2. Youth Quality Assurance…

3. Working together to help youth … National Cattlemen’s Beef Association National Pork Producers Council American Sheep Industry Association American Dairy Goat Association National Poultry & Food Distributors Association American Rabbit Breeders Association National Dairy Council

4. Trade Name Disclaimer Trade or brand names are used for educational purposes only. The use of such product names does not imply endorsement by the West Virginia University Extension Service to the exclusion of other products that may be equally suitable. Best Management Practices Table of Contents

5. A Program for... Youth Animal Projects

6. Quality Assurance (QA) Program Purpose  Make you aware of your responsibilities as a livestock and dairy producer  Best management practices are key to Quality Assurance  Assist you in providing a residue-safe product

7. Six Key QA Responsibilities are: Quality Assurance Animal Care and Ownership Animal Health Human Health Honesty and Sportsmanship Ethics and Conduct

8. Quality Assurance (QA) Responsibilities  Know YOUR job is to provide a safe, wholesome food product to consumers  Understand how to follow labels carefully for every feed additive, medicine, or product used  Develop a close working relationship with your veterinarian

9. Animal Care and Ownership  Remember – You are the primary caregiver for your animal  Provide necessary water, food, and care to protect the health and well-being of your animal  Make timely observations of your animal to ensure basic needs are being met  Cleanliness must be maintained with your animal, facilities, and transportation vehicles

10. Animal Health  Identify types of animal identification and tracking  Know and understand medication labels and feed tags  Administer medications properly  Know the importance of withdrawal times  Avoid drug residues  Develop a proper nutrition and feeding plan  Provide appropriate housing facilities for animals  Implement appropriate biosecurity measures

11. Human Health  Wholesome and Safe Product  Residue avoidance  Foodborne diseases (e.g., E. coli, Salmonella)  Worldwide, 60% of infectious diseases affect both humans AND animals. These are called zoonotic diseases:  Influenza (flu): Birds and pigs  Sore Mouth: Sheep  Ringworm: Cattle and sheep  Rabies: Cattle, sheep, pigs, goats

12. Honesty and Sportsmanship  Honesty is “always doing the right thing and making the right decision with your 4-H and/or FFA project.”  Sportsmanship is about exhibiting livestock with honor.  Read the rules.  If it needs to be a secret, it’s probably wrong.  Is it a fraudulent practice? Does it misrepresent the animal?  Is your action in the best interest of the animal?  Does your action require the granting of “Special Exception”?

13. Ethics and Conduct Learning the six pillars of Character and the relationship to your project and life TrustworthinessRespectResponsibility FairnessCaringCitizenship

14. You Don’t Always Know How Food Products Will Arrive at Your Table …

15. Quality Assurance Best Management Practices Table of Contents (Click on numbered title to view subject details.) 1.Identify and Track All Treated AnimalsIdentify and Track All Treated Animals 2.Maintain Animal Health and Treatment RecordsMaintain Animal Health and Treatment Records 3.Properly Store. Label and Account for all Animal Health Products and Medicated FeedsProperly Store. Label and Account for all Animal Health Products and Medicated Feeds 4.Obtain and Use Only Veterinarian Prescription Drugs Based on a Valid Veterinarian/Client/Patient RelationshipObtain and Use Only Veterinarian Prescription Drugs Based on a Valid Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship 5.Proper Administration TechniquesProper Administration Techniques 6.Use Drug Residue Testing When AppropriateUse Drug Residue Testing When Appropriate 7.Establish an Efficient and Effective Health Management ProgramEstablish an Efficient and Effective Health Management Program 8.Provide Proper Animal CareProvide Proper Animal Care 9.Follow Appropriate Feed Processor ProceduresFollow Appropriate Feed Processor Procedures 10.Complete a Quality Assurance Checklist AnnuallyComplete a Quality Assurance Checklist Annually END SHOW

16. 1. Identify and Track All Treated Animals  Methods of Identification  Animal Tracking – What Information is Needed?  Project Animal Travel Log

17. Methods of Animal Identification  Identify all medicated animals  Identification possibilities: - Tattoo- Tag - Brand- Ear Notch - Electronic ID- Leg band

18. Animal Tracking – What information is Needed? PremisesNumber Date Event Animal ID Number

19. Project Animal Travel Log: Record all movement of your project animals with premises locations Location ExampleOther ID No. Official AINDateEventPremises ID 1 To: J. Mill, WV From: Weston, WV And Return M5028401235556667899/15/04 Fair Weigh-in J. Mill, WV 111A2WW 2 To: J. Mill, WV From: Weston, WV And Return M5028401235556667895/15/05Preview Show J. Mill, WV 111A2WW 3 To: Lewisburg, WV From: Weston, WVM502 840123555666789 7/15/05State Fair Lewisburg, WV 999A2XX 4 To: Gap Run, WV From: Lewisburg, W V And Return M502 840123555666789 7/15/05County Meet Gap Run, WV 333B2XX 5 To: From: Return:

