1. Do Now What do you think of when you hear the word success? What does it mean to you?

2. Great Expectations

3. Background on England in the 1800s The 1800s were a turbulent time in England. Poverty and disease were rampant. The legal system was unjust. – Many abuses – No rights for children – Money could solve any problem Women had few legal rights. – If a divorce should occur, the husband received the children and any and all property or belongings of the wife, even if they were in her possession before the marriage.

4. Charles Dickens 1812-1870 Worked in a factory as a child – This experience had a profound effect on his writing. Campaigned for social reform – Critique of the harsh living conditions of England are often seen in his novels One of the most celebrated and important English authors Wrote some of the most memorable characters in all of literature – Ebenezer Scrooge A Christmas Carol 1843 – Oliver Twist February 1837 – April 1839 – David Copperfield May 1849 – November 1850 Wrote Great Expectations in two chapter, weekly installments in the publication All the Year Round from December 1860 to August 1861

5. Guiding Questions Protagonist: Phillip Pirrip – “Pip” Guiding Questions What does it mean to have “great expectations”? How do the hopes and dreams of the characters in the book grow and change as the story progresses? What are the possible benefits and downfalls of achieving everything you have ever wanted? How does this relate to the characters in the book?

6. Bildungsroman Story is an example of a bildungsroman – A German word meaning “a novel of self- cultivation” – a novelistic form that concentrates on the development and growth of the protagonist usually from childhood to maturity – “Coming of age story” – The protagonist goes on a journey of some kind. – The novel ends with an understanding by the protagonist of himself/herself and his/her new place in the world.

7. Themes Good vs. Evil and Right vs. Wrong Struggle Between Social Classes Ambition The Burden of Guilt

8. Chapters 1-3 Why is the first chapter so important? Compare and contrast Pip and the first convict. What examples of humor can be found in the first chapter? Explain why the story is more interesting written in first person point of view. Explain how guilt has affected Pip’s life.

9. Chapters 1-3 Why is the first chapter so important? – It is our introduction to Pip and his family. – We get to know the convict and the setting of the prison. Compare and contrast Pip and the first convict. – Pip and the convict are loners and have no one. – The convict is a criminal and Pip is not. What examples of humor can be found in the first chapter? Explain why the story is more interesting written in first person point of view. Explain how guilt has affected Pip’s life.

10. Chapters 1-3 What examples of humor can be found in the first chapter? – Mrs. Joe “raising them by hand.” Explain why the story is more interesting written in first person point of view. – All of our views are through a child’s view and they are filtered through the perspective of that character instead of an objective source. Explain how guilt has affected Pip’s life. – He feels guilt for letting Joe take the blame for stealing food. Page 10 – Pip associates himself with a convict for stealing the food when asking what a convict is.

11. Chapters 1-3 Discuss the theme of right and wrong or good and evil found in these first three chapters. – Stealing to help someone – Covering up a story or not How is the relationship between Pip and his sister different from the relationship between Pip and Joe? – Pip and Joe are close and confide in each other like true siblings, but Pip and his sister and more of a mother son relationship.

12. Chapters 4-5 Describe the Christmas dinner from Pip’s point of view. How are the attitudes of Pip and Joe toward the first convict similar? How does the convict’s behavior warrant compassion? What themes are beginning to emerge from these chapters?

13. Chapters 6-7 How does Dickens build suspense in his novel? Explain how the bond between Pip and Joe becomes even stronger. Describe Joe’s relationship with Pip and his relationship with his wife.

14. Chapters 8-9 How does Pip’s first day at Miss Havisham’s change him forever? – Pip becomes aware of social constraints and for the first time he is embarrassed at his social class. Give examples of Joe’s goodness. He is always available to listen to Pip and is gentle and patient. He shares info with Pip like you have to be honest in life to be successful. Joe doesn’t punish Pip for lying. He is a mentor to Pip. He shows Pip that class doesn’t count if you’re a good person.

15. Chapters 8-9 Compare Miss Havisham and Satis House. – They are both old. – The are both unkempt. They are both ready for a wedding. They have not been updated. – The interior and Ms. Havisham are both faded. Describe Estella and her effect on Pip. – Estella is a beautiful young girl and Pip gets a crush on her. Pip is sent to play with her and she is brutally mean and demeaning to him and wants him to cry in return.

