1. Middle Ages and Byzantine Empire 400-1300 Middle Ages and Byzantine Empire 400-1300

2. The “Dark Ages” aka: The Early Middle Ages or the Medieval Period

3. Between the Fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance

4. Section 1. Transforming the Roman World

5. Medieval society based on Greco- Roman culture, German culture and The Church

6. After the fall of Roman Order

7. 1.Trade disrupted, money scarce (return to Bartering)

8. 2. Cities abandoned Attractive targets for raiders Not needed for admin. of provinces Services fail Attractive targets for raiders Not needed for admin. of provinces Services fail

9. 25

10. 3. Population moves to the country where food is produced

11. 4. Learning declines Germans are illiterate Farming doesn't require literacy Germans are illiterate Farming doesn't require literacy

12. By AD 600 only priests are literate

13. Evolution of Romance languages and German dialects= no common language

14. German Kingdoms fragment Europe

16. Concept of Government changes 1. Personal and family ties rather than ties to government

17. 2. Unwritten rules and traditions replace Roman Law

18. The Kingdom of the Franks Clovis unites the Franks as a Christian country (France)

19. 2424

20. Clovis Baptized 32

21. Clovis Baptized

22. Makes France protector of the Church Establishes Merovingian Dynasty Makes France protector of the Church Establishes Merovingian Dynasty

23. Monasteries and Convents

24. 1. Religious communities for men and women 2. Safety from violence 1. Religious communities for men and women 2. Safety from violence

25. 3. A place for unwanted children

26. Mont St. Michel 4. Away from worldly distractions

27. Tintern Abbey 29 5. Benedictine Orders

28. Founded by St. Benedict

29. Strict rules of obedience to God, prayer (7 times a day), poverty and chastity

30. 6. Preserved learning

31. 7. Missionaries Convert Germans to Roman Catholic

32. 8. Pope Gregory I used church money to improve roads, hire troops and help the poor

33. Established the idea that the Pope is the overlord of Europe

34. The Rise of Charlemagne

35. The end of the Merovingians

36. 1. Mayor of the Palace (Major Domo)--in charge of king’s estates gained more power than the King

37. 2. 719 Major Domo was Charles Martel 3. Battle of Tours made him a hero 2. 719 Major Domo was Charles Martel 3. Battle of Tours made him a hero

38. 4. Pope gave Martel's son (Pepin the Short) right to depose last Merovingian

39. 24 5. Pepin's son, Charles (Charlemagne) 24

40. inherited Frankish Kingdom 32

41. Extended Christianity and reunited most of Western Europe

42. Relied on the Great Lords (Counts) to control local areas Missi dominici spied on the Counts Relied on the Great Lords (Counts) to control local areas Missi dominici spied on the Counts

43. Kingdom of Charlemagne 24

44. The New Roman Emperor Christmas DayChristmas Day 800

45. 32 Pope Leo crowned him Roman Emperor 32

46. The Carolingian Renaissance

47. Charlemagne receiving gifts from the East

48. Charlemagne receives the English Scholar Alcuin

49. Roman Script

50. Commissioned Carolingian miniscule script 24

51. This typeface is called Charlemagne

52. Monasteries established Scriptoria where monks copied Bibles and classic works

53. Forced the Church to open schools for noble boys

54. Defended the Church and converted the Pagans Defended Europe from invasion Defended the Church and converted the Pagans Defended Europe from invasion

55. Ruled for 40 years Attempted to create a legal code Ruled for 40 years Attempted to create a legal code

56. Charlemagne’s Palace at Aachen 24

57. Charlemagne’s Tomb 28

58. Charlemagne's son Louis the Pious had 3 sons They fought a civil war after his death

59. Treaty of Verdun Settled the War 24

60. Charles the Bald got France Lothair got Central Kingdom Louis the German got... (Duh!) Charles the Bald got France Lothair got Central Kingdom Louis the German got... (Duh!)

61. Authority broke down--chaos

63. Collapse of the infrastructure: roads, bridges, water supply, sewers Loss of Roman Authority

64. Loss of education, common language, legal system and medical knowledge Fall of the cities Pirates and bandits

65. Invasions Return to a barter economy Loss of technology Constant warfare

66. Natural disasters: Climate change Black Plague Corruption in the Church Isolation

67. Cistercian Abbey 13

68. Spread of Christianity 19

69. Pilgrimage 9