1. DATA TOOLS FOR UNDERSTANDING COMMUNITIES FOCUS ON LATAH COUNTY JOE VANDAL Extension Educator

2. POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS ♦ Population ♦ Migration & natural change ♦ Hispanic origin ♦ Race ♦ Age

3. Population Latah County does not have a fast growing population compared to the state as a whole.  Gained 10,027 residents between 1970 and 2000, and lost 221 residents between 2000 and 2005  Decreased by only 0.6 percent between 2000 and 2005, compared to a 10.4 percent increase in Idaho as a whole  Was only the 35 th fastest growing county out of Idaho's 44 counties  Had higher rates of growth in the 1970s and 1990s than in the 1980s Source: US Census Bureau

4. Population growth 1970-2005 Source: US Census Bureau

5. Percent population change 2000-2005 Source: US Census Bureau

6. Migration and natural change From 2000 to 2005, Latah County...  Lost 1,192 residents through net out-migration.  Had a net migration rate of -3.4 percent compared to 5.9 percent for Idaho Net migration, or the difference between how many people moved in and how many moved out, is one part of population change. The other part is natural change, or the difference between births and deaths. From 2000 to 2005, Latah County...  Grew by 1,027 residents due to natural change  Had a natural change rate of 2.9 percent compared to 4.6 percent for Idaho Source: US Census Bureau

7. Net migration rate 2000-2005 Source: US Census Bureau

8. Hispanic origin Latah County has a small Hispanic population compared to other parts of the state:  Hispanic residents made up 2.4 percent of the population in 2004, compared to 8.9 percent of the total in Idaho and 14.1 percent in the U.S.  The number of Hispanic residents is growing in Latah County, from 302 in 1980, to 449 in 1990, and 851 in 2004 Source: US Census Bureau

9. Hispanic Origin 2004

10. Race Latah County has a relatively small non-white population:  People who identified themselves as being a race other than white made up 5.5 percent of the population in 2004, compared to 4.5 percent of the total in Idaho and 19.6 percent in the U.S.  The largest racial group in 2004—other than white—was made up of people who classified themselves as being Asian / Pacific Islanders Source: US Census Bureau

11. Age Latah County has a large working age population that has been growing slightly:  19.2 percent of the population was under 18 in 2004, compared to 26.7 percent of the total in Idaho and 25.0 percent in the U.S.  70.9 percent of the population was 18 to 64 years old in 2004, compared to 61.9 percent of the total in Idaho and 62.7 percent in the U.S.  10.0 percent of the population was 65 or older in 2004, compared to 11.4 percent of the total in Idaho and 12.4 percent in the U.S.  The median age in 2000 was 27.9, compared to 33.2 in the state as a whole. Source: US Census Bureau

12. Age Source: US Census Bureau

13. INCOME AND POVERTY ♦ Poverty rate, overall ♦ Poverty rate, by age ♦ Income below 200% poverty level ♦ Median household income ♦ Per capita income ♦ Personal income by source ♦ Reduced-price school lunch program

14. Poverty rate, overall The poverty rate is the percentage of people living below the poverty level or “threshold.” Each year, the U.S. Office of Management and Budget establishes a series of poverty thresholds for different family sizes and ages of household heads. Among Latah County residents, the overall poverty rate...  Was 14.0 percent in 2003, 16.7 percent in 1999, and 18.5 percent in 1989  Was the 8 th highest rate out of the 44 counties in 2003 Source: US Census Bureau

15. Poverty rate, overall, 2003 Source: US Census Bureau

16. Child poverty rate Among Latah County's residents, the poverty rate for people under 18...  Was 14.2 percent in 2003, up from a low of 10.2 percent in 1999, but lower than 1989's 15.5 percent  Was the 9 th lowest rate out of Idaho's 44 counties in 2003 Source: US Census Bureau

