2. Latitude, Longitude, and Time

3. Coordinate System A system used for determining the coordinates of a point. Coordinates = Numbers The system used to locate points on Earth is called the latitude and longitude system.

4. Latitude The angular distance north or south of the Equator. –Measured in degrees N or S. –There are 90° N and 90° S totaling 180 °. –Each degree has 60’ (minutes). The Equator is the middle line of latitude between the North and South Poles. –Equator = 0° latitude

7. Longitude The angular distance E or W of the prime meridian. –Measured in ° E or ° W. –There are 180° E and 180° W totaling 360 °. –Each ° has 60’ (minutes.) Each meridian (line of longitude) connects the North and South Poles.

8. Longitude Cont... The meridian that passes through Greenwich, England is the Prime Meridian. –Prime Meridian = 0° longitude The meridian that is 180° is the international date line.

12. Draw and label the EQUATOR. EQUATOR 0° Latitude!

13. Draw and label the PRIME MERIDIAN. PRIME MERIDIANPRIME MERIDIAN 0° Longitude!

14. Draw and label the TROPIC OF CANCER. TROPIC OF CANCER 23.5° N Latitude!

15. Draw and label the TROPIC OF CAPRICORN. TROPIC OF CAPRICORN 23.5° S Latitude!

16. Draw and label the ARCTIC CIRCLE. ARCTIC CIRCLE 66.5° N Latitude!

17. Draw and label the ANTARCTIC CIRCLE. ANTARCTIC CIRCLE 66.5° S Latitude!

18. Label the NORTH WEST Quadrant. PRIME MERIDIANPRIME MERIDIAN EQUATOR Label it N & W. N W

19. Label NORTH EAST. PRIME MERIDIANPRIME MERIDIAN EQUATOR Label it N & E. N W N E

20. Label SOUTH EAST. PRIME MERIDIANPRIME MERIDIAN EQUATOR Label it S & E. N W N E S E

21. Label SOUTH WEST. PRIME MERIDIANPRIME MERIDIAN EQUATOR Label it S & W. N W N E S E S W

23. Exercise #8 Directions Part A: Determine the latitude and longitude of each point on the map. –Use N or S for latitude –Use E or W for longitude Part B: Plot points W, X, Y, and Z using the given latitude and longitude.

24. Part A: Determine the Lat. & Long. of each point. 1.Point A = Lat._______ Long._______ 2.Point B = Lat._______ Long._______ 3.Point C = Lat._______ Long._______ 4.Point D = Lat._______ Long._______ Part B: Plot points W, X, Y, & Z 5. W = 10* S, 40* W 6.X = 0*, 140* W 7.Y = 40* N, 100* W 8.Z = 80* N, 0* A. B. C. D. 30° S 60° E 30° S60° E

25. Polaris (North Star) The altitude (height) of Polaris = your LATITUDE on Earth. –Ex. Polaris is 20° above the horizon, therefore the latitude of the observer is 20°N.

26. As latitude increases, altitude of Polaris ____________. Latitude Altitude of Polaris increases

27. Hop on board!

28. First stop, Central Park, NY!

29. Big Dipper Polaris Pointer Stars

30. Central Park, New York = 41 o N Big Dipper Polaris Pointer Stars 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 Measure the altitude of Polaris.

31. What is the latitude of Central Park? Central Park, New York = 41 o N

32. Let’s travel to Tampa, Florida!

33. Tampa, Florida 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Big Dipper Polaris Pointer Stars Measure the altitude of Polaris. = 27°N

34. What is the latitude of Tampa? Tampa, Florida = 27 o N

37. Time There are 24 different time zones on Earth.

38. Time Cont… Each time zone is approximately 15 degrees of LONGITUDE apart. –360° ÷ 24hr = 15°/hr The Earth rotates on its axis 15°/hr –15° × 24 hr = 360°/day = 1 rotation/day This causes the sun to appear to move across the sky 15°/hr