1. Information Overload Syndrome 1

2. Stress management Biofeedback Cognitive therapy Social support Spirituality medicine 2

3. Our ability to influence our psychical state with our mental attitude, thoughts and emotions play a powerful and direct role in shaping our body’s health. Mind body medicine is the study of that complex interconnection. 3

4. 4

5. Bottom up Top down 5

6. A molecular biology of individual brain cells and the complex biochemistry by which these neurons signal one a another 6

7. How the previous parts of the brain and nervous system are wired together, and how they interact 7

8. 8

9. Stress reaction Affect Behavior Cognition 9

10. The first step is becoming aware that you are stressed. 10

11. Exaggeration Black and white thinking Focusing on the negative Assuming the worst Discounting the positive 11

12. Labeling yourself negatively Drawing negative conclusions Allowing emotions to ride Applying rigid rules to yourself and others Making things personal 12

13. 13

14. Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 14

15. 15

16. Specific unconscious conflicts produce physical disturbances symbolizing repressed psychological conflicts Conceptualized by Sigmund Freud Gave rise to psychosomatic medicine 16

17. Specific illnesses are produced by people’s internal conflicts Perpetuated in the work of Dunbar and Alexander Linked patterns of personality to specific illnesses Criticism - Conflict or personality type is not sufficient to produce illness 17

18. Health and illness are consequences of the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors Advantages Maintains the macrolevel and microlevel processes continually interact to influence health and illness Emphasizes both health and illness Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors is seen as influencing the development of the individual 18

19. 19

20. 20

21. 21

22. 22

23. Process of diagnosis can benefit from understanding the interacting role of biological, psychological, and social factors Significance of the relationship between patient and practitioner is made clear which improves: Patient’s use of services Efficacy of treatment Rapidity with which illness is resolved 23

24. Purpose - To see how completely the mind and body are intertwined in health Sudden nocturnal deaths among male refugees from Southeast Asia after the Vietnam war Occurred in the first few hours of sleep Autopsies revealed no specific cause of death Reasons Genetic susceptibility 24

25. 25

26. 26

27. Victims were overwhelmed by: Cultural differences Language barriers Difficulties finding satisfactory jobs Immediate trigger provided by: Family argument Violent television Frightening dreams 27

28. Set of analytic statements that explain a set of phenomena Advantages Provide guidelines for how to do research and interventions Generate specific predictions that can be tested and modified Help tie together loose ends 28

29. Two or more different conditions are created to which people are assigned randomly and their reactions are measured Randomized clinical trials: Conducted to evaluate treatments or interventions and their effectiveness over time Evidence-based medicine: Medical interventions go through rigorous testing and evaluation of their benefits before they become the standard of care 29

30. Correlational research: Measures whether a change in one variable corresponds with changes in another variable Disadvantage - Difficult to determine the direction of causality unambiguously Advantage over experiments - More adaptable 30

31. Looks forward in time to see how: Group of people change Relationship between two variables changes over time Conducted to understand the risk factors that relate to health conditions Longitudinal research: Same people are observed at multiple points in time 31

32. Looks backward in time in an attempt to reconstruct the conditions that led to a current situation Were critical in identifying the risk factors that led to the development of AIDS 32

33. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) - Permits glimpses into the brain Has helped to improve the knowledge of the autonomic, neuroendocrine, and immune systems Tools of neuroscience Ecological momentary interventions Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring devices Mobile and wireless technologies Combines results from different studies to identify how strong the evidence is for particular research findings Meta-analysis 33