1. Do Now: 2/24/16: Answer in complete sentences! Translation: 60,000 Reich marks. What this person suffering from is hereditary defects costing the People’s community during his lifetime. Comrade, that is your money too. 1.Describe what you see in the poster to the left. 2.What is the message of this poster? 3.The NSDAP is the NAZI party, what do you think that they want the people viewing this poster to support?

2. https://mindinflux.wordpress.com/2010/10/2 6/disability-and-propaganda/

3. Unit 6 Notes #3: The Post WWI World 1919-1939 Copy Slides with ***

4. *** WHAT WERE THE TERMS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES?– WHAT THEY GOT France: Reparations from Germany Land rich in natural resources Britain: Control of German colonies Reparations from Germany Control of German boats United States: League of Nations New nations in Europe Germany: Lost 10% of land & colonies Accept responsibility for war Pay $33 Billion in reparations Military disbanded

6. ***THE UNITED STATES: OVERPRODUCTION AND UNDERCONSUMPTION Factories: U.S. factories producing large amounts of goods Most people in U.S. too poor to purchase these goods Store owners cut back orders from factories Factories reduce production; workers fired Farms: Large amount of crops Competition from foreign crops Surplus food drives prices down Farmers don’t make profit; cannot make loan payments Farmers lose land to banks

7. DECLINE IN PRODUCTION OF GOODS DECLINE IN OVERALL FACTORY PRODUCTION INCREASE IN UNEMPLOYMENT DECLINE IN DEMAND FOR GOODS ***

8. UNEMPLOYMENT, 1928-1938 HITLER FDR & NEW DEAL STOCK MARKET CRASHES

11. *** What problems existed for post-war democracies? Little experience with representative governments Too many political parties Coalition Governments didn’t work: too many disagreements Weak gov’ts in difficult times changed for totalitarian rulers

12. ***THE DAWES PLAN 1924-1930 $2.6 Bill War debts to be repaid; U.S. goods imported to rebuild economies U.S. lends $2.6 bill to Germany; spent on building up German economy Germany uses increased tax revenues to pay $2.0 bill reparations to France

13. ***WHAT WAS THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC of GERMANY? Established in 1919 No democratic tradition in Germany Post-WWI Germany had many political parties Many people blamed the Weimar Gov’t for the problems  Treaty of Versailles

14. ***HYPER-INFLATION IN GERMANY Wartime taxes not increased German gov’t printed money to pay for war German gov’t printed money to pay for war reparations forced by the Treaty of Versailles Prices increased while the value of the currency (Mark) fell People unable to afford basic necessities

18. Do Now 3/2-3/3, 2016 Use your knowledge acquired by watching “Swing Kids” and the information on Pgs. 436-437 to answer the following: 1. Why did totalitarian governments try to win the loyalty of their nation’s young people? 2. In Italy, women who had fourteen or more children were given a medal by Mussolini himself. Why were women honored for having many children?

19. Unit 6 Notes #4 The Rise of Totalitarianism Copy slides with ***

20. *** CHARACTERISTICS OF TOTALITARIANISM USSR, FASCIST ITALY, NAZI GERMANY All shared the following… Dictatorship and one-party rule Blind obedience to leader State (country) more important than individual State control of economy Use of police spies and terror to enforce gov’t rules Gov’t control of media: indoctrination and mobilization of citizens; spread ideology to kids Strict censorship of artists and intellectuals

21. ***DIFFERENCES Communism: (USSR) Want international change Classless society Support from urban factory workers and farmers Ideas based on Karl Marx Fascism: Italy/Spain Nazism:Germany Enemies of socialists & communists! Highly nationalist- war is good! Class divisions Support from business leaders, land owners, middle class Ideas differed somewhat by country

22. ***The Political Spectrum Line or Horseshoe?

