1. Mrs. Brown Honors Brit. Lit.

2. -Admission to the Globe cost one penny to stand and two pennies to sit. Commoners stood. Only aristocrats occupied benches. Nobles often sat on stage as a tribute to their rank. -The flying flag from the roof notified people of a play. -The Globe was a wooden structure with 8 sides. THE GLOBE THEATRE http://literature11.pbworks.com/f/theatre%20inerior.jpg

3. -Casts usually were made up of 25-30 players. -Costumes were not as elaborate as costumes we think of today. The words of the actor had to serve to realistically describe his costume, as well as the time and place it should be imagined in. For example, the following lines are from Macbeth: ACTORS AND COSTUMES "Let's briefly put on manly readiness, / And meet i' the hall together" (2.3.133-134) http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&safe=active&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla:en- US:official&biw=1280&bih=632&tbm=isch&tbnid=yPGGWtMyX3vD4M:&imgrefurl=http://www.elizabethanenglandlife.com/Elizabethan- Theatre-Actors.html&docid=AX-noB-aIoqazM&imgurl=http://www.elizabethanenglandlife.com/Elizabethan-Theatre-Actors- 1.jpg&w=287&h=221&ei=pBJiUMuDJYbo9AS2p4GICQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=376&sig=103092600407477717981&page=1&tbnh=132&tbn w=167&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0,i:82&tx=101&ty=111

4. Language was very important. In addition to clothing-specific words in plays, scenery was also something that language communicated in place of elaborate sets. The following scene- specific lines are from Macbeth: “This castle hath a pleasant seat; the air/ Nimbly and sweetly recommends itself/ Unto our gentle senses” (1.2.65-66). LANGUAGE OF PLAYS http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&safe=active&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla:en- US:official&biw=1280&bih=632&tbm=isch&tbnid=7BvrQlGT3qyJZM:&imgrefurl=http://msnoel.com/Macbeth/Macbeth.htm&do cid=xhp1aeNPOxtqJM&imgurl=http://msnoel.com/Macbeth/glamis2955a.jpg&w=311&h=290&ei=8hViUPLVNZOo8gT12YCoBw &zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=778&vpy=141&dur=559&hovh=217&hovw=233&tx=142&ty=115&sig=103092600407477717981&page= 1&tbnh=140&tbnw=153&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0,i:85

5. -Plays typically lasted 2.5 hours. -There were no acts, but there were frequent intermissions. -Scenes had to flow smoothly from one to another. -There were no stage curtains (in the modern sense). One scene blended into another without a curtain being raised or lowered. You had to constantly listen to the language for clues about where one scene would end and another would begin. TIMING/LANGUAGE OF ELIZABETHAN PLAY http://www.google.com/imgres?um=1&hl=en&safe=active&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla:en- US:official&biw=1280&bih=632&tbm=isch&tbnid=NI0-CP5NSB- 91M:&imgrefurl=http://wheretheriverruns.blogspot.com/2012/04/addams- family.html&docid=Nd3QhLd0Fv1F0M&imgurl=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z9tYzpkh3Os/T30QMzgU8- I/AAAAAAAABZ8/98pz5ShqwRg/s1600/red-velvet-curtain.jpg&w=500&h=337&ei=XhhiUOilJoq- 9QTZsoD4CQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=947&vpy=335&dur=887&hovh=184&hovw=274&tx=149&ty=13 0&sig=103092600407477717981&page=1&tbnh=139&tbnw=183&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:17,s:0,i:1 26

6. -To help the audience, the ends of scenes were often indicated by rhyme tags (often couplets) (rhyme-tag = a word or phrase used primarily to produce a rhyme) or a change of characters. -Look at the following example from (you guessed it!) Macbeth: “Fair is foul, and foul is fair. Hover through the fog and filthy air” (1.1.12-13). *This is spoken by witches. Yes, there are witches in the play! TIMING/LANGUAGE OF ELIZABETHAN PLAY CONT. http://images.halloweencostume.com/accessories_witch_hat_delux.jpg

7. -The location of characters while speaking is critical to understand a Shakespearean play. -The following types of speaking were used to show that characters were either speaking alone or with others: Aside: a character speaking to another character on stage or to the audience. Others on stage pretend not to hear.  Others pretend not to hear Characters in an aside  OTHER LANGUAGE http://www.nist.gov

8. Soliloquy: a character is on stage alone and we hear him speaking out loud. What we are really hearing is the character’s inner voice. Usually, soliloquies are used when he is facing a dilemma and we are following him through his thought process. LANGUAGE CONT. http://hamletmusic.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/hamlet-yorik.gif

9. -Macbeth is a pivotal play from Shakespeare’s career. It was written between 1603 and 1606. -In 1603, after 45 years of ruling, Queen Elizabeth died. She was succeeded by her cousin, James VI of Scotland, who became James I of England. He reigned until his death in 1625. MACBETH! http://venetianred.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/qei-armada-unknown-1588-89.jpg

10. -For as much of a literary great as Shakespeare is, he did not create the storyline for Macbeth. He borrowed the plot of the play (which he did often) from a book called Chronicles of Scotland written by Raphael Holinshed. (See your handouts for more information. -Shakespeare made several changes to the play to appeal to the new king, James I, when it was likely performed for him at Hampton Court in 1606. -We will look at all these changes as they occur throughout the play. One of James’s big interests was witchcraft. I mentioned that there are witches in Macbeth; we will see how they have a presence in the play. MACBETH CONT. http://www.britishtours.com/file/hampton-court-blue-sky_4d657b521294b-600x400.jpg

11. Act I – (Exposition) – this provides the audience with everything critical to the background of the play: the setting, mood, antecedent action (what action happened before the play began), and introduction of characters. Act II – (Complication) – this is the part of the play which is the beginning of the real action. An obstacle arises for the main character. Act III – (Climax) – this is the turning point of the story/the play where the reader can foresee the outcome. Act IV – (Falling Action) – this is where events steadily favor or oppose the main character. The playwright can’t disappoint the audience, though. He will either introduce a dramatic scene after the climax or show reactions of the main character with respect to what will happen to him Act V – (Denouement) – this is the final outcome and unraveling of events. There is death and a speech which concludes the action of the play. ORGANIZATION OF ACTS