20. Optional Activity 1 Use the following link for: Identification and Tracking Treated Animals QA Activity 1: Identification It’s time to learn how to Identify and Track Treated Animals

21. 2. Maintain Animal Health and Treatment Records  Project Record Requirements  Project Animal Health Plan  Project Animal Health Records Good Production Practice 2

22. Do Your Records … Identify the Treated Animals? Specify Treatment Dates? Name the Animal Health Products Used? Describe the Method of Administration? Include Who Administered the Animal Health Product Give the Amount Administered? Show the Withdrawal Time Period to Harvest? Did You Write the Information on Your Calendar and Project Book?

23. Project Animal Health Plan  Do you have routine animal health practices?  Do your management practices help prevent disease during times when your animals will be under stress of mixing or shipping?  Does your animal qualify for interstate movement?

24. Project Animal Health Records  You should keep written medication records for AT LEAST 24 MONTHS followingmarketing of the medicated livestock.  Your project record book is the perfect place for this information. Keep at Least 24 Months

25. Optional Activity 2 Use the following link to learn about: Medication, Treatment, Records, and Storage QA Activity 2A: Medications QA Activity 2B: Sunscreen You will now learn Proper Medication Treatment Record Keeping and Storage Techniques

26. 3. Properly Store, Label and Account for All Animal Health Products and Medicated Feeds  Product Label Information  Storage, Handling, and Disposal Good Production Practice 3

27. Knowledge of the Information Found on the Label  Read and follow the label directions  Pay close attention to:  Route of Administration  Withdrawal Time  Dosage Rates  Diseases Treated  Species  Expiration Dates  Storage Directions  Avoid contamination of animal health products

28. Examples of Label Types

29. Storage, Handling and Disposal  Store medications as directed on label  Dispose of used syringes and needles properly - Sharps containers - Collected as biohazard materials

30. Storage, Handling and Disposal  Control Temperature of Medication According to Label Instructions  Avoid Prolonged Exposure to Sunlight  Transportation bag  Coolers at site  Store leftover medications properly  Use newly purchased vaccines

31. Optional Activity 3 Use to following link to learn how to read a feed tag, especially withdrawal time prior to slaughter. QA Activity 3: Herd Health, Animal Care, and Feeding Procedures You will learn how to read the parts of a label in this activity

32. 4. Obtain and Use Only Veterinarian Prescription Drugs Based on a Valid Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship Veterinarian/Client/Patient (animal) Relationship = VCPR VCPR exists when your veterinarian knows -- YOU and YOUR ANIMAL

33. Critical Parts of a Valid VCPR VCPR Veterinarian Client Patient (animal) Relationship

34. An Appropriate VCPR will Exist When: Veterinarian has assumed responsibility for making medical judgments regarding the health of your project animal as well as the need for medical treatment, and the caretaker has agreed to follow the veterinarian’s instructions.

35. An Appropriate VCPR will Exist When: Veterinarian has sufficient knowledge of project animal to make a general diagnosis of the animal’s medical condition.

36. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) The Government Agency Responsible for Approval and Regulation of: - Animal Products - Guidelines for the Use of Animal Products

37. Use Only FDA Approved Drugs OTC (over-the-counter) - does not require a prescription Rx (prescription) - can only be used by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian

38. Factors That Determine if a Drug Can Be Obtained Over The Counter Has a Larger Margin of Safety Does Not Require a Prescription Is Safer to Handle by a Consumer

39. Extra-Label Use Remember – Only a veterinarian can change any of the directions on a label. No one can change directions on a feed label.

40. Changing Any of the Following Constitutes “Extra-Label” Usage: Dosage Frequency Route of Administration Treatment Duration Treated Species Disease Treated

41. Optional Activity 4 Use the following link to learn more about: Veterinary/Client/Patient Relationships and Proper Administration of Medications QA Activity 4: VCP Relationship and Proper Administration of Meds You will now learn more about VCPR and the proper way to administer medications

42. 5. Proper Administration Techniques  Types of Delivery Systems  Sanitation is Essential  Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)

43. Types of Delivery Systems  Use triangular areas on the neck  Tent skin to insure proper placement  Use the proper needle size SQ (Subcutaneous) Method

44. Types of Delivery Systems  Use a spot on the neck  Never inject in the stifle or loin area  Use the proper needle size IM (Intramuscular) Method

45. Other Types of Delivery Systems (Veterinary Instruction/Guidance Required) In the abdominal cavity (intraperitoneal - IP) In the vein (intravenous - IV) In the nasal passages (intranasal - IN)

46. Proper Injection Sites IM Injection Point SQ Injection Point IM Injection Point SQ Injection Point

47. Non-Injection Delivery Systems Oral Application Topical Application Drinking Water Application Feed Additive Application

48. Sanitation is Essential  Wipe off the top of vaccine bottles before inserting needles  Don’t put used vaccination needles back into vaccine bottle  Change needles each animal  Discard any needle with a bend or burr  Use a clean injection site  Properly dispose of bottles and other packaging

49. HACCP and Food Safety  A system used in meat packing plants to prevent food safety problems  Regulated by the USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) Hazard Analysis and Analysis and Critical Critical Control Control Points Points

50. Optional Activity 5 Use the following link to learn how to: Give an injection QA Activity 5: Banana Injection Get out the syringe as we learn how to give injections.