17. Elderly poverty rate The poverty rate for people 65 and over...  Was 5.4 percent in 1999, down from 9.9 percent in 1989  Was the 3 rd lowest rate out of Idaho's 44 counties in 1999 Source: US Census Bureau

18. Income below 200% poverty level While the poverty rate is the percentage of people living below the poverty level, it does not capture the entire population that struggles to make ends meet. Looking at the percent of the population with incomes below 200%, or twice, the poverty level can give a more complete picture of how many people have low incomes. In Latah County, the percent of the population with incomes below 200% of the poverty level...  Was 37.1 percent in 1999, compared to 40.4 percent in 1989  Was the 33rd highest rate out of Idaho's 44 counties in 1999 Source: US Census Bureau

19. Median household income Median household income is the level of income at which half the population has lower incomes and half has higher incomes. Real median household income means the data have been adjusted for inflation. In Latah County, real median household income (adjusted for inflation)...  Was $37,701 in 2003, down slightly from $38,129 in 1999, and up from $35,651 in 1989  Was 21 st highest out of Idaho's 44 counties in 2003 Source: US Census Bureau

20. Median household income, adjusted for inflation, 2003 Source: US Census Bureau

21. Per capita income Per capita income is the “mean” or average income received by individuals, that is, total income divided by total number of people. Real per capita income means the data have been adjusted for inflation. Latah County's real per capita income, adjusted for inflation...  Was $26,594 in 2003, compared to $27,494 in Idaho, and $33,406 in the U.S.  Has grown by 78.2 percent since 1969 when it was $14,923  Was 8 th highest out of Idaho's 44 counties in 2003 Source: US Census Bureau

22. Per capita income, adjusted for inflation, 2003 Source: US Census Bureau

23. Personal income by source Individuals and households get their income from three main sources: 1) net earnings; 2) dividends, interest, and rent (income from investments); and 3) transfer payments (for example, Social Security or Unemployment Compensation). Among Latah County residents in 2003...  Net earnings made up 66 percent of personal income, down from 76 percent in 1969  Dividends, interest and rent made up 21 percent of personal income, an increase from 16 percent in 1969  Transfer payments made up 13 percent of personal income, an increase from 8 percent in 1969 Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

24. Reduced price school lunch The National School Lunch Program provides low cost or free lunches to K-12 students, based on the student’s family size and income. Children from families with incomes at or below 130 percent of the poverty level are eligible for free meals. Those with incomes between 130 and 185 percent of the poverty level are eligible for reduced-price meals. The percent of students eligible for free or reduced-price lunches is often used as a measure of children’s economic well-being. Not all schools participate in the program. In Latah County school districts... Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

25. EMPLOYMENT ♦ Unemployment rate ♦ Number of jobs ♦ Wage per job ♦ Employment by industry ♦ Self-employment rate ♦ Labor force participation rate

26. Unemployment rate People are counted as unemployed if they are at least 16 years old, are without a job and available for work, and have recently made specific efforts to find employment. The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percent of the entire labor force. Latah County had an unemployment rate of 4.5 percent in January, 2006, compared to 4.4 percent in Idaho, and 4.7 percent in the U.S. as a whole. Latah County's average annual unemployment rate in 2004...  Was 3.7 percent, up slightly from 3.3 percent in 2003  Was consistently lower than the state and national rates from 1991-2004  Ranked 29 th —from highest to lowest—out of Idaho’s 44 counties Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics

27. Unemployment rate Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics

28. Unemployment rate Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics

29. Number of jobs The number of jobs includes private and public, full-time and part-time, and self- employment, as well as wage and salary employment. In Latah County, the number of jobs...  Was 21,145 in 2003, compared to 9,124 in 1969  Ranked 9th—from most to least—among the 44 counties in 2003  Increased from 1969 to 2003 by 132 percent, compared to 157 percent in Idaho Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

