1. 11 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies Broadband wireless access( BWA) Market Evolution From Proprietary to Standard Based Solution

2. 22 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies How Did it Start ? BWA started with a Technology named LMDS. Local Multipoint Distribution Service In 1988 the FCC in the US distributed in the central area 1.3 GHz in a field of 27.5-31.3 GHz in order to provide wide communication services for business & home users. LMDS systems are a PMP architecture. The main services include telephones, data, internet & video Additional names for similar systems: LMCS Canada Broadband Wireless Access in Europe BWA

3. 33 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies Broadband Wireless Architecture and Application GREEN FIELD DEPLOYMENTS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES RESIDENTIAL & SoHo DSL Telco Core Network or Private (Fiber) Network INTERNET BACKBONE FRACTIONAL E1 for SMALL BUSINESS E1+ LEVEL SERVICE ENTERPRISE BACKHAUL for HOTSPOTS BACKHAUL

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5. 55 WiFi WiFi 2006 WiMAX Usage ModelBusiness Access & Backhaul ConsumerBroadbandAccess WiFi HotspotBackHaul WiFi Add mobile notebook deployments WiFi WiFi WiFi 802.16d 802.16e

6. 66 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies Main Standardization Bodies Europe CEPT ERC - Frequency delegation ETSI TM4 – Co existence BRAN - Interoperability USA FCC – Frequency delegation 802.16 - Interoperability IEEE

7. 77 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies CEPT / ERC Long Term Planning of Radio Spectrum Liaison with national frequency management Authorities Development of policy on radio communication issues Coordination of research studies and Consultation

8. 88 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies ETSI TM4 ETSI Technical Committee Transmission and Multiplexing Point-to-Multipoint Digital Radio Relay Systems is responsible for writing TM4 standards. Existing standardization for approach methods of 3-11 GHz & 24.5-29.5 GHz The main purpose of the standardization is to allow co-existence The standardization includes definitions for: General Architecture System : Capacity, BER, Delay, Transparency Radio : Channels Arrangements, TX Power, Spectrum Mask Interference Sensitivity: ACI, CCI Type of Interfaces Environmental Conditions

9. 99 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies BRAN ETSI’s project Broadband Radio Access Networks Includes 3 groups HIPERLAN - High Performance Radio Local Area Network HIPERACCESS - High Performance Radio Access Network HIPERLINK - High Performance Radio Link

10. 10 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies HIPERACCESS Wide strip radio system Point to Multipoint Minimum 25 Mbps Up to 5 km coverage Work in frequency fields that require permission Intended mainly for residential customers & SME Competition in xDSL systems and cable modems TR 101 177 – Commands and architecture The standardization will include levels of MAC & PHY

11. 11 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies IEEE 802.16 N-WEST - National Wireless Electronic Systems Tested. Target: To speed up the development of wide strip wireless systems by developing standards. Founded in 1988 as a project in IEEE 802 - LAN/MAN Standards Committee.

12. 12 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies 802.16 Project Description TITLE: Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access Systems SCOPE: This standard specifies the physical layer and media access control layer of the air interface of interoperable fixed point-to-multipoint broadband wireless access systems.The specification enables transport of data, video, and voice services. LIAISONS: ETSI BRAN; ITU-R 8a/9b APPROVED BY IEEE: March 18, 1999

13. 13 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies A New Situation Telecommunication Market Global economic recession Lower than estimated growth rates Internet & data communication Inability of some service suppliers to develop profitable business model (DSL, Cable, 3G etc) Over-capacity & deregulation process not successful An excess of Depth cause by large technology purchases The failure or deregulation process

14. 14 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies A New Background BWA Market Very cost conscious Reluctant for new investment even if the Business model looks good Evaluate business based on very short ROI They provide low visibility They are interested in BWA primarily: As a method of meeting immediate needs for access service in areas lacking existing broadband infrastructure and As an alternative solution for feeding last mile applications

15. 15 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies BWA Market Was: Not yet matured and dominated by early adopters Equipment at its early stage; 1 st generation deployments Fragmented Solution and Technology Application Geographies Channel Undergo consolidation process Range of alternatives Number or equipment suppliers Operators BWA market was evolving into vertical markets with specialized solutions becoming available for specific customer segments

16. 16 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies Deployment Examples: alvarion

17. 17 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies Technological Evolution

18. 18 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies Evolution of Broadband Wireless Point to Multi-Point Wireless Access Equipment Timeline Spectrum: License exempt 2.4, 2.5 GHz Licensed MMDS (AT&T Project Angel, Sprint BB Direct) Licensed LMDS (26, 28, 39 GHz; Winstar, Teligent, ART) Data rate: 2-11 Mbps peak Chip sets: use 802.11 RF and PHY or proprietary Spectrum: License exempt 2.4 & 5.x GHz Licensed MMDS 3.5 GHz, etc. Data rate: 6-54 Mbps peak Chip sets: OEMs forced to develop their own Silicon - Some use 802.11a RF & PHY Air interface: OFDM & S-CDMA approaches Proprietary mesh network topologies Proprietary advanced antenna techniques (beamforming, MIMO) Spectrum: < 11 GHz spectrum range Data rate: Up to 100 Mbps peak Chip sets: Volume silicon supplier Standards: Interoperable, carrier- class ’00 Off-the-Shelf 802.11 & Proprietary Solutions Proprietary 70+ OEMs with Equipment Solutions Standard-based 802.16d Solutions & Proprietary ’01’02’03’04’05 BWA is now where the DSL industry was at the end of the ’90 Just before Mass Market

