1. Headway Elementary Unit 1) Bigger and Better ! Who is taller than Noor? She’s smaller and younger than me. Adjective Fast Big Dirty Dangerous Noisy Modern Unfriendly Exciting expensive Opposite Cheap Slow Friendly Clean Quiet Old Safe Boring small

2. Make sentence comparing life in the city and country – page 74 The country is cheaper than the country. The city is noisier than the country. The city is dirtier than the country. The city is more expensive than the country. The city is more exciting than the country.

3. Grammar spot /page 74 I’m older than you. Your class is noisier than my class. Your car is more expensive than my car. The comparative of good and bad are irregular. Good – better- best Bad- worse - worst

4. Exercise page 75 2. A. Moscow is safer than London. B. No, it isn’t. Moscow is much more dangerous. 3. A. Paris is bigger than Madrid. B. No, it isn’t ! It’s much more smaller. 4. A. Hong Kong is more expensive than Rome. B. No, it isn’t. Hong Kong is much cheaper. 5. A. The buildings in Tokyo are more modern than the buildings in New York. B. No, they aren’t. They’re much older. 6. A. The Underground in London is better than the Metro in Paris. B. No! The Underground is much worse.

5. Page 92 exercise 5 1.It is going to rain. 2.You’re going to be late. 3. I’m going to sneeze. 4. They’re going to have a baby. 5. She’s going to win the race. 6. He’s going to jump. 8. He’s going to fall. 9. It’s going to take off.

6. Page 92/ exercise 6 1.Take an umbrella. It’s going to rain. 2.Look at the time. You’re going to be late. 3.Anna’s running very fast. She’s going to win the race. 4.Look ! Jack’s on the wall. He’s going to fall. 5.Look at that man! He’s going to jump. 6.They’re going to have a baby. 7.Look at that plane! It’s going to take off. 8.Oh dear. I’m going to sneeze. AAAttishooo! ‘Bless you!’

7. page 92 Holland – see the tulips – pic 4 Spain – visit the alhambra palace – pic 7 Moscow- walk in the Red Square – pic 9 Egypt – visit the pyramids – pic 2 Kenya – take photographs of the lions- pic 5 India- visit the taj Mahal- pic 6 China – walk along the Great Wall – pic- 1 Japan- see Mount Fuji – pic 3 The USA – fly over the Grand Canyon – pic 10 Rio – enjoy the sun –pic 8

8. Grammar Spot – page 92 1. With the verbs to go and to come, we usually use the present Continuous for future plan. Say: I am going to Holland tomorrow. T I am coming this evening. T Don’t say: I am going to go to Halland tomorrow. X I am going to come this evening. X

9. Infinitive page 92 & page 93 2. I’m going to Holland to see the tulips. or I’m going to Holland because I want to see the tulips. The infinitive [ to see] tell us why something happens. I’m going to America to learn English. To learn = infinitive= because I want to learn. Why and when / page 93 Why did you go to England? To learn English When did you go ? Two years ago. Why are you going to Dubai? To go shopping. When are you going ? In two week’s time.

10. page 93-94 Check it- Exercise 5 1. It is going to rain. 2. Are you going to wash your hair? 3. She’s going to have a baby. 4. I’m going to the post office to buy some stamps. 5. I’m going home early this evening. 6. I opened the window to get some fresh air. 1.Match a verb with a noun or phrase. have an accident- win a race- feel sick- float in water- get top mark

11. Sky – Diver- Reading page 94 Clem Quinn was always interested in flying. When he was five, he tried to fly by jumping off the garden shed with a golf umbrella, but when he grew up he didn’t become a pilot, he became a taxi driver. Then 20 years ago he did a parachute jump and loved it. He decided that being a taxi driver in London was a lot more dangerous than jumping out of a plane, so he moved to the country to learn parachute jumping and sky- diving. He is now a full- time teacher of sky- diving. He says : ‘ I love sky- diving because the world looks so good-blue sky, green fields, white clouds. You float through the air, it’s like floating in the water. You can see forever, all the way to the French coast. The views are fantastic. You can forget all your worries. People think it is dangerous but it is very safe. Football is much more dangerous. Footballers often have accidents. When did you last hear of a sky –diving accident’? Next July I am going to do a ski- dive with 100 people from six planes. That’s a record. I’m never going to retire. I’m going to jump out of planes until I’m an old man.’