30. Wage per job Wage per job refers to the average annual wage or salary per job, or in other words, all wage and salary payments divided by the total number of jobs. Real wage per job means the data have been adjusted for inflation. The real wage per job in 2004 in Latah County...  Was $24,947, up from $23,065 a decade earlier;  Was lower than the both the Idaho and national averages;  Ranked 24 th —from highest to lowest—out of Idaho’s 44 counties. Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

31. Wage per job, adjusted for inflation, 2004 Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

32. Employment by industry 2003 Employment by industry data tell how the local economy is structured. Industry data released from 2001 on are based on the U.S. Census Bureau's North American Industrial Classification System, or NAICS. In Latah County in 2003, the top five industries were:  Government (33.9 percent of Latah County's 21,145 jobs)  Retail trade (12.7 percent)  Accommodation and food services (8.0 percent)  Health care and social assistance (7.7 percent)  Professional and technical assistance (7.4 percent) Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

33. Employment by industry 2001-2003 Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

34. Employment by industry 1969-2000 Employment by industry data tell how the local economy is structured. Industry data released up until 2000 were based on the U.S. Census Bureau's Standard Industrial Classification System, or SIC. In Latah County in 2000, the top three industries were:  Government (35.0 percent of Latah County's 20,337 jobs)  Services (22.6 percent)  Wholesale and retail trade (20.7 percent) Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

35. Self-employment rate The self-employment rate is the percent of all employed people who have their own businesses (“proprietors”) as opposed to working for someone else in return for wages or salary. Idaho typically has a higher self-employment rate than the nation as a whole. In 2003, the self-employment rate in Latah County...  Was 22.1, compared to 22.6 in 1999 and 21.6 in 1989  Was lower than the rate for Idaho and higher than that for the U.S.  Was only the 35 th highest rate of Idaho's 44 counties Source: US Bureau of Economic Analysis

36. Labor force participation rate The labor force participation rate is the proportion of people age 16 years and older who are employed or available for work. It is one indication of whether more people might be drawn into the labor force if wages were higher. In 2000, the labor force participation rate in Latah County...  Was 65 percent, which was 3 percentage points higher than in 1990  Was lower than Idaho's rate and higher than the rate for the U.S.  Was the 16 th highest rate out of Idaho's 44 counties Source: US Census Bureau

37. HOUSING ♦ Total housing units ♦ Value of owner occupied housing

38. Total housing units The Census Bureau defines a housing unit as a house, an apartment, a mobile home or trailer, a group of rooms, or a single room occupied as separate living quarters (or if vacant, intended as separate living quarters). Housing units are classified as being occupied – either by owners or renters – or vacant. In Latah County...  The number of housing units increased by 25.7 percent from 1980 to 2000, compared to an increase of 40.7 percent in Idaho  In 2000, 55.4 percent of all housing units were owner occupied, 38.9 percent were occupied by renters, and 5.6 percent were vacant  Had the 10 th largest number of occupied housing units among Idaho's 44 counties Source: US Census Bureau

39. Value of owner-occupied housing The value of owner-occupied housing is the census respondent's estimate of how much the property (house and lot, mobile home and lot, or condominium unit) would sell for if it were for sale. The median value is the level at which half the housing units have a higher value and half have a lower value. Real median value means the data have been adjusted for inflation. The real median value of owner-occupied housing in Latah County...  Was $143,368 in 2000, compared to $120,570 in Idaho and $135,655 in the U.S.  Increased by 21.0 percent from 1980 to 2000, compared to a 10.8 percent increase in Idaho and a 21.0 percent increase in the U.S.  Was the 4 th highest median value out of Idaho's 44 counties in 2000. Source: US Census Bureau