19. 19 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies 802.11802.16 Range100 meter10’s KM No “hidden node” problem CoverageOptimized for indoor environments Optimized for outdoor environments (trees, buildings, users spread out over distance) Standard support for advanced antenna techniques & mesh ScalabilityChannel bandwidth for 20 MHz is fixed Channel BW is flexible from 1.5 to 20 MHz for both licensed and license exempt bands Frequency re-use & Cellular planning Bit rate54 Mbps in 20 MHz channel (best effort) 75 Mbps in 20 MHZ channel & 14 Mbps in 3.5Mhz (Guaranteed service) QoS / Security No QoS support today -> 802.11e working to standardize QoS designed in for voice/ video, differentiated services Network Level Security (managed service) How do 802.16 and 802.11 Differ?

20. 20 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies IEEE 802.16 / HiperMAN Standard Key Components 802.16802.16a/HiperMAN802.16d/e Completed December 2001January 2003 (802.16a)mid ’04 (16Revd) 05 (16e – Mobility) Spectrum 10 - 66 GHz< 11 GHz< 6 GHz Channel Conditions Line of Sight OnlyNon Line of Sight Over-the-Air Bit Rates Up to134 Mbps in 28MHz channel bandwidth Up to 50 Mbps in 10MHz channel bandwidth Up to 15 Mbps in 5MHz channel bandwidth Real Thru-put >100Mbps>38 Mbps in 10MHz6-9Mbps in Vehicular Environments Modulation QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAMOFDM 256 sub-carriers BPSK,QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Same as 802.16a Mobility FixedFixed, PortableNomadic Mobility Channel Bandwidths 20, 25 and 28 MHzScalable 1.5 to 20 MHz Same as 802.16a with sub-channelization Typical Cell Radius 2-5 km (LOS)7 to 10 km (Near LOS) Max range 50 km (LOS) 2-5 km (Non LOS)

21. 21 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies 802.16a (Jan 2003) Extension for < 11 GHzExtension for < 11 GHz Targeted for non line of sight, Point-to- Multi-Point applications -> “last mile” broadband accessTargeted for non line of sight, Point-to- Multi-Point applications -> “last mile” broadband access WiMAX Forum* and IEEE* 802.16 (Dec 2001) Original air Interface for 10 – 66 GHzOriginal air Interface for 10 – 66 GHz Line-of-sight only, Point-to-Point applicationsLine-of-sight only, Point-to-Point applications 802.16C(Ongoing) WiMAX Forum* Conformance Test Specs 802.16REVd (Q3 2004) 802.16 Revision PAR for 802.16 & 802.16a to address Errata802.16 Revision PAR for 802.16 & 802.16a to address Errata 802.16e (2005 exp.) Amendment for portability and mobility in licensed bands < 6 GHzAmendment for portability and mobility in licensed bands < 6 GHz Roaming for portable clients (laptops) within & between service areasRoaming for portable clients (laptops) within & between service areas

22. 22 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies Standards Impact Market Growth! Pre-Standard Post-Standard Service Providers System Design & Architecture Custom MAC Custom Radio Solution Modified 802.11 PHY or Custom ASIC Custom Network Mgmt Software System Integration Equipment Mfrs must develop too many layers of the stack – yielding a costly, vertical solution. Service Providers System Design & Architecture Volume Silicon Supplier Volume Radio Supplier Network Mgmt Software Supplier System Integrators Equipment mfrs can focus on system design – yielding faster innovation and better price- performance.

23. 23 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies 802.16 and HiperMAN: Designed from Ground Up for the Outdoors Higher throughput at longer ranges (up to 50 km) Better bits/second/Hz at longer ranges Scalable system capacity Easy addition of channels maximizes cell capacity Flexible channel bandwidths accommodate allocations for both licensed and unlicensed spectrum Coverage Standards-based approach to advanced techniques (mesh, beam-forming, MIMO) to improve non-line-of- sight performance

24. 24 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies 802.16 and HiperMAN: Designed from Ground Up for the Outdoors – Cont. Quality of Service Connection oriented MAC supports voice and video Differentiated service levels: E1/T1 for business; best effort for residential Cost & Investment Risk Interoperable equipment lets operators purchase equipment from more than one vendor WiMAX-Certified Equipment A stable, standards-based platform improves OpEx by sparking innovation at the network management layer, antenna layer & elsewhere Open Network Architecture

25. 25 Standardisation, regulation, worldwide strategies The WiMAX Forum Charter: Certify equipment that conforms to the IEEE 802.16* & ETSI HiperMAN standard and is proven interoperable A non-profit organization comprised of Broadband wireless access equipment manufacturers Component suppliers (silicon, RF, antenna, software, test services) Service providers (carriers, wireless ISPs) WiMAX is equivalent to Wi-Fi alliance Enabling BWA solutions with lower cost CPE Enabling multiple vendor support

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