16. Chapters 10-11 How does Pip’s visit with Miss Havisham and her wedding cake affect him? – Pip’s visit with Miss Havisham encourages him to develop ambition and an interest to increase his social standing to have a chance with Estella. The cake makes him think of the future and plans with Estella What does Dickens use to create suspense and interest in the novel? – There is the mysterious man in chapter 10. There reader doesn’t know what is truly behind Miss Havisham’s goal in having Pip over everyday. Pip sees the convict at the pub.

17. Chapters 10-11 Discuss Pip’s encounter with Miss Havisham’s relatives. What are his impressions of them? – Pip is paraded in front of them. Pip thinks they are not really interested in her and only want her money after her death. How is humor used concerning Pip and the pale young gentleman? – Pip knocks him down with one hit. Pip gets a kiss from Estella, but he feels that she puts him down when he gets home.

18. Chapters 12-13 How has Pip changed? Give examples of his dissatisfaction with his life and family. – Pip is starting to become embarrassed by his family’s lower class and begins to value what Estella values. He had hoped that Miss Havisham would be his benefactor and make him a fine young gentleman.

19. Chapters 12-13 How is Pip affected by being apprenticed to Joe? – Pip will forever be stuck in the lower class as a blacksmith and never have a chance with Estella. His time with Joe will teach him goodness, kindness and compassion that class cannot determine or teach. Describe Uncle Pumblechook. – Joe’s uncle, merchant, arrogant, hypocrite for taking responsibility for Pip’splacement at Miss Havisham’s when it was Mrs. Joe and Joe who set it up.

20. Chapters 14-15 Describe Orlick. – Unkempt, evil, worker for Joe, likes to see people hurt just for the fun of it (also known as a sadist-one who derives pleasure inflicting pain or humiliation in others). Describe Pip’s return to see Miss Havisham. How is he feeling? What is really motivating him to go back there? – Pip is eager to see Estella but finds out she is away.

21. Chapters 14-15 Describe Orlick. – Unkempt, evil, worker for Joe, likes to see people hurt just for the fun of it (also known as a sadist- one who derives pleasure inflicting pain or humiliation in others). Describe Pip’s return to see Miss Havisham. How is he feeling? What is really motivating him to go back there? – Pip is excited to return and anxious to see Estella to reunite with her. He also wants to return to the upper class. He is disappointed to learn she is not there. He claims to want to go to learn, but he is motivated by seeing Estella.

22. Chapters 14-15 Describe the current state of Joe and Pip’s relationship. – They’ve grown apart. Joe is unable to teach Pip anymore and now Pip teaches him. Also Pip doesn’t confide in Joe any longer and keeps secrets from him. Pip used to look up to Joe, but now disregards his advice.

23. Chapters 16-17 Describe Biddy. How does she differ from Estella? – Biddy is plain and kind. They attend school together. She is the opposite of Estella because she is plain, kind, moral and in Pip’s social class. Explain the relationship between Pip and Biddy. – They are friends, but Biddy loves Pip and knows he will never love her back.

24. Chapters 16-17 Discuss the attack on Mrs. Joe. How has it affected Pip? – Mrs. Joe is savagely attacked. It leaves her an invalid. It affects Pip because he now sees a kinder side of his sister.

25. Chapters 18-19 Describe the circumstances or coincidences that help make Pip believe Miss Havisham is his benefactor. – Pip met Jaggers at Miss Havisham’s, so he believes that the lawyer must be working for her since he is the one to deliver Pip the good news. Discuss the first stage of Pip’s life. How can this stage be called one of innocence or childhood? – Pip is unaware of the importance of social class early in his life. His only concerns were of school and friends. There was no confusion or turmoil about desiring things in life that were beyond his reach due to his social standing. Discuss the two settings in the novel – that of Satis House and that of the forge with its marshes. What characters are associated with each, and how do they affect Pip? – Satis house represents money, wealth, and high social standing. The forge and the marshes represent everything Pip comes to resent: his low social standing and the lower class.

26. Chapters 18-19 Dickens is well-known for his life like characters. Explain how he uses them to add meaning to the story thus far. – Dickens uses characters that are life like and opposites to show the conflicts that Pip is experiencing. They are easy for the reader to relate to and help to make the story more meaningful. Do any of the characters we’ve seen so far embody stereotypes? (the spoiled rich girl, the uneducated poor man, etc.) Which characters show stereotyping and how? – Estella is the spoiled rich girl. – Pip is the boy who wants to go to the big city and do well. – Biddy is the overlooked girl next door – Joe is the poor, good guy who is a stand up guy. – Miss Havisham is the eccentric crazy rich lady. – Mrs. Joe is the mean older sister who wants to do right by her little brother.