12. Questions page 94 1.What happened when he was a child? He tried to fly. 2.What job did he do when he grew up? He worked as a taxi driver. 3.How did he become interested in in the sport? When he did a parachute jump, 20 years ago. 4.Why does he like the sport? 5. Does he think it is a dangerous sport? No he doesn’t. The world looks so good— 6.Does he teach the sport? Yes, he does. 7.What is his future plans? He is going to do a sky- diving. 8. When is he going to stop doing it? He never wants to stop it.

13. Racing Driver- page 95 Sue Glass had a car accident when she was eight so she didn’t like driving.When she grew up this was a problem, because she got a job with a car company. Then six years ago she met Julian Swayland, a racing driver, and she told him she was afraid of cars. He wanted to help, so he took her to Brands Hatch, a Grand Prix racing circuit. He drove her round corners at 100 mph and she loved it. Then she heard about a special motor racing course. He did the course with five men and was amazed when she got top marks. She says: ‘ I think I did well because I listened to everything the teacher said. I needed to because I was so afraid. The best moment was my first championship race. I didn’t win but I came fourth out of 20. I love the excitement of motor racing but it’s a dangerous sport and I’m always frightened. In fact I stopped doing it a year ago, because I got so nervous before each race, I felt really sick. I’m not going to race again. I’m going to teach other people to drive. I’m going to open a driving school next year.

14. Questions - page 95 1.What happened when she was a child? She had a car accident. 2.What job did she do when she grew up? She worked in a car company. 3.How did she become interested in in the sport? She met Julian Swayland. He drove her around and she love it. 4.Why does she like the sport? She loves the excitement of motor racing. 5. Does she think it is a dangerous sport? Yes, she thinks so. 6.Does she teach the sport? No, but she is going to teach other people to drive. 7.What is her future plans? She is going to open a driving school. 8.When is she going to stop doing it? She stopped a year ago.

15. Vocabulary about weather – page 96 Grammar – shall- let’s – page 97 Sunny – rainy – windy- snowy- cloudy- foggy 1.What’s the weather like today. It’s sunny. 2.What was the weather like today? It’s rainy and windy. 3.What’s it going to be like tomorrow? I think it is going to b cloudy and foggy. The question What---like ? Asks for a question. What’s the weather like?= Tell me about the weather. Grammar / shall / let’s / page 97 We use shall to ask for and make suggestions. What shall we do ? Shall we go swimming? = I suggest that we go swimming. We use let’s to make a suggestion for everyone. Let’s go= I suggest that we all go. Let’s = let us

16. Headway Elementary -Unit 14 Have you ever? Has she ever ? Present perfect + ever and never- Page 106 Countries: Morocco- Brazil- Egypt- Germany- Great Britain- the USA- United Arab Emirates- Italy- Japan – Canada – Saudi Arabia Have you ever been to Italy. Present perfect Maria’s been to Tunis= Maria has gone to Tunis. Maria hasn’t been to Italy. She hasn’t gone.

17. 1.We use Present Perfect to talk about experiences in our lives. Have you ever ( any time in your life) been to Paris? 2.We use the past simple to say exactly when something happened. When did you to Paris? Last year 3.We make the present perfect tense with has/ have + the past participle Examples present perfect and negative forms. I have been to Italy. I haven’t been to Italy. She has traveled to London. She hasn’t traveled to London. We have spoken to the teacher. We haven’t spoken. They have eaten the food. They haven’t eaten. Grammar Spot Present Perfect page 107

18. Questions: Has she traveled? Have we eaten? Have I said something bad? Past participles of some verbs. Write the infinitive( the simple present form) page 107 Eaten – eat- made- make- given- give- seen- see- taken- take- won- win – met- meet- driven- drive- had- have/has – drunk- drink- cooked- cook- stayed- stay- bought- buy- flown- fly- done- do Have you eaten ? Do you eat your food? Has she made a mistake? Does she make mistakes? Grammar Present Perfect –exercise page 107

19. Note: Have you opened the door? Present perfect. Do you open the door? Verb in the infinitive or simple present here. Say : Have you finished your exams? T Don’t say: Have you finish your exams? X Rule says: have/has + finished- [ past participle] Page 109 present perfect + just and yet 1.Have you ever been to the Crown jewels yet? Until now 2. We haven’ t been to the Cinema yet? Until now 3. We’ve just had a boat ride on the Thames river. just = now – done lately Grammar spot page- 109

20. Grammar spot – page 109 We can use ‘yet’ with two of the following. 1.Positive sentence: Don’t say: I have been to the Cinema yet. X 2. Question Say: Have you ever been to Italy yet? T 3. Negative Say: I haven’t done my homework yet? T

21. Unit 14-Page 110 Have you ever walked a long way? You can say : never- or once – or more When? Last week or any other answer Where? At the beach or any other answer Who with ? With my sister or any other answer Note: the same with the following questions: Have you ever cycled a long way? Have you ever ridden a motorbike? Have you ever ridden a horse?