51. 6. Use Drug Residue Testing When Appropriate  Residual Screening  Testing

52. Residual Screening Residue screening shall be performed under the supervision of a veterinarian

53. Testing But cannot be used to shorten the labeled withdrawal time

54. Optional Activity 6 Use the following link to learn about: Disappearing Residue QA Activity 6: Disappearing Residue The effects of drug residues are illustrated in this activity.

55. 7. Establish an Efficient and Effective Health Management Program Equals A Healthy Project

56. A Healthy Project Disease Prevention is cheaper than treatment Proper Management can control many Health Problems Review Production and Financial Records

57. Optional Activity 7 Use the following link to learn more about: Monitoring an animal’s health QA Activity 7: Body Temperature, Pulse, Respiration Rate Monitoring health is described in this lesson.

58. 8. Provide Proper Animal Care -- Youth Responsibilities –  Good Husbandry Practices  Animal Care and Ownership Pledge  Quality Facilities Management  Animal Care and Ownership -- Adult Responsibilities –  Animal Care and Ownership

59. Good Husbandry Practices Daily Observation Proper Animal Handling Proper Facilities Clean Water and Nutritionally Balanced Diet Develop Project Health Programs with Veterinary Advice Transport Your Project without Undue Stress

60. Animal Care and Ownership Pledge  I will own and possess my animal by my county’s ownership deadline.  I will feed, water, and care for my own animals each day.  I will present proof of ownership and age of animal if requested.  I will groom my own animals with minimal help from adults.

61. Quality Facilities Management  Keep facilities and equipment in good condition  Watch for nails, loose boards and other hazards that could tear the hide or skin or cause injuries that invite infection  Be sure there is good drainage to avoid standing water and remove excess manure regularly

62. Animal Care and Ownership -- Youth Responsibilities -- Benefits of youth animal programs are only realized when youth do the work Personal responsibility Animal skills Record keeping and analysis

63. Animal Care and Ownership -- Adult Responsibilities -- Appropriate adult and family involvement is important in youth development  Mentoring  Coaching  Demonstrating  Teaching  But NOT DOING

64. Optional Activity 8 Use the following link to learn about: Pen Space and Clean, Dry Facilities QA Activity 8: Tight Spaces Learn more about quality facilities management.

65. 9. Follow Appropriate Feed Processor Procedures  Animal Feeding  Facilities and Equipment

66. Animal Feeding  Importance of quality feed for project animal can’t be over emphasized  Prevent and inspect for feed contamination  Provide reasonable assurance that the feed is prepared accurately  Rations provide animal nutrient requirements

67. Facilities and Equipment  Prevent dust accumulation that could contaminate feeds  Pick up spills  Ensure measuring devices are accurate and suitable for their intended purpose  Design storage areas to avoid accidental contamination of feed with toxic or other non-feed substances  Store feed secure from animals overeating  Protect feed from contamination by birds and rodents

68. Optional Activity 9 Use the following link to learn: Proper Animal Care and Feeding Procedures QA Activity 9: Herd Health, Animal Care, and Feeding Procedures Get out the feed sack as you learn proper feeding procedures.

69. 10. Complete a Quality Assurance Checklist Annually  Annual Review  Commitment to Quality  Quality Assurance

70. Annual Review  Ensures that your livestock products are of the highest quality and produced efficiently  Discuss with your veterinarian newly available animal health care products  Update your facilities as needed  Attend educational programs  Learn about new technology and developments to improve your production systems, nutrition program, and project health

71. Quality Commitment By making a commitment to produce quality products, you provide a service to our customers - and become a trusted supplier. You can help ensure your success in animal agriculture on an individual level.

72. Quality Commitment  More importantly, it sets a standard for quality animal production that upholds the tradition of youth programs, and enhances the reputation of our products – essential ingredients for the continued success of the animal agriculture. Mid-Atlantic youth MUST produce: QUALITY PRODUCTS EXCEEDING CONSUMER EXPECTATIONS.

73. Optional Activity 10 Use the following link to learn more about: Biosecurity QA Activity 10: Biosecurity Learn about biosecurity.

74. Quality Assurance … The commitment to quality begins with YOU. Thank you!