27. Chapters 20-23 Discuss Pip’s impressions of London. – At first he is amazed by what he sees, but then he – is overwhelmed by how crowded it is and how bad it smells. Describe Mr. Jaggers’s office and how it is representative of the lawyer. – Jaggers’s office is prestigious. He has a lot of people waiting for him and is very important. What does Pip find out about Miss Havisham’s past? Relate her story and its effects upon her life. – Miss Havisham was supposed to marry a man who was from a lower social class who had convinced her to buy out her half brother. He stood her up at 8:40, which is the time the clocks are stopped. The half brother and fiancé left with the profits. Miss Havisham has lived the rest of her life in the house in her wedding dress.

28. Chapters 20-23 Discuss how Herbert’s new name for Pip is appropriate. – Pip’s nickname “Handel” is appropriate because of the composer’s song in reference to blacksmiths. What is Pip’s impression of Belinda and Matthew Pocket’s home life? – They have a jolly and fun home life. Even though the house was full of movement, Pip is comfortable there. Compare Belinda Pocket’s obsession with social status and nobility with that of Pip’s quest for social status and becoming a gentleman. – The wife is ambitious like Pip to advance her social status. The children have a nurse, which is one of the status symbols of the higher society.

29. Chapters 24-25 Does Pip have a high opinion of his tutor? – Yes, he regards him as an honorable person. Describe the dual personalities of Mr. John Wemmick. – Work personality is serious and stern and at home his personality is carefree and relaxed. Describe Mr. Wemmick’s life at Walworth. – He lives in a sort of castle with his parent.

30. Chapters 24-25 Discuss the irony of Mr. Wemmick’s labors at the Castle being an acceptable source of pride, and Joe’s labors as a blacksmith being unacceptable to Pip. – Wemmick supports his father, which Pip admires and it is work that is not attached to social class. Joe’s work as a blacksmith clearly label him as the lower class.

31. Chapters 26-27 Compare and contrast Pip’s dinner engagement at the home of Mr. Jaggers with that of Mr. Wemmick. – Jaggers’s house is dark and the conversation is upsetting due to a quarrel. In contrast, Wemmick’s house is welcoming and merry. A comparison is the students are at both dinners getting to know one another. Discuss Joe’s visit with Pip. How has Pip changed? – The visit is uncomfortable. Pip is embarrassed and he doesn’t want his new friends to see Joe. The only news Pip is interested in is about Estella. Pip has changed due to his new lifestyle.

32. Chapters 28-29 Discuss the different kinds of love presented in the novel. – Romantic love, friendship, filial love, platonic, Unrequited love, superficial love. Describe how Dickens uses coincidence to piece together his novel, and how the coincidences affect Pip. – Herbert Pocket knows about Miss Havisham’s past. Herbert Pocket is the pale young gentleman that he fought years ago.

33. Chapters 28-29 How has the relationship between Joe and Pip changed from the beginning of the novel? Explain the reasons for the changes. – Pip and Joe have grown distant from each other. Pip is embarrassed about Joe visiting him and hopes that no one sees them together. Pip has aspirations to be a gentleman and that is why he doesn’t want to be close to Joe anymore.

34. Do Now Unrequited love is experienced by arguably everyone at some point in life. Pip is in the midst of this feeling right now. Have you experienced this feeling? How did you deal with it? How did the situation work out?

35. Chapters 30-31 How is Pip received when he visits his village? How does he act? – Pip envisions his return as “larger than life” but it doesn’t happen that way. Pip still feels lower than Estella when he sees her. Orlick opens the door for him and Jaggers is there as well which upsets Pip. Pip acts like he is still beneath her.

36. Chapters 30-31 What is a farce, and how is Mr. Wopsle’s performance an example of this term? – Wopsle acts out Shakespeare’s Hamlet. A farce is a dramatic work using crude characterization and improbably situations. Wopsle’s performance is awful and the audience is yelling back at the actors and Wopsle is pretentious.

37. Chapters 32-33 Discuss the influence of prisons, convicts, and criminal lawyers upon Pip’s life. – Pip still struggles with his feelings of doing something wrong when he helped the convict. There is an underlying fear that he will end up in prison and the presence of these in the novel is a constant reminder to Pip of his earlier contact with the convicts. Explain why Mr. Wemmick is compared to a gardener in Newgate Prison. – Wemmick tends to the criminals in the same way a gardener tends to plants. Pip views him as a gardener wandering around the convicts like one who looks around to view how plants are doing.

