1. Physical Science Unit 2: Atomic Structure
Day One
Atomic Structure

2. UNIT 2
ATOMIC STRUCTURE

3. We’re going to do some definitions to start off the unit here
We’re going to do some definitions to start off the unit here. Separate your page into six blocks as above.
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

4. ATOM Smallest unit of matter that retains properties of an element.
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

5. PROTON
Positive-charged particle in the nucleus of the atom, with a relative mass of 1 amu. The number of protons is unique for each element.
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

6. NEUTRON
Neutral (no charge) particle in the nucleus of the atom, with a relative mass of 1 amu. Isotopes of elements differ in mass by having different numbers of neutrons.
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

7. ELECTRON
Negative-charged particle that surrounds the nucleus of the atom, with a relative mass of 1/1837 amu. Ions (charged atoms) of elements form by gaining or losing electrons.
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

8. ISOTOPE
Atom that has a different number of neutrons and thus, a different mass number. The number of protons remains the same, so the element’s identity does not change.
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

9. ION
Atom that has gained or lost electrons. The number of protons remains the same, so the atom now has a charge.
LOSE electrons  POSITIVE charge
GAIN electrons  NEGATIVE charge
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

10. Directions
Now, divide a page into five sections as shown

11. Mass number – Atomic number
PARTICLE
Charge
Mass
Location
# =
PROTON
POSITIVE +
1 amu
Nucleus
Atomic number
NEUTRON
NEUTRAL
Mass number – Atomic number
ELECTRON
NEGATIVE -
1/1837 amu
~ 0 amu
Surrounding nucleus
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

12. Atomic Number Unique number for each element.
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

13. Mass Number
Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. (Always a whole number)
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

14. Atomic Mass
Average of the masses of all the element’s isotopes. Written as a decimal on the periodic table.
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!

15. C 12.01 6 Carbon Atomic Number Chemical Symbol Element Atomic Mass
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!
12.01
Atomic Mass

16. GPB: Chemistry 302: The Structure of the Atom
Take notes on the note sheet, then keep it in your binder.

17. Physical Science Unit 2: Atomic Structure
Day Two
Atomic Structure

18. What can you see in this model?
What would help if you could see it, but not complete the picture?

19. CARBON ATOM Electron cloud Electron nucleus Proton Neutron
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!
Neutron

22. X Nuclear Notation Hyphen Notation Carbon-13 A Z Mass Number Chemical
Symbol
Atomic Number
Hyphen Notation
Carbon-13
Remind students to include lines. Solids do vibrate IN PLACE!
Mass Number
Element Name

23. EXAMPLE III-01: Determining Subatomic Particles
Element
Symbol
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Hydrogen 1
Boron 5
Gallium
Gold H 1 1 1 B 11 5 6 5 Ga 31 70 31 39 31 Au 79
197 79
118 79

24. EXAMPLE III-02: Shorthand Notations
Element
Symbol
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Nuclear Notation
Hyphen Notation
Hydrogen 1
Boron 5
Gallium
Gold H 1 1 H
Hydrogen-1 B 11 11 5 B
Boron-11 Ga 31 70 70 31 Ga
Gallium-70 Au 79
197
197 79 Au
Gold-197

25. Isotopes…
Just like apples, atoms can come in different varieties called isotopes!

28. Worksheet: GPB 302 On the back of that sheet…
1. Draw and label the parts of a boron atom. Include the mass and charge of each subatomic particle.

29. Physical Science Unit 2: Atomic Structure
Day Three
PNE

30. WKRP: Venus Flytrap

31. Modeling the Atom Activity
Use the Paper plate and cereal to “model” the atom.
Listen to the directions provided by your teacher.
WS III-03 modified on the back

32. Physical Science Unit 2: Atomic Structure
Day Four
Isotopes

33. Isotopes…
Just like apples, atoms can come in different varieties called isotopes!

36. # protons = Atomic number # neutrons = Mass number – Atomic number # electrons = # protons

37. ISOTOPES!!!!
Element
Symbol
Atomic Number
Mass Number
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Hydrogen 1
Boron 5
Gallium
Gold H 3 1 2 1 B 10 5 5 5 Ga 31 72 31 41 31 Au 79
195 79
116 79

38. Physical Science Unit 2: Atomic Structure
Day Five
Ions

39. Electrons
Ions are atoms that have charges.
When atoms lose electrons, they form positive charged ions.
When atoms gain electrons, they form negative charged ions.

40. Physical Science Unit 2: Atomic Structure
Day Six
Bohr Model

41. Bohr’s Model of the Atom
Octet Rule – Atoms are stable when there are eight electrons in outermost energy level
Bohr: Electrons orbit atom in specific energy levels, like planets orbit the sun.

43. IONS Gains 2 e¯ Loses 1 e¯ 8 p+ 8 n0 8 p+ 8 n0
Print this out for the students. Have them label the new charges and what the elements are.
Loses 1 e¯
11 p+
12 n0
11 p+
12n0

45. GPB: Chemistry 303: Electrons in the Atom
Gonna watch the first bit about Bohr’s model