1. Economic Transformations 1450 - 1750

3. Zheng He Engineering an empire China trade policy drastically changes in 1433 Internal power struggle Cost of maintaining the fleet Cost of building new capitol and palace Cost of the expansion of the Great Wall China was abundant in resources so there was a lack of incentive to explore Big What If Moment In History

4. Portugal was the early leader in the Age of Exploration In Portugal, Prince Henry the Navigator started a school of navigation to train sailors He brought in Europe’s best map-makers, ship-builders, & sailing instructors He wanted to discover new territories, find a quick trade route to Asia, & expand Portugal’s power

5. Vasco da Gama Vasco da Gama was the 1 st explorer to find a direct trade route to Asia by going around Africa to get to India Portugal gained a sea route to Asia that brought them great wealth Prince Henry’s navigation school & willingness to fund voyages led the Portuguese to be the 1 st to explore the west coast of Africa

6. What do you trade when you don’t have anything worth trading? Indian ocean ships didn’t have weapons. Portuguese took advantage of this

7. Statement from the King of Mombasa to a neighboring city about the Portuguese “This is to inform you that a great lord has passed through the town, burning it and laying it waste. He came to the town in such strength and was of such a cruelty that he spared neither man nor woman, or old nor young – nay, not even the smallest child…… Nor can I ascertain nor estimate what wealth they have taken from the town”

8. Trading Post Empire Portuguese created a TPE in the Indian Ocean Not after land or population but key trading locations

9. Guess what? Your stuff is still crap! Ended up selling their shipping service By 1600 Portuguese start loosing control Overextended Rising Asian powers (Mughal, Japan, Burma and others) Rest of Europe says “who are you to keep us out little man?”

10. Spain and the Philippines 1 st encountered by Magellan No central authority Good location Bloodless takeover Major missionary effort Local customs decimated Periodic expulsion and massacres of Chinese that lived there 20,000 in 1603

11. The Dutch East India Co Took over by force Killed or enslaved the people Replaced them with Dutch planters Private company Backed by Dutch military Forced all to trade only with Dutch 14 to 17 X profit Took over Taiwan Could not completely subdue Opened it to Chinese Chinese culture replaces indigenous https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zPIhMJGWiM8

12. British East India Co. Bribe and buy rights to trading posts on the Indian coast from Mughals Mughals are too strong to take the interior 3 major trading ports Bombay (Mumbai) Calcutta Madras Shift their concentration from spices to cotton.

13. What was going on with the Big Asian powers? Japan takes Portuguese in then kicks them out Europe pretty much a minor player still to the big powers.

14. Shade in the territories on the colonial map that you already started Place these trade ports in your map Cape TownMadras LuandaCalcutta BombayMombasa GoaManilla CantonMalacca HormuzCanton AdenDeshima Label these locations Madagascar Africa Arabia India China Philippines Japan Borneo Sumatra Java Bodies of Salt Water