1. Ethics Computer Literacy

2. Ethics Definition “the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group” —(Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 2001) right wrong In general, ethics are the rules of right and wrong behavior

3. Ethics vs. Laws Ethics and laws are not the same

4. Laws Established to protect software developers and users Have penalties associated with them If you don’t obey the law, you are punished

5. Ethics Based on principles and values No “global punishment” for ethics violation However, companies, schools, etc. may have rules that, if violated, have punishments associated with them

6. Copyright Rights possessed by the author of a work Copying Reselling Leasing Distributing Publicly Displaying Transferring the Copyright

7. Having a copyright prohibits others from exercising these rights without permission

8. DMCA Digital Millennium Copyright Act Any software or data created with a computer is owned by its creator and is automatically copyrighted as soon as it is in any tangible form “Tangible” means it is recorded somehow © copyright symbol Unless there is notice specifically granting permission to copy, software cannot be legally copied License agreements

9. Software Licensing License agreements are contracts between the purchaser and the copyright owner

10. Interesting Fact When you buy software, you are not buying the software itself, you are buying permission to use the software. The copyright owner still owns the software license The permission you buy is called a license

11. Public Domain License Not protected by copyright law Created with public funds or creator has forfeited rights of ownership Rare Often unreliable or of poor quality

12. Freeware License Copyrighted software that is licensed to be copied and distributed without charge Pegasus Mail Netscape Internet Explorer Adobe Acrobat Reader Prohibits sale or modification of the software High quality

13. Shareware License Same as freeware, except the software is licensed for copying and sharing without charge, but only for evaluation purposes Anyone who decides to use the software long- term has to pay a fee Receive documentation A more powerful version Some other enticement Programmed to turn itself off after 30 days

14. All Rights Reserved (Commercial) Software Licensed for use only by purchasers Microsoft Word Java PhotoShop Windows XP PageMaker

15. Software Piracy Illegal copying of software Estimated loss worldwide $39 billion per year Conviction on the first offense $250,000 fine 5 years in jail

16. Giving Credit Where Credit is Due Copyright laws all have “free use” provisions that allow you to paraphrase or quote small portions of someone else’s work, provided that you give proper credit to the author for the material you use

17. Plagiarism A form of fraud Fraud is the act of deceiving or misrepresenting —(Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary, 2001)

18. Acceptable Use Policy AUP’s are legal documents that should be understood and followed Governs the use of the computers and networks owned by an institution Outlines what types of uses are acceptable and which are prohibited

19. Scenario #1 Jill just purchased a new game for her computer. Bill loves it and wants a copy. He asks Jill if he can borrow the CD and load the game on his computer. Is this legal under current copyright laws?

20. Solution ownerof the copyright Copyright allows the owner of the copyright to “distribute or lend” the program. Jill does not own the copyright; she owns a copy of the software. She cannot lend it to Bill to load on his machine. If Jill would read her “License Agreement,” she would know exactly what is right and wrong regarding copying this software.

21. Scenario #2 A student is working on a class assignment. The student does not have the software used at school on her home computer. The student asks her teacher for a copy of the software to take home so she can complete the assignment Is this ethical?

22. Solution Since the software is licensed to the school, this is NOT legal or ethical!!

23. Scenario #3 Randy wrote a paper for his Geography class about the Grand Teton Mountains. He found some information on the web that worked well into his paper. He did not intend to claim the information as his own, but he did not mention in his paper where he got the information Is this okay?

24. Solution He should have quoted the material and then referenced the site from which the material was taken. This is true, even when the information used is found on the World Wide Web.

25. Scenario #4 Ben is finished with his assignment and wants to get online and send a message to a friend. The school’s AUP states that chatting is not allowed on school computers because too many unsafe situations occur in chat rooms. Ben isn’t planning on using a public chat room. Is he breaking the school’s AUP if he chats? Is he breaking the school’s AUP if he uses texting instead of chat room?

26. Solution If the AUP does not distinguish between public and private chat, chatting is NOT allowed.