40. FAMILY / KIDS ♦ Household types ♦ Teen birth rate ♦ Teens unemployed & not in school

41. Household type A household is a person or group of people who occupy a housing unit. The householder is the person in whose name the housing unit is owned, being bought, or rented. A family household consists of the householder and one or more people related to the householder. It may also include people unrelated to the householder. A nonfamily household consists of a person living alone or a householder who shares the home with nonrelatives only. In Latah County... ♦ Family households made up 59.5 percent of the total in 2000, compared to 71.5 percent in Idaho and 68.1 percent in the U.S. ♦ Since 1980, family households have decreased as a proportion of the total ♦ Single women with children made up 4.0 percent of all households in 2000, compared to 5.8 percent in Idaho and 7.2 percent in the U.S. ♦ Adults age 65 or older who lived alone made up 6.3 percent of the total in 2000, compared to 8.3 percent in Idaho and 9.2 percent in the U.S. Source: US Census Bureau

42. Teen birth rate The teen birth rate is calculated by dividing the number of births to females age 15-17 by the number of females in that age group and then multiplying the result by 1,000. In counties with relatively few people, a small change in the number of teen births may have a significant effect on rates from year to year. In Latah County...  The teen birth rate in 2003 was 4 per 1,000, compared to 17 per 1,000 in Idaho and 22 per 1,000 in the U.S.  There were 2 births to females age 15-17 in 2003 and 4 in 1998 Source: Idaho Dept. of Health & Welfare

43. Teens unemployed and not in school Teenagers who are neither working, looking for work, nor in school are usually “hanging out” with nothing to do and no place to go. The decennial census – conducted every ten years – provides information on this group of youth. In Latah County...  Teens who were not working, not looking for work, or not in school made up 1.8 percent of all youth age 16-19 in 2000, compared to 7.8 percent in Idaho  The proportion of teens in this group was down from 4.9 percent in 1980 Source: US Census Bureau

44. EDUCATION ♦ Educational attainment ♦ High school dropout rate ♦ Student teacher ratio

45. Educational attainment Latah County has an increasingly well-educated population:  9.0 percent of the population 25 years and older in 2000 had no high school diploma, compared to 15.3 percent in Idaho and 19.6 percent in the U.S.  41.0 percent had a bachelor’s degree or higher, compared to 21.7 percent in Idaho and 24.4 percent in the U.S. Source: US Census Bureau

46. High school drop out rate A high school drop out is a person who was enrolled in school at some time during the previous school year but wasn’t enrolled at the beginning of the current year. In addition, he or she has not graduated from high school or completed a state- or district-approved educational program. Finally, he or she has not transferred to another school and is not absent due to suspension, illness, or death. The high school drop out rate is the proportion of students in grades 9-12 who are drop outs in a given year. Not all districts provide drop out information to the National Center for Education Statistics. High school drop out rates in Latah County school districts are lower than state- level rates: Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

47. Student-teacher ratio The student-teacher ratio is calculated by dividing the number of full time equivalent teachers by the total number of students. Not all districts provide information to the National Center for Education Statistics. Student-teacher ratios in Latah County school districts are consistently lower than state-level rates: Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

48. HEALTH ♦ Late or no prenatal care ♦ Low birth weight babies ♦ Infant mortality ♦ Number of physicians

49. Late or no prenatal care Late prenatal care is the care received starting in the third trimester of pregnancy. This indicator measures live births to mothers receiving no prenatal care in the first or second trimesters of pregnancy. The indicator is calculated by dividing the number of women who receive late or no prenatal care by the number of live births and then multiplying the result by 100. In counties with relatively few people, a small number of women who receive late or no prenatal care may have a significant effect on percents from year to year. In Latah County...  The percent was 1.0 in 2003, compared to 3.3 percent in Idaho and 3.5 percent in the U.S.  4 women who gave birth in 2003 received late or no prenatal care, compared to 8 in 1998 Source: Idaho Dept. of Health & Welfare

50. Low birth weight babies A low birth weight is under 2,500 grams, or roughly 5 lbs 8 oz. The percent of low birth weight babies is calculated by dividing the number of low birth weight babies by the number of live births and multiplying the result by 100. In counties with relatively few people, a small number of low birth weight babies may have a significant effect on percents from year to year. In Latah County...  4.8 percent of babies had low birth weights in 2003, compared to 6.5 percent in Idaho and 7.9 percent in the U.S.  19 babies had low birth weights in 2003, compared to 13 in 1997 Source: Idaho Dept. of Health & Welfare

