1. Ancient Mesopotamia TOP ’50’ VOCABULARY “PEOPLE /PLACES/THINGS”

2. PEOPLE Warrior who founded the Akkadian Empire and so became the first ruler of an empire in the Fertile Crescent Warrior who founded the Akkadian Empire and so became the first ruler of an empire in the Fertile Crescent 3 2 1 Sargon the Great Sargon the Great

3. PEOPLE Became the world’s first trading empire around the Mediterranean Sea; Tyre was the major city located in present-day Lebanon; created an alphabet of 22 symbols Became the world’s first trading empire around the Mediterranean Sea; Tyre was the major city located in present-day Lebanon; created an alphabet of 22 symbols 3 2 1 Phoenicians Phoenicians

4. PEOPLE Only woman judge of the Israelite nation and prophet of the Old Testament—fought against the Canaanites Only woman judge of the Israelite nation and prophet of the Old Testament—fought against the Canaanites 3 2 1 Deborah Deborah

5. PEOPLE King of the New Babylonian Empire --- known as the reign of the Chaldeans King of the New Babylonian Empire --- known as the reign of the Chaldeans 3 2 1 Nebuchadnezzar II Nebuchadnezzar II

6. PEOPLE Israelite leader that led the Hebrews from Egypt to the ‘promised land’ of Canaan; received the Ten Commandments from Jehovah, God on Mt. Sinai Israelite leader that led the Hebrews from Egypt to the ‘promised land’ of Canaan; received the Ten Commandments from Jehovah, God on Mt. Sinai 3 2 1 Moses Moses

7. PLACES The name of the Southern half of the kingdom of the Israelites--- Jerusalem was its capital city. The name of the Southern half of the kingdom of the Israelites--- Jerusalem was its capital city. 3 2 1 Judah (Judea) Judah (Judea)

8. PLACES A historical kingdom of northern Mesopotamia around present-day northern Iraq and Turkey---Nineveh was its capital city; very warlike and invented the battering ram A historical kingdom of northern Mesopotamia around present-day northern Iraq and Turkey---Nineveh was its capital city; very warlike and invented the battering ram 3 2 1 Assyria Assyria

9. PLACES A country in southwest Asia (Middle East) and became the chosen people of Jehovah, God in the Old Testament. (monotheistic) A country in southwest Asia (Middle East) and became the chosen people of Jehovah, God in the Old Testament. (monotheistic) 3 2 1 Israel Israel

10. PLACES A historical and Biblical area around Palestine; the enemies of the Israelite nation A historical and Biblical area around Palestine; the enemies of the Israelite nation 3 2 1 Canaan Canaan

11. PLACES An ancient region around southwestern Mesopotamia and between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers---now present-day Iraq An ancient region around southwestern Mesopotamia and between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers---now present-day Iraq 3 2 1 Babylon (Babylonia) Babylon (Babylonia)

12. PLACES The site of the earliest known civilization—located in Mesopotamia (present-day southern Iraq); later became Babylonia; builder of the ziggurats The site of the earliest known civilization—located in Mesopotamia (present-day southern Iraq); later became Babylonia; builder of the ziggurats 3 2 1 Sumer Sumer

13. THINGS Form of wedge-shaped writing Form of wedge-shaped writing 3 2 1 Cuneiform Cuneiform

14. THINGS A market selling different kinds of goods A market selling different kinds of goods 3 2 1 bazaar bazaar

15. THINGS A city that governs itself as well as its surrounding countryside. A city that governs itself as well as its surrounding countryside. 3 2 1 city-state city-state

16. THINGS More of a thing or product than is needed More of a thing or product than is needed 3 2 1 surplus surplus

17. THINGS A solemn agreement between two or more parties A solemn agreement between two or more parties 3 2 1 covenant covenant

18. THINGS A group or class of people with similar backgrounds, wealth, and ways of living A group or class of people with similar backgrounds, wealth, and ways of living 3 2 1 social class social class

19. THINGS A very great shortage of food A very great shortage of food 3 2 1 famine famine

20. THINGS A government headed by one ruler, usually a king or queen A government headed by one ruler, usually a king or queen 3 2 1 monarchy monarchy

21. THINGS An empire under the Chaldeans whose emperor was Nebuchadnezzar II that rebuilt Babylon with a gigantic palace and hanging gardens. An empire under the Chaldeans whose emperor was Nebuchadnezzar II that rebuilt Babylon with a gigantic palace and hanging gardens. 3 2 1 New Babylonian Empire New Babylonian Empire

22. THINGS The scattering of people who have a common background or beliefs---usually refers to the scattering of the Jewish people from Israel in AD70 by the Romans. The scattering of people who have a common background or beliefs---usually refers to the scattering of the Jewish people from Israel in AD70 by the Romans. 3 2 1 diaspora diaspora

23. THINGS To tame animals and raise them to be used by humans To tame animals and raise them to be used by humans 3 2 1 domesticate domesticate

24. THINGS To force someone to live in another country To force someone to live in another country 3 2 1 exile exile