1. The Rise of Absolute Monarchies 1400-1700

2. What is a Monarchy? Spain, France, & England were nation-states- each ruled by a different government Monarchs= kings and queens, hold the power over a whole nation Within a country, people speak the same language and follow the same customs Nationalism= a feeling of pride or loyalty to a country Nationalism & religious beliefs were powerful forces  shaped 16th century history Monarchs led their people through times of peace, cultural growth, and decline (periods of weakness)

3. What is an Absolute Monarchy? Absolute = All Powerful Monarch = King or Queen Also, kings and queens handed their power down to their children– “line of succession” Absolute Monarch = An all-powerful king or queen

5. What was Absolutism? Period of time when Europe’s monarchs got stronger and ruled with absolute power CAUSES OF ABSOLUTISM : Decline of feudalism Nationalism Rise of cities and middle class Loss of church influence (Reformation weakens the church) Age of Exploration brings in lots of money (mercantilism)

6. Mercantilism Colonies provide raw materials to mother country to be manufactured and sold back to colony

7. What was Divine Right theory? Divine Right Theory was the idea that God had chosen the monarch to rule Monarchs (and the people) believed it during this period Monarchs believed they we only accountable to God, not the people If you question the king, you question God! Kings become the nation- Louis XIV: “L'État, c'est moi!” (The state? That’s me!)

8. Absolutism A dominant political thought of the 17th century There must only be one sovereign (ruler) in each state (nation) Ruler’s authority was from God- “Divine Right of Kings” Absolute monarchs made all the laws, but they were NOT subject to the laws Romans 13.1-2: Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God. Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves damnation.

9. In the space provided on your notes, draw a picture of what absolutism & Divine Right mean

11. Some Absolute Monarchs Philip II (Spain) Louis XIV (France) Elizabeth I (England) Peter the Great (Russia)

12. Philip II King of Spain Wanted to make all of Europe Catholic again Married the queen of England (Mary)

13. Louis XIV (14) King of France Nickname: The Sun King The absolute monarch! Built the palace of Versailles

14. Elizabeth I Queen of England Henry VIII’s daughter Defeated the Spanish Armada Built England up into a world power

15. Peter the Great Czar of Russia Wanted to Europeanize, modernize Russia