1. An introduction to enzymes Biol 1

2. Starter Listen to the song and write down the key words. We will revisit these words later in the lesson and use them to explain the results that you have obtained. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdMVRL4oa Uo ORACY - LISTENING LITERACY – SUBJECT TERMINOLGY

3. Learning Objectives All learners will be able to: Investigate the effect that different enzyme concentrations have on the time taken for starch to break down to maltose The majority of learners will be able to: Calculate the rate at which starch is broken down to maltose Some learners will be able to: Explain why the rate at which starch is broken down to glucose varies when the concentration of amylase is changed.

4. Why study enzymes? Think, pair, share – Why do you think it is so important for us to learn about enzymes? LITERACY - ORACY COMMUNICATING WITH OTHERS

5. Why study enzymes? Think, pair, share – Why do you think it is so important for us to learn about enzymes? Nantgarw - http://www.biocatalysts.com/http://www.biocatalysts.com/ Ystrad Mynach - http://www.enzymes.co.uk/contact-us.php http://www.enzymes.co.uk/contact-us.php Pontypool - http://www.mediwales.com/members/applied- enzyme-technology-ltd/ http://www.mediwales.com/members/applied- enzyme-technology-ltd/ Cardiff university - http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/articles/enzyme- catalysis-unravelled-in-new-research-11876.html http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/articles/enzyme- catalysis-unravelled-in-new-research-11876.html Cwricwlwm Cymreig Wellbeing - Economy

6. Why study enzymes? Think, pair, share – Why do you think it is so important for us to learn about enzymes? Waste management using enzymes - http://www.specialtyenzymes.com/products/t erm/waste-management http://www.specialtyenzymes.com/products/t erm/waste-management Reducing pollution using enzymes - http://universitypost.dk/article/new-enzymes- cut-pollution http://universitypost.dk/article/new-enzymes- cut-pollution ESDGC - Environment

7. Equipment (per pair) 3 syringes (do NOT mix them up) 1 or 2 test tube racks 10 test tubes 2 spotting tiles Stopwatch Distilled water Amylase Starch Iodine Dropping pipette Large beaker Thermometer Masking tape COMMUNICATING WITH OTHERS LITERACY - ORACY

8. Method 1. Take 5 test tubes and using the table above make up the 5 varying concentrations of each dilution of amylase enzyme. Label your test tubes clearly. 2. Place 5ml of starch in 5 other separate test tubes 3. Set up the water bath at 25 0 C. This must be maintained throughout the practical. 4. Place 1 drop of iodine into each well of the spotting tile. 5. As a control, place 1 drop of starch solution into 1 of the wells, in the spotting tile, with 1 drop of iodine. NUMERACY – MAKING MEASUREMENTS

9. Method 6. Take test tube labelled with 100% concentration amylase and add the 5ml of amylase to the 5ml starch. Start the stop clock. Immediately test for starch by placing 1 drop of the solution into the first well of the spotting tile. Now every 10 seconds, test another drop from the test tube in a different well of the spotting tile, with iodine. Continue doing this until the test for starch is negative, (that is the iodine remains orange). Record the time taken, (in seconds), for no colour change to occur. 7. Wash the spotting tiles out that you have just used, ready to use again. 8. Repeat steps 1 – 4 for each of the 4 other dilutions. If there is no end result after 5 minutes, then terminate the run at that point but record your results.

10. Health and Safety Glassware – handle glassware sensibly and move around the laboratory in a sensible manner. If any breakages occur, do not clean up, alert me instead. Iodine: HARMFUL – wear a lab coat and safety glasses throughout the practical.

11. Table drawing What are the rules for table drawing? Independent variable = Dependent variable = During your practical you must consider why the results have occurred using the Key words from the ‘enzymes’ song. NUMERACY THINKING SKILLS

12. Equipment (per pair) 3 syringes (do NOT mix them up) 2 test tube racks 10 test tubes 2 spotting tiles Stopwatch Distilled water Amylase Starch Iodine Dropping pipette Large beaker Thermometer Masking tape COMMUNICATING WITH OTHERS LITERACY - ORACY