1. Section 3 Good Afternon 2/29/2016 1.Get your Folders 2.Answer the following Questions: -Do you think that all Americans have achieved Civil Rights in America? Support your answer -In your honest opinion do you think racism is an issue in America today? Defend your opinion -In your opinion how do we achieve equality among the races in America? Support your opinion

2. De Jure Segregation – Separation of the races by law De Facto Segregation - When widespread individual preferences, sometimes backed up with private pressure, lead to separation of the races

3. Section 3 Civil War Amendments (cont.) Fourteenth Amendment: –Defined who was a United States citizen –Required states to grant citizens “equal protection of the laws” –Forbade state governments from interfering with citizen “privileges or immunities” –Nationalization of the Bill of Rights and the Gitlow v. New York ruling

4. Section 3 Civil War Amendments (cont.) Fifteenth Amendment: –Guaranteed suffrage to African Americanssuffrage –Protected only men Constitutional Amendments

5. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 3 Which amendment do you think was the most necessary after the Civil War? A.The Thirteenth Amendment B.The Fourteenth Amendment C.The Fifteenth Amendment D.All of the above

6. Section 3 Later Amendments Amendments added to the Constitution in the twentieth century deal with a wide range of topics.

7. Section 3 Later Amendments (cont.) A number of the amendments to the Constitution in the twentieth century addressed inequalities in voting and elections. Seventeenth Amendment: –Allowed voters to directly elect their senators –Gave Americans a greater voice in government

8. Section 3 Nineteenth Amendment: –States previously made laws concerning woman suffrage –Gave women the right to vote in national and state elections Later Amendments (cont.) Twenty-third Amendment gave voting rights to people who live in the District of Columbia.

9. Section 3 Twenty-fourth Amendment: –Trouble with the Fifteenth Amendment –State poll taxes prevented many African Americans and poor whites from votingpoll taxes –Outlawed poll taxes in federal elections Later Amendments (cont.) Twenty-sixth Amendment guaranteed citizens 18 and older the right to vote.

10. Section 4-Main Idea Guide to Reading Big Idea Political, social, religious, and economic changes influence the way Americans think and act.

11. Section 4 Struggle for Rights Although amendments to the Constitution guaranteed rights to Americans, African Americans and other groups still did not enjoy civil rights.

12. Section 4 Struggle for Rights (cont.) African Americans and others had to struggle against discrimination in order to secure their civil rights.discriminationcivil rights Segregation is the social separation of races.Segregation Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ruling against segregation Rosa Parks and boycott of the Montgomery bus system

13. Section 4 Struggle for Rights (cont.) Martin Luther King, Jr., led nonviolent resistance. Demonstrations and sit-ins King’s “I Have a Dream” speech is inspirational.

14. Section 4 Civil Rights Act of 1964: –Prohibited discrimination in public facilities, employment, education, and voter registration –Banned discrimination by race, color, gender, religion, and national origin gender Struggle for Rights (cont.)

15. A.A B.B C.C D.D Section 4 Which do you think had the biggest impact on the civil rights movement? A.The formation of the NAACP and the National UrbanLeague B.Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas C.“Sit-ins” and the “Freedom Riders” D.King’s “I Have a Dream” speech

16. Section 4 The Struggle Continues The struggle for equality in America has persisted and has extended to include many groups.

17. Section 4 The Struggle Continues (cont.) The civil rights struggle began with African Americans but has grown to include many different groups. Voting Rights Act of 1965: –Ensured that all citizens would have the opportunity to vote, regardless of race –Renewed in 2006

18. Section 4 The Struggle Continues (cont.) Affirmative action:Affirmative action –Designed to make up for past discrimination –Encouraged hiring and promoting minorities and women –Considered by critics to discriminate against men and whites

19. Section 4 The Struggle Continues (cont.) Continuing struggles: –Workplace discrimination –Racial profilingRacial profiling –Hate crimes Landmark Civil Rights Acts

20. Vocab17 suffrage the right to vote

21. Vocab18 poll tax a sum of money required of voters before they are permitted to cast a ballot

22. Vocab19 violate to fail to keep or to break, as in a law

23. Vocab21 discrimination unfair treatment based on prejudice against a certain group

24. Vocab22 segregation the social separation of the races

25. Vocab23 civil rights the rights of full citizenship and equality under the law

26. Vocab24 affirmative action programs intended to make up for past discrimination by helping minority groups and women gain access to jobs and opportunities

27. Vocab25 racial profiling singling out an individual as a suspect due to appearance of ethnicity