1. English 12 Semester Exam Review

2. Topics You Proposed 0 Critical Lenses Critical Lenses 0 Inference Inference 0 Symbolism Symbolism 0 Structure of a Paragraph Structure of a Paragraph 0 Writing: Revision Writing: Revision 0 Photo Essays and Visual Literacy Photo Essays and Visual Literacy 0 For vocabulary review, go to Quizlet link on my teacher website.

3. Photo Essays 0 Structure and components Structure and components 0 Visual Literacy Visual Literacy

4. 0 Long shot—shows complete body of subject and surroundings 0 Medium shot—waist up 0 High angle—camera is up high looking down on subject 0 Low angle—camera is down low looking up at subject 0 When looking at types of shots, think about what is being communicated about the subject by the photographer. 0 Examples Examples

5. What angle?

6. Photo Essay: Structure and Components 0 Thesis 0 Captions 0 Photos 0 Organized to build an argument, just like an essay

7. Writing: Revision 0 Showing vs. Telling Showing vs. Telling 0 Diction: Strong Nouns and Verbs Diction: Strong Nouns and Verbs 0 Effective Introductions Effective Introductions

8. 0 Should NOT start with: “In this essay….” 0 Instead, they use some strategies like this: 0 Begin with a quotation 0 Begin in the middle of action/in character’s thought 0 Begin with a vivid sensory description 0 Begin with a thought-provoking question

9. Diction: Strong Nouns and Verbs 0 The man walked over to the table. 0 The nouns above are general and the verb is weak and boring. When revising a piece of writing, make sure you use words that paint a picture for your reader. 0 What could you replace these words with?

10. Showing vs. Telling 0 Describes the action and the scene instead of directly stating the emotion of the character. Often, these sentences avoid using a form of the verb “to be” (am, is, are, etc.) 0 Revise this sentence so that it shows anger instead of tells: Mr. Vasko was angry.

11. Structure of a Paragraph 0 Topic Sentence (makes an argument) 0 Specific, Relevant Examples 0 Explanation of the examples 0 Practice Practice

12. Paragraph Revision 0 Which of the following sentences would logically come after this topic sentence: The Christ figure is a common archetype found throughout literature and cinema. a. In The Dark Knight Rises, the devil figure, Bane, holds Gotham hostage, inciting riots and mayhem throughout the city that once clung to order. b. The White Witch, in Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, The Witch, and the Wardrobe, takes Edmond prisoner to symbolically pay for his sins of betrayal. c. This figure appears in contemporary and ancient texts alike. For example, Jaws utilizes this archetype through the character of the shark. d. Batman’s struggles to rise from the pit is the archetypal death and resurrection. In fact, he even succeeds on his third try.

13. Symbolism 0 When an object, color, name, etc. represents something other than what it literally is. 0 In a text, you can determine what something may symbolize by how it’s described, what it’s associated with, and the role it plays in the story. 0 Examples from semester: Aslan symbolizing a Christ figure, Pygmalion symbols (pipe cleaners and coins activity), etc.

14. Inference 0 Definition: determining what a text implies, but doesn’t tell you outright. 0 For example, what can you infer about my mood in the following paragraph: My knuckles turned white as I gripped the steering wheel and swerved to miss the deer. (P.S. this is also and example of showing your reader what you mean instead of telling them. It all connects).

15. Critical Lenses 0 Reader Response Reader Response 0 Cultural Criticism Cultural Criticism 0 Archetypal Criticism Archetypal Criticism 0 Marxist Criticism Marxist Criticism 0 Feminist Criticism Feminist Criticism 0 Practice: Differentiating among different lenses in one text. Practice: Differentiating among different lenses in one text

16. Reader Response 0 The reader brings their experience and background to understand a text. 0 The reader and the text work together to create meaning. 0 This lens suggests there is no “right” way to interpret a text. 0 Examples from Semester: “The Curse,” by Josh Ritter (the song about the mummy who comes back to life). Also pretty much everything else you’ve done in your English classes up until now.

17. Cultural Criticism 0 Examines how culture shapes identity 0 Examines how culture works to include certain groups and exclude others 0 Examines marginalized groups in a text 0 Example from semester: Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark

18. Archetypal Criticism 0 Examines different patterns (characters, images, themes, symbols) that repeat across texts. 0 Examples from semester: Hero’s journey, Jaws, Chronicles of Narnia, and PygmalionPygmalion

19. Marxist Criticism 0 Examines how the economic struggles and differences between the classes create conflict. 0 Questions what perspective (upper, middle, lower) a text is written from 0 Questions what values are represented for each class. 0 Examples from semester: Nine to Five, Chapman’s “Fast Car,” your song lyrics, and Pygmalion.

20. Feminist Criticism 0 Examines the power dynamic between the genders. 0 Examines how people within a gender group interact 0 Examines how people between gender groups interact. 0 Examples from semester: The Imitation Game

21. Applying Different Lenses to One Text While watching the clip, consider the interpretation each lens would make: Archetypal Cultural Criticism Marxist Feminist

22. How is Archetypal Criticism applied to Pygmalion? 0 Remember, the play Pygmalion (which has the characters of Higgins and Eliza) is based on the myth “Pygmalion and the Statue” 0 Higgins is the creator archetype, who seeks to transform a flawed object into something more perfect 0 Eliza is the archetype of the transformed subject, whose changes bring about various conflicts