1. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 1 Status of SuperB Project Marcello A. Giorgi Università di Pisa & INFN Pisa VII SuperB Workshop La Biodola May 31,2008

2. Marcello A. Giorgi 2 Since last SuperB workshop IRC meetings Presentations at ECFA Crab waist test in Frascati Valencia Retreat on Physics Program A lot of progress in detector understanding and modeling

3. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 3 SuperB CDR was ready in may 2007 A CDR was delivered to the President of INFN in May 2007. INFN has set up an International Review Committee to evaluate the CDR proposal and in particular the physics program and the machine ideas. The IRC was lead by J.Dainton and formed byH.Aihara, R.D.Heuer, Y.K.Kim, J.Lefrancois, A.Masiero, D.Schulte, A.Seiden. They met in July 07, November 07, and april 29 and 30 2008. Meanwhile the project has been presented to ECFA at Manchester during the july 07 conference of EPS and more recently in the RECFA meeting in Lisbon last march 29, 2008. Rolf Heuer didn’t attend the last meeting and the preparation of the report. T.Nakada and S.Myers have participated to the conclusion.

4. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 4 REPORT IS READY It will be presented Sunday june 1,2008 by J.Dainton at the general meeting of SuperB starting tomorrow may 31 in the Elba (Italy) Mainly focused on Physics program with 10 36, polarization >80% And possibility of running asymmetric at 4 GeV c.m.s. Energy for charm asymmetry in time dependent analysis.

5. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 5 Crab Waist Test (see P.Raimondi talk)

6. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 6 MACHINE: Crab Waist Test with DA Φ NE Tests undergoing in Frascati right now Small angle EMC as luminosity monitor Beam crabbing made by 2 pairs of Sextupoles Crab Sextupoles

7. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 7 DA  NE test summary Crab sextupoles are working very nicely Luminosity stable above 1.5x10 32 reached No “hard to fix” problems found so far, but many more than desired A lot of “single pieces” are working very nicely, need to put all together at the same time Commissioning rate was a factor 2 slower than hoped

8. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 8 Effect of crab sextupoles on luminosity Transverse beam dimensions at the Synchrotron Light Monitor LUMINOMETERS A huge work on machine optimization has been done and is still in progress in term of feedbacks systems tuning, background minimization and tuning of the machine luminosity Blow-up in beam sizes and decrease in Bhabha rates observed when crab sexts for one ring OFF (other ring ON) Crab ON Crab OFF e-e- e+e+ xy

9. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 9 Specific luminosity Specific Luminosity(vs time) does not depends on beam currents headrom for luminosity improvements

10. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 10 MEMO for IRC and P5

11. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 11 SuperB parameters with higher Wall Power Doubling currents with a factor 2 in Wall power we can double the luminosity 150m needed for Polarization LEBHEB Asymmetric bunch size to optimize beam lifetime (Touschek effect)

12. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 12 SuperB expected LUMI After 7 th year integrated Luminosity can grow at rate of  40 ab -1 /year >80ab-1 in 7 th year

13. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 13 From Valencia Retreat (see A.Stocchi talk)

14. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 14 Physics on CDR (comparisons with 50 ab -1 ) More recently update on physics program for 75 ab -1 after the Valencia Physics retreat Update on physics (potential discovery of New Physics with a 75 ab-1 in 5 years ) for B, Charm, Tau’s and new Spectroscopy. Examine carefully the potential benefits of running at 4GeV c.m.s. Energy and of the Polarization. Organize the preparation of the simulation tools to evaluate the correct experimental sensitivity to the most relevant physics channels

15. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 15 GOLDEN MODES for different scenarios X X X- CKM X X X X The GOLDEN channel for the given scenario Not the GOLDEN channel for the given scenario but can show experimentally measurable deviation from SM. X- CKM

16. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 16 Red are LHC+EW constraints+SuperB Blue is LHC alone COMPLEMENTARY FLAVOUR meas. AND LHC IF LHC DISCOVERS SUPERSYMMETRY

17. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 17 TAU LFV (use of polarization) Polarization is only partially used in this estimate. An optimization of the BKG rejection is in progress. But Pol. helps to discriminate models. In some model there is a strong effect on the angular distribution of  from signal:

18. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 18 Comparison with Snowmass points on Tau using also polarization SuperB with 75 ab-1, evaluation assuming the most conservative scenario about syst. errors LFV 1÷2 5  disc

19. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 19 Tau g-2 Start with the expt. with  <1 Make use of all the informations (total x-section,angular distribution, f-b asymmetry. Measure Re and Im parts

20. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 20 CPV in Charm CP violation can be studied in high statistics as: 1.Indirect in the mixing 2.Direct in the decay With very high statistics at Y 4S together with tau and B physics BUT time dependent analysis is needed for CP violation in the interference mixing-decay,for it runs at charm threshold production are needed in asymmetric factory mode. D 0  K + K - and D 0     can be studied with time dependent analysis and  f can be extracted.

21. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 21 On detector (see talk of F.Forti)

22. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 22 Detector Layout – Reuse parts of Babar (or Belle) BASELINE OPTION

23. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 23 Detector R&D Progress Test beam goals for 2008-2010 Silicon Vertex Tracker –MAPS pixel devices: resolution, efficiency, readout speed –Advanced trigger systems (Associative Memories) Drift Chamber –Cell size, shape, and gas mixture Particle ID system (forward system) –Radiators (Aerogel, NaF) –Photon detector (MCP, MAPMTs, SiPM) –Timing for TOF system Electromagnetic Calorimeter –Forw: LYSO Crystals leakage, resolution, mechanical structure –Back: Lead-scintillator calorimeter resolution Instrumented Flux Return –Scintillator, fibers, photon detector, readout electronics –Detection efficiency, time/space resolution Integrated slice –Track trigger, material in front of EMC, timing for TOF, forward PID options Lots of progress R&D technical progress in all detector subsystems Started the definition of strategies for Electronics and DAQ design Large computing effort for simulation Subdetector groups are building up  collaboration SuperB is included in the DevDet FP7 proposal –Improve infrastructure for detector R&D –Mainly focused on improving LNF Beam test facility –Electronics and software network

24. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 24 Progress in simulation Development of both fast (parametrized) and full (Geant4) simulation programs started. Reuse Babar code where possible –Remove dependencies from private Babar code to allow redistribution to outside Babar –Use more modern approach to geometry description (GDML, developed for LHC) Fast simulation targeted at physics benchmarking Geant4 simulation targeted at backgrounds Geant4 Model

25. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 25 GOAL now Setup the structure for TDR – start now Move towards forming collaboration- start now Major goal: DECISION about the approval by next winter.

26. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 26 Committees The SuperB Steering has recently setup 3 ad hoc committees with specific tasks: Resources (chair: M.G., D.Leith) with the task of identifying the human resources required to do the TDR work and then to build SuperB. Outreach (chair:G.Batignani) with the task of developing reference material at different levels for different goals: Scientific for various agencies and for the scientific community outside SuperB Non scientific for publicity in non scientific/ non physics environment as politicians, University managements, media and public opinion. Governance (chair:D.Hitlin) with the task of preparing a recommendation to INFN and the other agencies for reaching a reasonable and true international structure for the SuperB enterprise. Propose the governance for the experiment collaboration. Reports at the end of this 7 th WORKSHOP

27. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 27 Already some activity started! (the easyest) Very preliminary estimate, number of people and time (FTE) InjectorColliderRFVacuumDiagnost.ControlsFeedbackMagnets Layout align. 413.53.5297676.5 Physicists 11210.53221 Engineers 10.51 11122 Designers 10.5 22122 Techn. 10.51 32222

28. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 28 END

29. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 29 ON MACHINE : Guiding principles Flavour Physics was recently in the front line of the stage thanks to the e+ e- factories. What in the next decade will e+ e- factories say about new physics and contribute as complementary to LHC and LHCb ? AND AT WITH A REASONABLE ELECTRICITY BILL! A LOT! Providing they can produce more than 5 10 10 and 10 11 b, c and  pairs in 5 years and from then accumulate 4-5 10 10 more/year.

30. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 30 Luminosity For gaussian bunches: geometrical Reduction factor N e + ( N e - ) is the number of positrons (electrons) in a bunch f coll is the collision frequency σ x (σ y ) is the horizontal (vertical) r.m.s. size at the I.P. R l is the Luminosity Reduction factor by incomplete overlap: crossing angle and “hour glass” effect. TRADITIONAL (brute force): increase the numerator Currents increase: from 1A on 2 A up to 4.1 A on 9.4 A- Wall Plug Power, HOM,CSR: hard to surpass 5 10 35 cm 2 s -1 Crab Crossing to increase R l and to optimize beam dynamic SuperB: decrease the denominator (same currents as PEP-II) Bunch sizes: from σ y = 3μm down to σ y = 40 nm Luminosity: 10 36 cm 2 s -1 ( baseline). Crab Waist and large Piwinsky angle to optimize beam dynamic

31. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 31 Right solution? It appeared as the solution for the high luminosity at a reasonable wall power (≤ 30 MW as in PEPII) BUT: To proceed the validation of simulations was necessary. The large Piwinski angle scheme and crab waist needed to be tested. Preliminary results on test are now available

32. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 32 Crab Waist Crab waist: modulation of the y-waist position, particles collides a same β y realized with a sextupole upstream the IP. Minimization of nonlinear terms in the beam-beam interaction: reduced emittance growth, suppression of betatron and sincro-betatron coupling Maximization of the bunch-bunch overlap: luminosity gain

33. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 33 Large Piwinsky angle Bunches are “long” ( σ z ~ 5 mm), “natural” aspect ratio σ y / σ x ~ 0.5% The collision region is short ( Σ z ~ 400 μm), very small aspect ratio Σ y / Σ x ~ 0.01 %

34. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 34 Machine Parameters (slightly different from CDR) Asymmetric bunch size to optimize beam lifetime (Toushek effect) LEBHEB Circumference in CDR was 2200 m Baseline

35. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 35 MORE.. 200 ab -1 10 ab -1 75ab -1 2 ab -1 2020 204060 40  and  combination exclusion plots in [ M(H + ), tan  BF of B  is higher than B , but With the B beam method and high lumi the use of B  is almost systematic free due to a cleaner identification of the lepton. R= (B  l )/ (B  l  ) SM in 2HDM with m(H + )=500 GeV

36. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 36 ON THE SITE

37. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 37 Background simulation Lattice “MAD” decks can be transformed into G4 geometry –Machine elements and apertures are then introduced into the full simulation for evaluation of backgrounds Touchek background simulation is benchmarked with Dafne results –Good agreement –Optimization of collimators is needed after each lattice adjustement Background rate in the KLOE forward calorimeter vs. position of the internal jaw of a collimator

38. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 38 TOR VERGATA site, close to LNF Ring length =1650m+150m for polarization

39. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 39 Accelerator and site costs Note: site cost estimate not as detailed as other estimates.

40. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 40 Detector cost Note: options in italics are not summed. We chose to sum the options we considered most likely/necessary.

41. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 41 END

42. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 42 BACK UPS

43. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 43 Lattice layout, PEP-II reuse Total length 1800 m 280 m 20 m L mag (m)0.455.4 PEP HER-194 PEP LER194- SBF HER-130 SBF LER22418 SBF Total224148 Needed300 Dipoles L mag (m)0.560.730.430.70.4 PEP HER20282--- PEP LER--353-- SBF HER165108-22 SBF LER8810816522 SBF Total25321616544 Needed51*134044 Quad. Available Needed All PEP-II magnets are used, dimensions and fields are in rangeRF requirements are met by the present PEP-II RF system

44. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 44 END

45. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 45 (B PHYSICS) Comparison 10ab -1 with 75 ab -1 Determination of Susy mass insertion parameter (  13 ) LL with 10 ab -1 and 75 ab -1

46. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 46 END

47. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 47 UTfit as now and with SuperB 1 ab -1 50 ab -1 Triangle vertex Determined by N.P. free processes With 50 ab-1  is measured at 1° level Theoretical uncertainties on sides could be reduced: (V.Lubicz, SuperB IV Villa Mondragone nov.2006) Vub : 2% (excl.) 2% (incl.)Vcb : 1% (excl.) 0.5% (incl.)

48. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 48 Prejudice: if there is New Physics at the TeV scale it must have a flavor/CP structure New heavy quanta can be detected through precision measurement of processes involving loop diagrams Statistics of O(50 ab -1 ) is necessary to reduce the experimental error below the theoretical uncertainty for the most sensitive analyses Physics reach is complementary to LHC-LHCb:  many rare decays are not accessible at LHC;  sensitivity to off-diagonal term of squark mixing matrix,  test of LFV in  decays The case for a high luminosity flavour factory

49. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 49 CPV in rare decays (PENGUINS) ChannelGoal 3 ab -1 10 ab -1 50 ab -1  5% 16%8.7%3.9%  5% 5.7%3%1% 8.2%5%4% SM  2% 11%6%4% SM  5% 1.0%0.5% SM  5% 0.6%0.3%

50. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 50 MEASUREMENT Goal3/ab10/ab50/ab B( B  D*  ) SM: B : 8x10 -3 10.2%5.6%2.5% B( B  s )K,K* SM:Theory ~5% 1 excl: 4x10 -6 ~1 s >3 s >4 s B( B  invisible) <2x10 -6 <1x10 -6 <3x10 -7 B( B d  mm ) ~8x10 -11 <3x10 -8 <1.6x10 -8 <7x10 -9 B( B d  tt ) ~1x10 -8 <1x10 -3 O(10 -4 ) ? B(t  mg ) now< 4.2 10 -8  (few)10 -9 B(t  m Ks) now < 4.910 -8 <10 -9 Rare Decays

51. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 51 b After Valencia Physic Retreat some highlight

52. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 52 Dedicated runs at the tau/charm threshold feasible Electron polarization scheme –Polarized electron source –Electron spin manipulation to provide longitudinal polarization @ IP

53. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 53 DA Φ NE Crab Waist Exp. Tests undergoing in Frascati right now Small angle EMC as luminosity monitor Beam crabbing made by 2 pairs of Sextupoles Crab Sextupoles

54. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 54 Effect of crab sextupoles on luminosity Transverse beam dimensions at the Synchrotron Light Monitor LUMINOMETERS A huge work on machine optimization has been done and is still in progress in term of feedbacks systems tuning, background minimization and tuning of the machine luminosity Blow-up in beam sizes and decrease in Bhabha rates observed when crab sexts for one ring OFF (other ring ON) Crab ON Crab OFF e-e- e+e+ xy

55. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 55 Specific luminosity Specific Luminosity(vs time) does not depends on beam currents headrom for luminosity improvements

56. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 56 Best days SIDDHARTA 90 bunches,  y *= 0.9 cm,  x * = 0.26 m

57. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 57 DA  NE test summary Crab sextupoles are working very nicely Luminosity stable above 1.5x10 32 reached No “hard to fix” problems found so far, but many more than desired A lot of “single pieces” are working very nicely, need to put all together at the same time Commissioning rate a factor 2 slower than we hoped

58. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 58 SuperB expected LUMI After 7 th year integrated Luminosity can grow at rate of  40 ab -1 /year >80ab-1 in 7 th year

59. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 59 MEMO for IRC and P5

60. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 60 Committees The SuperB Steering has recently setup 3 ad hoc committees with specific tasks: Resources (chair: M.G., D.Leith) with the task of identifying the human resources required to do the TDR work and then to build SuperB. Outreach (chair:G.Batignani) with the task of developing reference material at different levels for different goals: Scientific for various agencies and for the scientific community outside SuperB Non scientific for publicity in non scientific/ non physics environment as politicians, University managements, media and public opinion. Governance (chair:D.Hitlin) with the task of preparing a recommendation to INFN and the other agencies for reaching a reasonable and true international structure for the SuperB enterprise. Propose the governance for the experiment collaboration.

61. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 61 Accelerator physicists, and other professionals Very preliminary estimate, number of people and time (FTE) InjectorColliderRFVacuumDiagnost.ControlsFeedbackMagnets Layout align. 413.53.5297676.5 Physicists 11210.53221 Engineers 10.51 11122 Designers 10.5 22122 Techn. 10.51 32222

62. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 62 …and now….

63. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 63 Building a CDR A community was built with some minimal organization to prepare (on request and promotion by the INFN president) a CDR. After 5 workshops (3 in Frascati, 1 in Slac and 1 in Paris with discussions on physics program, machine and detector) the CDR was ready and presented to INFN ad to the Scientific Community.

64. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 64 Summer 2007 IRC appointed by the President of INFN is in place: J.Dainton (Chair) H.Ahiara - Tokyo R.D.Heuer - Desy J.Lefrancois - LAL Y.Kee Kim - Fnal A.Masiero - Padova A.Seiden - Santa Cruz D.Schulte - Cern First Review Meeting in LNF Nov. 12-13, 2007. Second Meeting, in Rome, before the final report Apr. 29-30, 2008.

65. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 65 First IRC meeting 12-13 Nov.2007 In the agenda of the first meeting; Project outlook. Physics program. Detector design. Accelerator Concepts, Parameters, New Ideas. Budget estimate The focus was mostly on Physics and Detector since the accelerator innovative concept was based on simulations, that we intended to validate with a machine experiment at LNF.

66. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 66 Second IRC meeting 29-30 April 2008 In this meeting: Update on physics and detector Update on accelerator Focus on the results from the Frascati tests of Crab Waist principle The written report will be ready in a week from now. First informal outcome very positive!

67. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 67 After the present phase If we receive green light from IRC we would consider ended the CDR phase. The SuperB community is ready to start the organization towards the preparation of a TDR. We need the set up of the structure of the collaboration including governance rules.

68. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 68 After the present phase Build the technical structure for the machine and detector project : Collect resources for the machine design. Organize the project group for site and infrastructure. Organize the detector community for the next steps. Prepare test of subdetectors. Build the s/w tools (not only simulations) for detector optimization and for physics.

69. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 69 After the present phase Machine-Detector-Physics as closely interleaved in SuperB. The coordination of the project as whole is necessary and it will continue in the future. An oversight body reflecting in its composition the international inspiration of the SuperB enterprise would be more than useful. A MAC to periodically monitor the machine progress would be necessary as well as the monitoring of the detector project and construction.

70. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 70 May –June 2008 Mid may 2008- start at SLAC discussion on disassembly including data base of Babar and of the usable components of PEPII. Disassembly of the Babar alone estimated 18 months. IMPORTANT ! Contribution to this phase from engineers of various institutions. End may 2008- Super B meeting at Elba. It will be attended by the Ecfa contact group (Nakada,Karyotakis, Linde, Spaan). End june 2008- accelerator committee as a future MAC (Dorfan committee) will meet in Genova after EPAC with the SuperB proponents.

71. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 71 http://www.pi.infn.it/bfactory/SuperB_elba2008/ Set up Machine organization Preassembly the collaboration of SuperB Project. R E G I S T E R !!

72. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 72 END

73. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 73 Signatures: some numbers 320 Signatures About 85 institutions 174 Babar members –65 non Babar exper. Signatures breakdown by country

74. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 74 5x10 35 cm -2 s -1 is a target luminosity for KEKB upgrade (High current scheme).  x =12 nm optics can be feasible (  x ~2 nm if bends are replaced). Design of the vacuum system is almost completed except for the IR chamber. CSR evaluation not yet. In IR design, there are still things to be fixed, especially, cure of SR fan, beam pipes. Summary Y.Ohnishi ( this conference)

75. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 75

76. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 76 END

77. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 77 HAWAII 2005 II Joint Meeting Babar-Belle on Super BFactory At that time it was clear that: A Super BFactory was not possible in Slac PEPII was not likely running too long The possible road to High Lumi was HIGH CURRENT No technology ready for detectors with expected BKG if luminosity higher than 5 10 35. MORE IMPORTANT: for some of us the needed integrated luminosity to hit the target of New Physics is >50 ab -1 and peak>10 36, better 3-5 times higher. DISTRESS ! ! BUT ! !

78. La Biodola May 31,2008 Marcello A. Giorgi 78 From Linear Super Bfactory to SuperB Initial proposal was very exotic (linear colliding machine with recicling in damping rings), but seemed to us VERY APPEALING FOR PHYSICS since it was promising high lumi with low currents (low BKG and LOW WALL POWER! ) It was unfeasible and after the first 2 SuperB workshops the conceptual design was converging to the present.