38. Chapters 32-33 Does wealth bring happiness to Pip? Explain this in terms of Pip and Estella’s relationship. – Wealth and happiness are connected because Pip feels that if he becomes wealthy he will win Estella. However, Pip learns that Estella has moved on, so he is upset to realize that no matter how much wealth he earns, he will never get Estella. How have Miss Havisham’s relatives played a part in Estella’s and Pip’lives? – Estella still treats Pip as if he is beneath her. Estella reports that the relatives send letters to Miss Havisham stating that Pip is awful and how much they hate him.

39. Chapters 32-33 Does wealth bring happiness to Pip? Explain this in terms of Pip and Estella’s relationship. – Wealth and happiness are connected because Pip feels that if he becomes wealthy he will win Estella. However, Pip learns that Estella has moved on, so he is upset to realize that no matter how much wealth he earns, he will never get Estella. How have Miss Havisham’s relatives played a part in Estella’s and Pip’lives? – Estella still treats Pip as if he is beneath her. Estella reports that the relatives send letters to Miss Havisham stating that Pip is awful and how much they hate him. Define and discuss the use of similes in these two chapters.

40. Chapters 32-33 In your group, look for relevant quotes that reflect the themes of the novel. – Good vs. Evil and Right vs. Wrong – Struggles Between Social Classes – Ambition and Self-Improvement – Guilt and Innocence

41. Chapters 38-39 Trace the references to convicts in Pip’s life. How have they influenced his life? Discuss the second stage of Pip’s life and how it may be called one of sin or adolescence. How does the realization that the convict and not Miss Havisham is his benefactor affect Pip and his expectations? Dickens’s characterizations are well known. Describe the character of Estella and her impact upon the novel. Discuss the character of the first convict. Describe his motivations and relate his story while in Australia. Discuss the convict’s purpose in making Pip a gentleman.

42. Chapters 40-41 Discuss the effect of the mysterious man on the stairs. Mr. Jaggers tells Pip that he has no evidence that Miss Havisham was his benefactor. What evidence or indications does Pip have to believe that she was the author of his great expectations?

43. Chapters 42-43 Relate Provis’s story concerning his background. Why would this knowledge explain why Provis is so intent on making Pip a gentleman? Describe the relationship between Provis and Compeyson. Compare how guilt affects Arthur and how it affects Compeyson.

44. Chapters 44-45 Describe the conversation between Estella, Pip, and Miss Havisham that occurs at Satis House. Discuss the benefits of moving Provis to a room in the same boarding house as Herbert’s fiancée. Discuss the friendship that exists between Wemmick and Pip.

45. Chapters 46-47 Explain how Pip’s attitude toward the convict has changed from when he first encountered him again. Discuss the plans for helping Provis escape from London.

46. Chapters 48-49 What is currently happening to Estella in her marriage? Who is Estella's mother? Who does Miss Havisham wish to see? For what does Miss Havisham ask Pip? What happens to Miss Havisham at the end of Chapter 49?

47. Chapters 48-49 What is currently happening to Estella in her marriage? – Drummle is beating her. Who is Estella's mother? – Molly, Jaggers’s maid Who does Miss Havisham wish to see? – Pip For what does Miss Havisham ask Pip? – Forgiveness What happens to Miss Havisham at the end of Chapter 49? – She catches on fire and is badly burned.

48. Chapters 48-49 Discuss the changes in Miss Havisham and what has brought about these changes. Relate Molly’s story and how her past is interwoven with Miss Havisham’s past even though they never meet. Trace the changes that have taken place in Pip’s character since arriving in London.

49. Chapters 52-53 Describe Orlick’s plot to murder Pip. What purpose does Orlick serve in the novel? How is Pip continuing to change?

50. Chapters 54-55 Describe the escape and capture of Magwitch. Discuss how Dickens uses humor in these chapters.

51. Chapters 56-57 Describe the last days between Pip and Magwitch. Explain why Joe becomes more distant as Pip becomes healthier.

52. Chapters 58-59 In what country does Pip live after leaving London? – Egypt How long does he live there? – 11 years What do Joe and Biddy name their son? – Pip How does Drummle die in the original ending? – Kicked by his horse What is the occupation of Estella’s second husband in the original ending? – A doctor

53. Chapters 58-59 How has guilt affected Pip’s life? Explain why the love between Joe and Biddy is the only true love in the novel.

54. Homework Study for Great Expectations test.