22. Reading Tudor Jones- page 111 Tudor Bowen- Jones is going to spend his 90 th birthday doing what he loves best – hitch hiking. Tudor, a retired teacher from South Wales, has spent 60 years hitch- hiking all over the world. He is now on his seventh passport, and wants to be in Vienna for his birthday. Tudor’s first journey abroad was to France and Belgium in 1947. Now he likes to make two or three journeys a year. But he has never learned to drive. Tudor says:’ I started hitch- hiking round Britain in the 1940s when I didn’t have any money. It was the only way to travel. I’ve been to 40 countries, and I think it’s an excellent way to visit places and meet people. People are usually very surprised when I tell them what I am doing!’ His journeys have taken him across Europe, the Middle East, and South America, and he has taken all kinds of interesting lifts. He has hitch- hiked with a horse and cart in Hungary, ridden a motorbike across Egypt, sat in the back of a hearse in France, and enjoyed the comfort of a ROllls –Royce in Germany. The longest he has waited for a lift is twelve hours.

23. Tudor Bowen- Jones and answers Once a drive took out a gun. Tudor was frightened, but the driver cleaned the gun and put it back again! Tudor says that hitch- hiking is not dangerous, if you are careful. He has made friends all over Europe. They come and visit him in his little home in Wales. “ I am always going to hitch- hike,’ Tudor says. Answers: page 110. 1.No, he doesn’t. He’s retired. 2.He likes hitch-hiking. 3.He started traveling 60 years ago. 4.He went abroad for the first time in 1947. 5.He’s been to 40 countries. 6.Yes, he has. 7.Yes, he has 8.Yes, he has 9.He has ridden a motorbike across Spain. 10.He’s going to spend his 90 th birthday in Vienna.

24. Questions page 110 Tudor Bowen Jones 1.Does he have a job? 2.How does he like to travel? 3.When did he start traveling? 4.Which year did he go abroad for the first time? 5.How many countries has he been to? 6. Has he been to Egypt? 7.Has he been to the USA? 8.Has he ever been frightened ? What happened?

25. Josie Dew – page 110 1.Does she have a job? 2.How does she like to travel? 3.When did she start traveling? 4.Which year did she go abroad for the first time? 5.How many countries has she been to? 6. Has she been to Egypt? 7.Has she been to the USA? 8.Has she ever been frightened ? What happened?

26. Josie Dew – page 111 When Josie was young, she fell out of a car So she has never learned how to drive. She was still at primary school when she decided she wanted to travel. So when she was eleven, she decided to go for long bike rides, and cycled 40 or 50 miles every day. Josie says:’ The only good thins about secondary school was cycling there and back. I left when I was 16. I love cooking, so I started a business. I cooked three course meals and delivered them by bike! In 1985 as soon as had some money, I cycled to Africa and back.’ Josie has been to 40 countries and has had all kinds of interesting experiences. She has cycled through the Himalayan mountains in Nepal, then down into India. She has traveled through tornados in the USA. She was in Romania when someone killed President Ceausescu. She wants to go to Egypt, but she hasn’t been there yet. She has sometimes traveled with friends, and even her mother, but she has often cycled alone. She had only one really frightening experience – a dog attacked her in Bulgaria. In 1997 she hurt her knee very badly, so she started writing books about her

27. Unit 14- Josie Dew- page 111 and answers page 110 Journeys. She has written five books, and now she’s on her bike again! At the moment she’s planning to cycle around New- Zealand. Answers: 1.No she doesn’t, but she writes books about her journey. 2.She likes cycling. 3.She started travelling in 1985. 4. X 5.She’s been to 40 countries. 6.NO, she hasn’t. 7.Yes, she has. 8.Yes, she has. A dog attacked her. 9.She has cycled through the Himalayan mountains. 10.She’s going to cycle around New- Zealand.

28. Match the question words page 112 1.What..? A suitcase 2.Where? Spain 3.When? Last September 4.Why ? Because I needed a holiday 5.Who? Nobody 6.How? By boat 7.Which? The small brown one 8.Whose ? It’s mine