises and off-premises management of workloads. Applications and data are completely mobile from your premises to vCloud Air and back to your premises on demand. It allows you to stay in full control of the cloud environment using your current staff, processes, tools, and automation.

43. Hyper-converged Infrastructure Product
Hyper-Converged Offerings
Financial Services
Higher Education
Federal
Insurance
Hyper-converged Infrastructure Product
Healthcare
Oil and Gas
VMware EVO: RACK ™ is a hyper-converged infrastructure product that can dramatically simplify how companies buy, deploy, and operate SDDCs. It helps organizations rapidly provision applications and services at data center scale. EVO: RACK meets the increasing demands of private clouds at medium-to-large enterprises. It can run on a range of pre-integrated hardware configurations ranging from Open Compute Project-based hardware designs to industry-standard OEM servers and converged infrastructure.
VMware EVO: RAIL™ is another hyper-converged infrastructure appliance that will help customers to streamline the deployment and scale-out of software-defined IT infrastructure. It is also the first solution in a family of hyper-converged infrastructure offerings from VMware. EVO: RAIL targets users in the mid-market and enterprise segments. It is ideally suited for use cases such as Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) as well as remote office/branch office for industries such as financial services, federal, healthcare, higher education, insurance, oil and gas, and retail.
Infrastructure – servers
Retail

44. Review of Module Objectives
Now that you have completed this module, you should be able to:
Describe how the components of vSphere 6.0 support Data Center Virtualization.
Explain the physical and virtual topologies of a vSphere 6.0 data center.
Describe the various Data Center Virtualization products.
Now that you have completed this module, you should be able to:
Describe how the components of vSphere 6.0 support Data Center Virtualization.
Explain the physical and virtual topologies of a vSphere 6.0 data center.
Describe the various Data Center Virtualization products.