1. Characteristics of Life – Living vs. Nonliving

2. Characteristics of Life (Life Functions)  What is Biology?  What is Life?  Can you list any life functions? (these are characteristics ALL living things display)

3. Characteristics of Life Video Clip - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juxLuo-sH6M https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juxLuo-sH6M

4. Characteristics of Life – 7 categories 1. Energy Processing 2. Regulation 3. Order 4. Evolutionary Adaptations 5. Response to the Environment 6. Reproduction 7. Growth and Development

5. LIFE IS….. 1. Energy Processing  Nutrition  Transport  Cellular Respiration  Metabolism

6. LIFE IS…..Energy Processing Nutrition – activities involved with getting food 1) Ingestion – to take in “food” or nutrients from the outside environment 2) Digestion – to break down the food we ingest 3) Egestion – to eliminate the nutrients that we do not use

7. Nutrition

8. LIFE IS…..Energy Processing  Transport  Absorption and circulation of materials

9. LIFE IS…..Energy Processing  Cellular Respiration  Changing food into energy. The energy is in the form of ATP!!

10. LIFE IS…..Energy Processing  Metabolism  All of the chemical activities that occur in an organism.

11. LIFE IS….. 2. Regulation  Homeostasis  Maintaining a steady internal environment

12. LIFE IS….. 3. Order (organization)  Living things are organized into Cells  Cells are organized into tissues  Tissues are organized into organs  Organs are organized into organ systems CellsTissuesOrgans Organ Systems Organism

13. Order (Organization)  Living things have DNA organized into genes which are organized into chromosomes!

14. LIFE IS….. 4. Evolutionary Adaptations  Change over time  camouflage  mimicry

15. Adaptations  Living things are adapted to a particular way of life.  If they are not born with characteristics that enable them to adapt, what happens?

16. LIFE IS….. 5. Response to the Environment  Responding to stimuli  Excretion

17. LIFE IS….. 5. Response to the Environment  All organisms can respond to stimuli

18. Responding to Stimuli  Stimulus – anything that causes a response  Response – a reaction to a stimulus.

19. LIFE IS…..responding  Excretion – ridding of CELLULAR Waste  This is different from elimination (egestion), which is undigested waste that never goes into our cells

20. LIFE IS….. 6. Reproduction – producing new organisms

21. LIFE IS….. 7. Growth and Development  Growth – an increase in cell number

22. LIFE IS….. Development  Stages of growth

23. LIFE IS….. Synthesis –  Building large molecules from smaller ones  Small molecule  LARGE MOLECULE

24. The Biology and Natural History of the Common Garden Slug/Earthworm  Read the first page of the packet with your neighbor and relate the underlined portions of the passage to the different characteristics of life we have studied.

26. Slug Breathing Pore

27. Life Functions - slug/earthworm activity  NUTRITION  TRANSPORT  RESPIRATION  EXCRETION  SYNTHESIS  GROWTH  Development  RESPONDING TO STIMULI  REPRODUCTION  METABOLISM  HOMEOSTASIS  ORGANIZATION  ADAPTATION

28. Honor’s Biology – Characteristics of Life Video Clip Activity  Please visit Canvas and complete the Characteristics of Life Video Activity with your understanding of what we have learned.

29. Here is another example! Living ExampleCharacteristic of Life Non-Living example Organisms circulate oxygen in their cells TransportOxygen circulates in a room due to a fan. Bass eating minnows NutritionGarbage disposal, hungry, hungry hippo

30. Characteristics of Life Comparisons Table  With each Life Function, try to think of a living as well as a non-living example.  Example: Living ExampleCharacteristic of Life Non-Living example Organisms circulate oxygen in their cells TransportOxygen circulates in a room due to a fan. Nutrition

31. Honor’s Biology – Word Pair Quiz Example  Nutrition/growth  In order to grow, organisms must receive nutrients. When a baby drinks milk, this gives it the nutrients it needs to increase its cell number or grow.

32. Characteristics of Life Song (The Biology Song)  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aynclw6TXeE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aynclw6TXeE

33. Can you complete this Characteristics of Life Worksheet?

34. Can you now give me a definition for LIFE?

35. Scientific Method

36. What is the scientific method? A logical way of solving problems It enables scientists to organize their work

37. Steps of the scientific method Make Observations/Define the Problem Hypothesis Experiment Analyze Data/Form Conclusions

38. Define the Problem A scientific problem is usually stated as a question. Ex: Does the amount of water affect how tall a plant grows?

39. Hypothesis an educated guess should be an answer to the question you posed as your problem

40. Experiment – testing your hypothesis Controlled Experiment – all variables are the same except the one being tested A variable is something that you change while doing your experiment Ex: If your variable is the amount of water, you may give some plants 1 liter of water every day, and other plants 2 liters of water. A good experiment only tests 1 variable at a time

41. Variables: 2 kinds Independent variable – the variable being tested – the one you change (amount of water.) Dependent variable – the change that results from the independent variable. (plant height.)

42. Experimental Group The group in which the independent variable is changed. Once again, you only test 1 variable at a time. If you want to look at growth in plants, test either amount of food, water, or light…not all 3 at once!

43. Control Group The group that does not receive the variable being tested. Used as a comparison

44. Constants  Constants are the factors that stay the same with all groups.  Example – If you are testing how intensity of light affects plant growth, here are some constants you would use since you will only be changing intensity of light:  Amount of food  Type of food  Species of plant

45. Dependent Vs. Independent Variables– please see if you can pick out the dependent vs. the independent variables in each of these examples… George wants to know if different colors of light will affect plant growth. He puts plants under different colors of light and measures their height for 2 months.

46. Independent Variable colors of light Dependent Variable – plant growth

47. Dependent Vs. Independent Variables Lucinda wanted to see if her goldfish released more ammonia when given tropical fish food or goldfish food. She divided her 20 goldfish into 2 groups and put them in separate tanks and fed each group a different food for this experiment. She then measured the ammonia content in each aquarium for 6 weeks.

48. Independent Variable – Type of food Dependent Variable – Ammonia content

49. Dependent Vs. Independent Variables Charles wanted to know if his aquatic elodea plants would grow better in warm water or cold water. He divided the plants into 2 different tanks with varying water temperatures. He then measured plant height and counted the number of plants for 4 weeks.

50. Independent Variable – Temperature of water Dependent Variable – Plant height

51. Dependent Vs. Independent Variables Sally wanted to see if tadpoles grow more quickly if given a protein supplement. She divided 100 tadpoles of the same age and species into 2 groups. She gave 1 group the protein supplement with their food and fed the other group food without the protein. Each week, she would count the number of tadpoles found at various stages of development until they were mature frogs.

52. Independent Variable – Protein supplement Dependent Variable – Tadpole growth/development Constants? Control Group?

53. Now, please do this Quia activity!  http://www.quia.com/pop/184568.html?AP_rand=921945 916 http://www.quia.com/pop/184568.html?AP_rand=921945 916

54. If time allows, we will do the next activity the day before the test!!!

55. Characteristics of Life Activity With a partner, define your assigned characteristic of life. You must show the definition with pictures. You may use drawings, magazine pictures, or cartoons. Please list the characteristic somewhere on the page.