1. Insert name of presentation on Master Slide Office equipment pilot: Standing Desks and Sitting Balls Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Public Health Wales Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

2. Background Public Health Wales: -Promote and protect population health -Across the life course -In settings across our communities -Horizon scanning and developing solutions Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

3. Sedentary behaviour Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

4. Sedentary behaviour Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team “Sedentary behaviour is not defined simply as a lack of physical activity. It is a group of behaviours that occur whilst sitting or lying down and that require very low energy expenditure. The low energy requirements distinguish sedentary behaviours from other activities that also occur while sitting down, but which require greater effort. Sitting while reading a book is a good example of a sedentary behaviour. Being seated while using a rowing machine would not count as sedentary behaviour as this activity requires effort.” – British Heart Foundation

5. Sedentary behaviour: the culprits Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team Reduced frequent periods of active human transport (walking and cycling) Increased sedentary leisure pursuits at home (television and computer based ‘activity’) Less manual occupations, with increased amounts of seated technical work or desk based office work

6. Sedentary behaviour – how much do we do it? Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team During waking hours 65% of an average person’s day is spent sedentary; 9-10 hours for adults. Sitting at work = 60% of total daily sitting time on a weekday Even on weekends people still sit for 8 hours

7. Sedentary behaviour – how much do we do it? Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team Even in the ‘active’ education and retail sectors, employees spend >6 and 2 hours respectively sitting at work, with 10 and 6 hours totally spent sitting over the day. Employees in Telecommunications spend >12 hours sitting a day! More sedentary at work = more sedentary at home. Unfortunately, people do not tend to compensate by increasing activity in their leisure time.

8. Evidence of risks Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team Overweight and obesity Type 2 diabetes Cardiovascular disease Metabolic syndrome Negative effects on mental wellbeing including depression Certain types of cancer MRI scans show fat deposited around vital organs (heart, kidneys and liver) correlated with sedentary time

9. The link Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

10. What’s happening elsewhere? In Scandinavia 90% of office workers have access to sit-stand workstations In the UK 1% of office workers have access to sit-stand workstations Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

11. Guidance: Public Health England Employers should promote that prolonged sitting (aggregated from work and leisure time) may significantly increase risk of cardio metabolic disease and premature mortality Initially progress to 2 hrs of standing a day and build up to 4 hrs Seated based work should be regularly broken up with standing and vice versa Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

12. Opportunity Avoiding long periods of sitting coupled with even short but frequent sessions of more light-intensity movement improves glucose and insulin levels Postural changes, standing and movement within an office space is considered to be light-intensity activity, which can add 0.5–2.0 kcal/min of energy expenditure compared with sitting still while performing computer work Could have a positive impact on healthy weight Reduction of musculoskeletal (eg low back) discomfort and fatigue in office workers Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

13. Sitting balls Requests from staff Some evidence of use in Scandinavia Reported benefits to core strength and stability Seen as another opportunity for staff to try new ways of working Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

14. Barriers Concerns from Health and Safety No regulated DSE assessment available Concerns of repercussions to organisation Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

15. Recommendations Recommendations for use drawn up: -Standing desks based on PHE guidance -Sitting balls based on DSE principles and ergonomic recommendations Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

16. The Pilot Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

17. Office equipment Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

18. Pre-use data Do you have any physical conditions that could be exacerbated by using the equipment? How many hours do you spend sitting each week? Generally how does sitting make you feel? How do you hope to benefit from using the equipment? For how long do you intend to use the equipment Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

19. Pre-use findings 1 out of 10 people had a condition Average of 25 hours per week spent sitting “Sluggish”, “Tired”, “Back ache”, “Shoulder pain”, “Sleepy”, “Stiff”, “Lethargic” “Less aching”, “More energy”, “Better posture”, “More opportunity to move”, “Improved comfort” Standing desk 0 -3 hrs a day Sitting balls 0 – 2 hrs a day Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

20. Post use questions How many hours do you spend sitting? How many hours do you use the equipment? How does standing / sitting ball make you feel? Do you feel you have benefitted from the equipment? If so how? Will you continue to use the equipment? Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

21. Post use findings Average of 21.5hrs a week spent sitting Average standing 2hrs (Range 0 – 8 hrs) per week Average use of sitting ball 2hrs 30 (Range 0 – 6hrs) per week “More relaxed”, “More energised”, “Less tired”, “More focussed”, “Revitalised and healthier”, “Better posture”, “Less aches and pains” 10 x YES: “Would like one of my own”, “Not enough to go round”, “No longer hurting between shoulder blades”, 10 x YES will continue to use equipment Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

22. Next steps Feedback finding to senior management Continue to monitor during 6 month periods Use information to design move to new office Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team

23. Thank you Any questions? Josef Prygodzicz Senior Public Health Specialist Cardiff and Vale Public Health Team