51. Infant mortality rate An infant is a child under one year of age. The infant mortality rate is calculated by dividing the number of infant deaths by the number of live births and multiplying the result by 1,000. In counties with relatively few people, a small number of infant deaths may have a significant effect on rates from year to year. In Latah County...  The infant mortality rate was 10 per 1,000 in 2003, compared to 6 per 1,000 in Idaho and 7 per 1,000 in the U.S.  4 infants died in 2003, compared to 3 in 1997 Source: Idaho Dept. of Health & Welfare

52. Number of physicians This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of physicians (in the field of patient care but not employed by the federal government) by the population. We then multiply the result by 1,000. In counties with relatively few people, a small change in the number of physicians may have a significant effect on rates from year to year. In Latah County...  There were 1.0 physicians per 1,000 population in 2002, compared to 1.5 per 1,000 in Idaho and 2.3 per 1,000 in the U.S.  There were 36 physicians in 2002, compared to 36 in 1996. Source: American Medical Association

53. CRIME AND SAFETY ♦ Juvenile arrests ♦ Violent crimes reported ♦ Total crimes reported ♦ Number of police officers

54. Juvenile arrests Juveniles are youths aged 10-17. This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of arrests of juveniles for serious crimes by the number of juveniles and multiplying the result by 10,000. Serious crimes include murder and non-negligent manslaughter, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. In counties with relatively few people, a small change in the number of juvenile arrests may have a significant effect on rates from year to year. In Latah County...  The rate in 2002 was 135 per 10,000 juveniles, compared to 234 in Idaho and 125 in the U.S.  The rate decreased by 56 percent from 1990 to 2002. This compares to a decrease in Idaho of 46 percent and a decrease in the U.S. of 59 percent *Not all states and counties have data for all years. Source: FBI Uniform Crime Reports

55. Violent crimes reported This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of reported incidences of violent crimes by the population and then multiplying the result by 10,000. Violent crimes include murders and non- negligent manslaughter, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. In counties with relatively few people, a small change in the number of violent crimes reported may have a significant effect on rates from year to year. (See the note about data comparability below.) In Latah County...  The rate in 2002 was 10 per 10,000 population, compared to 25 in Idaho and 50 in the U.S.  The rate increased by 14 percent from 1990 to 2002. This compares to a decrease of 7 percent in Idaho and a decrease of 32 percent in the U.S. Source: FBI Uniform Crime Reports

56. Total crimes reported This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of total reported incidences of serious crimes by the population and then multiplying the result by 10,000. Total—or serious—crimes include violent crimes (murders and non-negligent manslaughter, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and non- violent crimes (burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft). In counties with relatively few people, a small change in the number of serious crimes reported may have a significant effect on rates from year to year. In Latah County...  The rate in 2002 was 226 per 10,000 population, compared to 317 in Idaho and 412 in the U.S.  The rate decreased by 10 percent from 1990 to 2002. This compares to a decrease of 21 percent in Idaho and a decrease in the U.S. of 29 percent Source: FBI Uniform Crime Reports

57. Number of police officers This indicator is calculated by dividing the number of sworn police officers by the total population and then multiplying the result by 1,000. According to the FBI, sworn officers meet the following criteria: “they work in an official capacity, they have full arrest powers, they wear a badge (ordinarily), they carry a firearm (ordinarily), and they are paid from governmental funds set aside specifically for payment of sworn law enforcement representatives.” In counties with relatively few people, a small change in the number of officers may have a significant effect on rates from year to year. In Latah County...  The rate in 2004 was 1.7 per 1,000 population, compared to 1.8 in Idaho and 2.3 in the U.S. Source: FBI Uniform Crime Reports

58. Contact Information: Joe Vandal University of Idaho Extension, Latah County (208) 885-1111 govandals@uidaho.edu