1. AGE OF DISCOVERY/EXPLORATION EUROPEANS EXPLORE THE EAST

2. WHY DO EUROPEANS NEED TO EXPLORE EAST? AFTER THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE CAPTURED CONSTANTINOPLE IN 1453 EUROPEANS NO LONGER HAD ACCESS TO THE SILK ROAD. WHAT WAS TRADED ALONG THE SILK ROAD AGAIN? Silk, Spices, etc.

3. That’s Constantinople!!

4. WHY DO EUROPEANS WANT TO EXPLORE EAST? European Countries wanted wealth. HOW CAN THEY GET RICH? SPICE TRADE!! NUTMEG, CINNAMON, GINGER, PEPPER THESE SPICES ARE IMPORTANT TO EUROPEANS BECAUSE THEY ADD FLAVOR TO THEIR BLAND AND SPOILED FOOD TRADE THROUGH THE SILK ROAD IS NOW CONTROLLED BY THE MUSLIMS, IF EUROPEANS WANT TO GET SPICES THEY HAVE TO PAY THE MUSLIMS…..CUTTING INTO THEIR PROFITS

5. WHY DO EUROPEANS WANT TO EXPLORE EAST? EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ALSO FEEL IT IS THEIR “SACRED DUTY” TO SPREAD CHRISTIANITY TO THE REST OF THE WORLD MISERABLE SOULS IN NEED OF LIGHT

6. WHY DO EUROPEANS WANT TO EXPLORE EAST? EUROPEANS ALSO NOW HAVE ACCESS TO NEW TECHNOLOGIES TO ALLOW FOR BETTER SAILING THE CARAVEL TRIANGULAR SAILS USED TO SAIL BOTH WITH AND AGAINST THE WIND THE CARAVEL GIVES THE CAPTAIN GREATER CONTROL OF HIS ship FROM THE MUSLIMS THE ASTROLABE ALLOWS CAPTAINS TO USE THE STARS TO DETERMINE THEIR LOCATION FROM THE MUSLIMS THE COMPASS I THINK WE ALL KNOW WHAT A COMPASS IS…. FROM THE CHINESE

7. WHY DO EUROPEANS WANT TO EXPLORE EAST? EVERY MOTIVATION CAN BE SUMMARIZED BY THE FOLLOWING LIST GOD GOLD GLORY

8. WHO’S LEADING THE WAY? PORTUGUESE! ONE OF THE MOST INFLUENTIAL “EXPLORERS” FROM PORTUGAL WAS PRINCE HENRY THE NAVIGATOR PRINCE HENRY FOUNDED A NAVIGATION SCHOOL TO TEACH OTHER PORTUGUESE THE ART OF EXPLORATION

9. Henry the Navigator’s School TAUGHT MANY THINGS LIKE CARTOGRAPHY, NAVIGATION, AND SHIP BUILDING. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcdO0QTmxIU

10. WHO’S LEADING THE WAY? USING ALL OF THE KNOWLEDGE PRINCE HENRY BRINGS TO PORTUGAL THROUGH HIS SCHOOL, THE PORTUGUESE SET UP TRADING POSTS ALL ALONG THE AFRICAN COAST. THEY ARE SEARCHING FOR SOMETHING, WHAT IS IT?

11. WHO’S LEADING THE WAY? THE PORTUGUESE ARE NOT HAPPY WITH JUST HAVING TRADING POSTS IN AFRICA, THEY ARE REALLY LOOKING FOR A SEA ROUTE TO INDIA! THEY WANT THOSE SPICES! VASCO DE GAMA IS THE FIRST TO REACH INDIA BY SEA IN 1498 THIS IS MONUMENTAL! PORTUGAL NOW HAS A DIRECT SEA ROUTE STRAIGHT TO THEIR MONEY MAKER

13. The world in 1502

14. WHO’S LEADING THE WAY? NOW THAT PORTUGAL HAS FOUND A DIRECT ROUTE TO INDIA, THEY TAKE CONTROL OF TRADE ROUTES WITH THEIR NAVY THEY TAKE OVER THE SPICE ISLANDS, AND BRING BACK SPICES TO EUROPE AT 20% THE PREVIOUS COST THIS LEAVES MORE ROOM FOR REVENUE (WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?)

15. WHO’S LEADING THE WAY? THE PORTUGUESE ARE NOT THE ONLY ONES LOOKING FOR A SEA ROUTE TO INDIA SPAIN IS ALSO SEARCHING FOR A WAY TO AVOID THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE TWO NOTABLE SPANISH EXPLORERS ARE: CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (MORE ON HIM NEXT CLASS) FERDINAND MAGELLAN

16. WHO’S LEADING THE WAY? MAGELLAN STARTS OUT ON A JOURNEY AROUND THE WORLD BY BOAT HE STARTS OUT WITH 230 MEN AND 5 SHIPS HE SAILS AROUND IN THE PACIFIC FOR MONTHS WITHOUT SEEING LAND (IT’S A PRETTY BIG EMPTY OCEAN) WHEN MAGELLAN AND HIS CREW FINALLY REACHED THE PHILIPPINES THEY ONLY HAD 150 CREW MEMBERS LEFT. AFTER A SERIES OF EVENTS, MAGELLAN ATTACKED A CHIEF WITH HIS CREW AND WAS STABBED WITH A BAMBOO SPEAR AND DIED HIS FLEET CONTINUES ON THEIR JOURNEY AND EVENTUALLY MAKES IT BACK TO SPAIN WITH JUST 1 SHIP LEFT AND 18 MEN.

18. TRADING EMPIRES IN THE INDIAN OCEAN AFTER ALMOST 100 YEARS OF DOMINANCE IN THE INDIAN OCEAN, PORTUGAL IS MUSCLED OUT BY ENGLAND AND THE NETHERLANDS ENGLAND WAS A WEAKER FORCE THAN THE DUTCH (THOSE ARE PEOPLE FROM THE NETHERLANDS) THE DUTCH AND ENGLISH PUSHED THE PORTUGUESE OUT OF THE INDIAN OCEAN AROUND THE 1600’S ONCE THE PORTUGUESE WERE HISTORY, ENGLAND AND NETHERLANDS STARTED FIGHTING THE NETHERLANDS WON OUT OVER THE ENGLISH BECAUSE THEY HAD A RICHER MORE POWERFUL TRADING COMPANY KNOWN AS THE DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY

19. TRADING EMPIRES IN THE INDIAN OCEAN THE DUTCH NOW DOMINATE THE INDIAN OCEAN, WHICH MEANS THEY CONTROL THE TRADE OF WHAT? HOW DOES THIS HELP THE POWER OF THE DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY?

20. TRADING EMPIRES IN THE INDIAN OCEAN WHEN ENGLAND FAILED TO DOMINATE THE ENTIRE INDIAN OCEAN, THEY SET THEIR SIGHTS ON A MUCH SMALLER PRIZE, INDIA ENGLAND QUICKLY SET UP TRADING POSTS IN INDIA, AND EVENTUALLY CONTROLLED THE ENTIRE COUNTRY. IT WOULD PROVE TO BE VERY PROFITABLE AND BECOME KNOWN AS THE “JEWEL IN THE CROWN”