23. Do Now 3/4/16 1. What attracts young people to the HJ (Hitlerjugend) and people like Hitler and Stalin? 2. What have you done in your own life to speak out against or stop bullying? Were you rewarded or persecuted for your action? 3. (Answer this after the film: Could a movement like “The Wave” or the Hitlerjugend work in America? Explain. What conditions would be necessary?

24. Periods 3 and 6 You don’t have to write-down a Do Now today, just do the following: -Share your dictator sports cards with your table group -Discuss what sports you chose and why. -Pick the most interesting trivia from each card and be ready to share. -Who has the best cards from your table?

25. Periods 1 and 2 For your Do-Now, do the following -Share your dictator sports cards with your table group -Discuss what sports you chose and why, write down the sports that your group used. -Pick the most interesting trivia from each card and be ready to share. Write down the three best sentences of trivia from you table, include the name of each dictator. -Who has the best cards from your table?

26. No regular Do Now today. Get out your map. -Finish labeling as instructed on the back from page 464. -Create a key and color your map based on the information from page 479.

27. Unit 6: Notes #5 : The Characteristics of Fascism Unit 6: Notes #5 : The Characteristics of Fascism

28. ***What is Fascism? “Fascism is the complete opposite of [Communism]…it combats the whole system of democracy…it denies that the majority [of the people] can direct society…For Fascism the growth of the empire and war is essential…” Benito Mussolini 1932 (you don’t need to copy this quote) ***I. BELIEFS OF FASCISM: Loyalty to the state Extreme nationalism Peaceful states would be conquered Uniforms and special salutes Mass rallies Each class has a place & function

29. ***II. Other Ideologies of Fascism A form of extreme right-wing ideology. Celebrates the nation or the race over individual happiness Powerful and continuing nationalism. – Constant use of patriotic mottos, slogans, symbols, songs, etc. – Flags are seen everywhere.

30. Benito Mussolini “Il Duce” ***III. ITALIAN FASCISM Wanted to rescue Italy from poor economy, rebuild military after WWI “Black shirts” terrorized Communists 1922 Italian Prime Minister Abolished democracy and all opposition; won support of middle class, aristocracy, industry leaders Italy became the model for fascism in Spain and Germany

31. ***IV. Subordination to the State Nothing is more important than the State (country) Use of organized violence to suppress opposition. – Glorification of force. – Anti-democratic.

32. ***V. Cult of State Worship The individual had no significance except as a member of the state. The fascists were taught: – Credere! [to believe] – Obbedire! [to obey] – Combattere! [to fight]

33. ***VI. The Myth of Rebirth Emphasis on a national or racial rebirth after a period of decline or destruction (such as the Great Depression and WWI) Seeks to purge “alien” forces and groups that threaten the “pure” community.

34. Militarism

35. ***VII. Identification of Enemies or Scapegoats as a Unifying Cause The people are rallied into a unifying patriotic frenzy over the need to eliminate a perceived common threat or foe. This foe could be racial, ethnic, a religious minority, liberals, communists, etc.

36. ***VIII. Disdain for the Recognition of Human Rights Because of the fear of enemies and the need for security, the people are persuaded that human rights can be ignored out of “need.” People look the other way or even approve of torture, executions, long incarcerations of prisoners, assassinations, etc.

37. The Fascist Family The Fascists encouraged the development of large families.

38. Religion & Government Are Intertwined Fascist governments tend to use the most common religion in the nation as a tool to manipulate public opinion. They meld religious rhetoric, symbolism, mythology, etc., into their policies [appears to give a religious approval for government policies!]

39. Disdain for Intellectuals & for the Arts Open hostility to higher education and academia is promoted. Professors and other academics are censored or arrested. Free expression in the arts and letters is openly attacked.

