2. Participation in WWI transformed the United States in the 1920s: The USA was the richest and most __________ country in the world Mass production, high ________, new consumer goods and forms of _____________ labeled the decade the “_________ Twenties”

3. In 1920, Americans elected ____________ Warren Harding who promised a “return to ___________” “ America’s present need is not heroics, but healing; not nostrums, but normalcy; not revolution, but restoration ” —President Warren Harding

4. What do these images reveal about America in the 1920s?

5. In the 1920s, American foreign policy “returned to normal” by embracing ___________ The U.S. _________ the Treaty of Versailles and _________ joined the League of Nations Many citizens felt the U.S. was “______” into joining WWI and became committed to ___________

6. However, U.S. isolationism was __________ because the USA did play a role in world affairs The USA _________ European nations billions of dollars to help ______ after WWI The U.S. hosted the Washington Naval Conference (1921-22) aimed to reduce the ____________ strength of all nations

7. The USA joined other world powers in a commitment to world peace by signing the Kellogg-Briand Pact (which tried to ban war…) Member nations However, U.S. isolationism was selective because the USA did play a role in world affairs

8. What does this image and quote reveal about America in the 1920s? “The chief business of the American people is business.” —President Calvin Coolidge, 1925

9. In the 1920s, Republican presidents were elected (Harding, Coolidge, Hoover) who helped America “return to normalcy” by using ____________ policies Republicans kept taxes ______ so Americans could spend their wages Republican presidents kept government interference in business to a __________ to allow private enterprise to flourish

10. Pro-business policies meant no new _____________ reforms Americans felt confident that reforms had limited the influence of ____________, cleaned up cities, and _________ the economy As workers’ wages rose and their hours declined, Americans were ________ to spend their money

11. What do these images reveal about America in the 1920s?

12. Pro-business policies and mass production techniques developed during WWI led to an _______________________in consumer goods Industrial growth led to high wages for workers and _____ products for Americans to buy The appetite for consumer goods and availability of cheap ________ led to a decade of spending called the Roaring Twenties

13. ____________’s mass production techniques made automobiles affordable for many Americans

14. The 1920s led to an era of mass entertainment in movies, music, and sports

15. What do these images reveal about America in the 1920s?

16. **By 1920, more people lived in ______ than in rural areas due to the industrial revolution, mass immigration, and jobs during World War I

17. The dominance of urban America ________ society ________ society was characterized by diversity, consumerism, freedom, entertainment _________ society was characterized by religious fundamentalism, nativism, and tradition The values of these 2 societies clashed in the 1920s

18. 1920s: Consumerism

19. The 1920s saw a burst of personal prosperity and consumer ____________ Mass production led to a huge number of new products: Cars, electric appliances, new fashions Companies offered ways for consumers to buy on credit through monthly _______________ plans ___________ boomed to convince people to spend their money

20. 1920s: Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance

21. The Great Migration during ___________ led to a concentration of African Americans in northern citiesGreat Migration

22. The Harlem Renaissance was the flourishing of black culture Jazz blended African and European musical traditions into a distinctly “American” style of music Louis Armstrong Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington were popular jazz musicians Duke Ellington

23. Harlem represented the “__________”: the idea that African Americans should freely express themselves, embrace their culture, and strive for equality

24. 1920s: Women

25. Women’s roles changed in the 1920s In 1920, women gained the right to _____ (But, many women _______vote) New fashion trends, voting rights, and more leisure time led to an increased sense of freedom

26. Many young, unmarried women embraced their independence and sexuality as “__________”

27. “Flappers” popularized new women’s fashions like shorter hemlines, “_______” hair, and hats Young women ______ traditional-minded women by _______, _______, & __________ at clubs, using makeup… …had sex outside of marriage and dated boys without chaperones

28. 1920s: Literature

29. The 1920s produced some of America’s most important literature The “______________” authors including T.S. Eliot, Ernest Hemingway, and F. Scott Fitzgerald rejected war and criticized 1920 consumerism and conformity

30. 1920s: Sports

31. Sports was a popular form of entrainment in the 1920s as Americans gained more leisure time and income Baseball, boxing, and football were popular sports Radio broadcasts brought sporting events to national audiences

32. Baseball was segregated; Satchel Paige and Josh Gibson were Negro League heroes Satchel Paige Sports gave Americans a new generation of heroes Babe Ruth Babe Ruth of the New York Yankees was the biggest sports hero of the 1920s

33. Heavyweight boxer Jack Dempsey was so popular, his fights set financial and attendance records in the 1920sJack Dempsey Other sports heroes of the 1920s include: Red Grange, Gertrude Ederle, Bobby JonesGertrude Ederle

34. 1920s: Movies and Radio

35. Movies and radios were widely popular in the 1920s Over 500 stations connected the nation by broadcasting music, sports, as well as news, religious, comedic, and dramatic programming

36. Tin Pan Alley produced 90% of the popular music in the 1920s, focusing on ragtime, dance music, and jazz Irving Berlin was the most popular of the ragtime composers of the 1920s

37. “Talking” movies helped grow Hollywood and celebrity movie stars By 1929, over 100 million people went to movies each week “The Jazz Singer” was the first “talking” pictureThe Jazz Singer

38. 1920s: Transportation

39. Automobiles transformed America Henry Ford’s Henry Ford’s assembly line made cars affordable; By 1929, 1 of 5 Americans owned a car Car manufacturing became the biggest industry in America Cars gave people freedom and became a symbol of status

40. New roads, gas stations, and shopping centers were built Country Club Plaza, the First Shopping Center

41. 1920s Inventions

42. Airplanes captured the attention of Americans in the 1920s In 1927, Charles Lindbergh made the first solo flight across the Atlantic and became the biggest celebrity of the 1920sCharles Lindbergh