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Published bySara Chambers Modified over 8 years ago
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Is used when referring to an URTI & is self- limited & caused by a virus (viral rhinituis). nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, sore throat & general malaise characterize it. Cold are highly contagious because virus is shed for about two days befot the symptoms appear. 3
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The 6 viruses known to produce S&S of viral rhinitis are rhiniuvirus, parainfluenza virus, corona virus, resp. virus influenza, adenovirus. Each one have multiple strain.(e.g 100 strains of rhinivirus, which account of 50% of al colds. 4
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S&S Nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, nasal discharge, nasal itching, tearing watery eyes, scratchy or sore throat, general malaise. Low grade fever, chills, headache, muscle aches. In some people it exacerbates to herpes simplex. Symptom last 1-2 wk.s. 5
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Consist of symptomatic therapy, no specific treatment. Adequate fluid intake. Rest, increase intake of vitamin C, use expectorant. Warm salt water gargles NSAID as aspirin, ibuprofen relieves the aches, pain, & fever. 6
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Some research suggests Zink lozenges, may decrease duration of cold symptoms if taken within 1st 24 hr.s of onset. Antibiotic should not be used. NSG Manegement ◦ Teach pt. how to break the chain of infection, hand washing (most effective). ◦ Teach method to treat symptom & prevent measure. 7
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The sinuses, mucus lined cavities filled with air that drain normally into the nose, are involved in a high proportion of URTI. If opening to nasal are clear, the infection resolve promptly. Some individual are more prone to sinusitis because of their occupation as paint. 8
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Patghophysiolopgy: Acute sinusitis is an infection of the Para nasal sinuses. It frequently developa as aresult of an URTI. Nasal congestion caused by inflammation, odema, transudation of fluid, lead to obstraction of the sinus cavity.This provide an excellent modium for bacterial growth.. 10
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Bacterial organism account for 60% of acute sinusitis as streptococcus pneumonia, hemophilus influenza, moraxella catarrbalis. Dental infection associated with acute sinusitis 11
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S&S Facial pain, nasal obstruction, fatigue, purulent nasal discharge, fever, headache, facial ear pain & fullness, dental pain, cough, decrease sense pf smell, sore throat, eyelid edema. 12
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History & physical examination. Tenderness over the infected sinus area.transilluminated (decrease transmission of air). Sinus x-ray. (Fluid level, mucosal thikining). Computed tomograghy scanning is most effective DX tool. 13
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Complication: If not treated lead to meningitis brain abscess, ischemic infarction, osteomyelitis, sever orbital cellulites. RX. Goal to treat infection, shrink the nasal mucosa & relieve pain. Antimicrobial, first line…amoxicillin, erythromycin, bactrim…. 14
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Mucolytic agent, decease nasal congestion. Antihistamine If pt. continues to have symptom 7-10 days, the sinuses may need to be irrigated & hospital may be required. NSG Management Teach method to promot drasinage as inhaling system, increase fluid intake, local heat. 15
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