40. Controlled Mass Media

41. Emphasis on Physical Fitness

42. *** IX. Fascism in Spain Civil war in Spain: Italy and Germany supported General Francisco Franco- Spanish Fascist 1939 Franco became dictator until 1970s Guernica: Spanish village bombed by German planes

43. The Spanish Civil War: 1936 - 1939 Francisco Franco

44. The Spanish Civil War: A Dress Rehearsal for WW II? Italian troops in Madrid

45. “Guernica” Pablo Picasso

46. Do Now: Kid in a Candy Store 3/9-3/10 A mother took her 5-year old son into a crowded candy store. The boy asked his mother if he could have some candy, and she said he couldn’t. So the boy cried and threw a tantrum and demanded he get some candy. Wanting to avoid a public scene, his mother bought him some candy. He ate the candy and asked his mother for more. His mother said no and he again started crying and throwing a tantrum. 1.What should the mother do? 2.Why? Explain.

47. ***Unit VI #6 The World Drifts Towards War

48. ***Adolf Hitler “The Fuhrer” Joined National Socialist German Worker’s Party (NAZI) in 1920 Mein Kampf: set Hitler’s beliefs as later policy for Nazi party Great Depression gave him followers; Nazis became largest political party Nazi Party comes to power in 1933

49. NAZI PROPAGANDA 1920-1945 “The greater the mass of men to be reached, the lower its intellectual level must be.” --Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf

50. Techniques To convince the masses, Nazi’s must have a few points driven home through: Simple slogans Repeat them endlessly Use of mass meetings to get people to feed off of one another; new members of the movement will feel a sense of belonging

51. “I want to exploit film as an instrument of propaganda.” – Joseph Goebbels, Minister of Propaganda “It is possible by means of shrewd and unremitting propaganda to make people believe that heaven is hell- and hell heaven.” Hitler “The Fuhrer above all! Above the tremendous symphony of crowds, marching columns, meetings, commemorations, marches and congresses: his words on the present- for the future.” – Leni Riefenstahl

53. “Europe’s victory is your prosperity”

54. One People, One Nation, Our Fuhrer!

56. Japan Invades Manchuria

57. ***Japan challenged the League of Nations 1931: Japan invaded Manchuria Set up puppet gov’t in Manchuria (controlled by Japan) Japan withdrew from League of Nations War between China and Japan 1937 Rape of Nanking: Japanese army executed 200,000 men, women and children as a show of force

58. ***Mussolini meets Haile Selassie Mussolini attacks Ethiopia to expand Italian empire Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia, appeals to League of Nations for help “It is us today. It will be you tomorrow.”

59. ***Hitler takes the Rhineland And joins with Mussolini and Japan- 1936 Occupied the former buffer zone between France and Germany Oct. 1936: Germany and Italy alliance called Rome-Berlin Axis Nov. 1936: Germany, Italy and Japan– Axis Powers

60. Munich Conference- Sept. 1938

61. ***1937: Hitler declares the need for Lebensraum: living space Took Austria, 1938 Majority of Austrians supported unity w/ Germany

62. The Sudetenland

63. ***Aggression and Appeasement I.Czechoslovakia Crisis A. After WWI Czech. was created and 3.5 million ethnic Germans lived within it borders in Sudetenland B. 1938-Hitler demands the return of the Sudetenland to Germany (claimed they were being mistreated) C. Czech. turned to France and Britain for help 1. They were not willing to go to war D. Hitler demanded complete annexation and military occupation of the Sudetenland.

64. II.Munich Conference A. In Sept. 1938, Britain, France, Germany and Italy met in Munich, Germany B. France and Britain followed a policy of appeasement- making concessions to an aggressor to preserve peace C. Munich Pact- Hitler agreed to the proposal that he exchanged the right to occupy Sudetenland for a promise that this would be the last territorial demand in Europe. Everyone signed ***

65. III.Violation of the Munich Pact A. Hitler started pressuring Czech leaders to create a new Czech government sympathetic to Germany. B. The Czechs refused 1. Germany broke the Munich Pact and occupied Czechoslovakia, annexing it the following day.

67. ***THE TWO SIDES AXIS POWERS Germany Italy Japan Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary joined in 1941 ALLIED FORCES U.S. Britain Soviet Union Australia Canada China France