1. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 1 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges October 2008 Team Working and Profiling Dr Su White As we settle complete activity 1

2. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 2 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Team Working

3. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 3 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw The Plan Intro (now) 10.00 – 10.15 Team activity 10.15 – 10.30 Feedback 10.30-10.40 Follow up 10.40 – 10.45 So we have to keep to time!

4. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 4 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw I need you to work together in ‘teams’ approach = think, pair, share The Plan So we have to keep to time

5. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 5 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Who is this man? a)Dr Stephen Pinker b)The new Vice Chancellor c)Dr Meredith Belbin d)The Mayor of Southampton e)My Dad

6. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 6 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw What exactly is a Team Role? "Our tendency to behave, contribute and interrelate with others in a particular way." Dr Meredith Belbin The original research and most people's understanding the Team Role model relates to teams But….strong evidence these “natural tendencies” exist in workplace activities outside the formal team

7. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 7 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Where will you be part of a team? 4 th Year Group Design Project Group Project JCR Committee Course Reps Professional Issues Lab Partner Study Group Interview Task Working Engineer Work Teams vacations /part-time

8. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 8 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Role Types Doing/Acting –Shaper, Implementer, and Completer Finisher People/Feeling –Co-ordinator, Teamworker and Resource Investigator Thinking/Problem Solving –Plant, Monitor Evaluator and Specialist What skills and preferences do you have in your ‘team’?

9. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 9 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Alternative

10. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 10 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Pairs: What are your strengths? Like Skill  Doing/acting People/feelings Thinking Problem Solving Explain to each other the ways in which you do or do not possess the various skills (refer to the handout defining team roles)defining team roles

11. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 11 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Balanced Teams Teams work best with a balance of primary types team members who –know their roles –work to their strengths –actively manage their weaknesses. Best Balance One Co-ordinator or Shaper (not both) for leader A Plant to stimulate ideas A Monitor/evaluator to maintain honesty and clarity One or more –Implementer –Team worker –Resource investigator –Completer/finisher

12. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 12 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Where do you fit? Doing/Acting –Shaper, Implementer, and Completer Finisher People/Feeling –Co-ordinator, Teamworker and Resource Investigator Thinking/Problem Solving –Plant, Monitor Evaluator and Specialist Best Balance One Co-ordinator or Shaper (not both) for leader A Plant to stimulate ideas A Monitor/evaluator to maintain honesty and clarity One or more –Implementer –Team worker –Resource investigator –Completer/finisher

13. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 13 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw So what? Plan Identify types when starting up teams –Ensure you have a good balance Or –Handle the difference Develop Know yourself –work to your strengths –reflect on your performance

14. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 14 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Team Activity (10 mins) Review the preferred roles of the people in your team How would you allocate theoretical roles? If you have gaps, who is prepared to take the missing role(s)? Where do you have duplications? Wait, there are more instructions…..

15. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 15 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Activity - Role Types Doing/Acting –Shaper, Implementer, and Completer Finisher People/Feeling –Co-ordinator, Teamworker and Resource Investigator Thinking/Problem Solving –Plant, Monitor Evaluator and Specialist How might this sort of analysis be useful To an individual? To a team?

16. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 16 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw How to do it Form groups of six across two rows (2x3 each) –You may have to move!! –Each team needs one volunteer for feedback –Record your ‘team’ skills on the coloured team sheet You have 15 mins for this task

17. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 17 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw OK off you go Remember! you must complete by 10:30

18. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 18 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Feedback and Review

19. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 19 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Team discussion How might this sort of analysis be useful To an individual? To a team?

20. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 20 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw What you should have done…. Reviewed the preferred roles of the people in your team Decided How would you allocate theoretical roles? If you have gaps, who is prepared to take the role? Where do you have duplications?

21. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 21 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Feedback? General How do you feel about –The activity? –Your team’s discussion? How were preferences distributed? General roles - show of hands Action People Cerebral

22. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 22 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Where were the gaps? Lets vote First - ALL Your preferred role Next - TEAM SPEAKER If this role was missing from your teamthis role

23. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 23 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Team Role Definitions

24. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 24 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Plant Creative, imaginative, unorthodox Solves difficult problems Ignores incidentals Too pre-occupied to communicate effectively

25. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 25 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Co-ordinator Mature, confident, a good chairperson Clarifies goals, promotes decision- making, delegates well Can often be seen as manipulative. Off loads personal work

26. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 26 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Monitor/evaluator Sober, strategic and discerning Sees all options Judges accurately Lacks drive and ability to inspire others

27. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 27 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Implementer Disciplined, reliable, conservative and efficient Turns ideas into practical actions Somewhat inflexible Slow to respond to new possibilities

28. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 28 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Completer finisher Painstaking, conscientious, anxious Searches out errors and omissions Delivers on time Inclined to worry unduly Reluctant to delegate

29. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 29 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Resource Investigator Extrovert, enthusiastic, communicative Explores opportunities Develops contacts Over - optimistic Loses interest once initial enthusiasm has passed

30. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 30 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Shaper Challenging, dynamic, thrives on pressure Has the drive and courage to overcome obstacles Prone to provocation Offends people's feelings

31. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 31 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Teamworker Co-operative, mild, perceptive and diplomatic Listens, builds, averts friction Indecisive in crunch situations

32. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 32 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Specialist (SP) Single-minded, self- starting, dedicated Provides knowledge and skills in rare supply Contributes only on a narrow front Dwells on technicalities

33. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 33 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Team Speakers Would you have been able to build a team? Show of hands…. 1.Impossible 2.OK 3.Easily

34. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 34 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw What might I gain from this analysis? Understand your own identity Manage your strengths and weaknesses Learn how to develop your team roles, and therefore your future impact at work Project yourself in the best possible way Work more effectively in teams Further insights… The range of roles that an individual naturally adopts A range of roles an individual can adopt if needed Roles best avoided

35. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 35 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Activity 3 After the Lecture…the inventory It may help your team performance if you discuss your relative strengths and weaknesses Take account of your understandings when the team plan the way you will work on the assignment. This could help your performance (and marks ) Complete the Belbin Self-perception Inventory to help you think your skills and role preferences

36. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 36 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Activity 4 Take a look at the Learn Higher web site - videos about group working and roles Listed on the module web site under ELEC1032/resources Remember this for later

37. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 37 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw References Belbin, R. Meredith (2003), Management teams: why they succeed or fail, 2nd Ed, Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford Management teams: why they succeed or fail http://www.belbin.info/cert_belbin_enq.htm http://www.belbin.com/

38. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 38 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Further Reading and Ideas For private study after the lecture

39. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 39 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Further Ideas Belbin is not the only model – for example… FIRO-B Team Roles Schutz Schutz, W (1958), FIRO: A Three Dimensional Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour, New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Schnell, Eugene R, and Hammer, Allen (1993), Introduction to the FIRO-B in Organizations, Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.

40. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 40 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Life cycle of a team Forming Storming Norming Performing Tuckman, B.W. "Developmental Sequence in Small Groups," Psychological Bulletin, vol. 63, 1965, pp. 384-399.

41. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 41 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw STAGES OF TEAM DEVELOPMENT FORMING STORMING NORMING PERFORMING Scholtes, Peter., (1998) The Team Handbook. © 2000 Oriel Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. Used here with permission.

42. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 42 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw The Five Stage Model: Team Cooperation & Synergy Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning High Low NegativePositive Neutral Synergy Team Cooperation

43. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 43 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Building the Dispersed Team FormingThe team gets together and gets to know each other. It clarifies roles, figures out the tasks and the objectives StormingConflicts breaks out over roles, objectives, and task allocations. Different leaders, official or otherwise, are pursuing different goals NormingThe team begins to form norms, roles, and protocols for working together. Some team cohesion may begin. PerformingThe team begins to perform well, working together towards a common goal. Conflicts are handled constructively. Tuckman Model

44. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 44 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw The team performance model Drexler, A.B., Sibbet, D. and Forrester, R.H. The team performance model, in Team building, W.B. Reddy and K. Jamison (eds.), NTL Institute for Applied Behavioral Science, Alexandria, VA 1988

45. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 45 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Drexler Sibbet

46. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 46 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw The stages expanded 1.Orientation "Why Am I Here?" Purpose, Personal Fit and Membership? 2.Trust Building "Who Are You? Mutual Regard, Forthrightness and Spontaneous Interaction? 3.Goal/Role Clarification "What Are We Doing?" Shared Assumptions, Clear and Integrated Goals and Identified Roles? 4.Commitment "How Will We Do It?" Shared Vision, Allocated Resources and Organizational Decisions? 5.Implementation : "Who Does What, When and Where?" Clear Processes, Alignment and Disciplined Execution? 6.High Performance "Wow!" Flexibility, Intuitive Communication and Synergy? 7.Renewal : "Why Continue?" Recognition, Change Mastery and Staying Power?

47. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 47 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Activities 1What skills do you have? (slide 10) (slide 10) 2Quick review of the preferred skills in your team (slides 14-17)slides 14-17 3Use the inventory to plan for your team assignment (slide 35)slide 35

48. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 48 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Activity 1 What skills do you have? (5 mins) Like Skill  Doing/acting People/feelings Thinking Problem Solving Using the handout defining team roles Explain to each other the ways in which you do or do not possess the various skillsdefining team roles

49. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 49 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Activity 2 Reviewing Team Roles (10 mins) Review the preferred roles of the people in your team How would you allocate theoretical roles? If you have gaps, who is prepared to take the missing role(s)? Where do you have duplications?

50. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 50 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Activity 3 After the Lecture…the inventory It may help your team performance if you discuss your relative strengths and weaknesses Take account of your understandings when the team plan the way you will work on the assignment. This could help your performance (and marks ) Complete the Belbin Self-perception Inventory to help you think your skills and role preferences

51. ELEC1032 Engineering Challenges Slide 51 Su White http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~saw Activity 4 Take a look at the Learn Higher web site - videos about group working and roles Listed on the module web site under ELEC1032/resources Remember this for later