1. Teacher Professional Development Workshop Energy Efficiency Assessments Name Title Nebraska Public Power District Ph. E-mail

2. Energy Efficiency and Your School Understand how your school uses energy Investigate Develop a plan Implement improvements Review energy use during the one year period following implementation of improvements

3. Energy Benchmarking The purpose of benchmarking is to compare energy use of your school to other schools Creates awareness of building performance Can aid in determining if opportunities exist to save energy

4. How to Benchmark Gather electricity and natural gas usage history (and propane, fuel oil, etc. if applicable)  kWh, kW, therms, gallons Obtain building square footage  From blueprints, school staff  Verifying via physical measurement is a good idea!  Include all storage areas, mechanical/electrical rooms, etc. Important: Ensure the usage history matches building area!  E.g., if electric meter serves the weight room located in a detached building in addition to the school, include the weight room in the square footage

5. Benchmarking Example Let’s say school area is 62,000 square feet. Then, kWh/sqft = 564,000 kWh / 62,000 sqft = 9.1 kWh/sqft watts/sqft = 220 kW / 1000 watts per kW / 62,000 sqft = 3.55 watts/sqft Note - use highest monthly demand therms/sqft = 15,950 therms / 62,000 sqft =.26 therms/sqft Your electric utility can help you evaluate these numbers Month Electricity Consumption (kWh) Demand (kW)Electric Billing Gas Consumption (therms) Gas Billing Jan 201255,000200$5,000.00 2,200$1,870.00 Feb 201250,000180$4,500.00 1,900$1,615.00 Mar 201242,000175$3,780.00 2,100$1,785.00 Apr 201240,000180$3,600.00 1,850$1,572.50 May 201244,000185$3,960.00 800$680.00 Jun 201236,000160$3,960.00 250$212.50 Jul 201238,000150$4,180.00 200$170.00 Aug 201250,000210$5,500.00 650$552.50 Sep 201260,000220$6,600.00 850$722.50 Oct 201245,000180$4,050.00 1,400$1,190.00 Nov 201251,000190$4,590.00 1,700$1,445.00 Dec 201253,000185$4,770.00 2,050$1,742.50 Totals:564,000 $54,490.00 15,950$13,557.50

6. Lighting Accounts for significant portion of building energy consumption Contributes to student morale, productivity, and safety Turn off the lights!  Occupancy sensors  Take advantage of natural daylight to dim lighting

7. Lighting Lighting upgrades  Replace T12 fluorescent lamps with T8 lamps, or better yet LED Replace magnetic ballasts with electronic  Replace high intensity discharge (HIDs) with high intensity fluorescent lamps or LED  Replace incandescent bulbs with CFLs or LED  Exterior – install high pressure sodium or LED  Exit signs – replace incandescent with LED One tenth of the wattage and last 50 times longer

8. Appliances and Electronics Plug loads from office equipment (computers, copiers, printers, and vending machines)  Set computers to go into sleep mode after 5 – 15 minutes of inactivity $20 - $75 per year savings Screen savers do not reduce energy use  Every 100 watt reduction in computer energy consumption translates into 28 watt drop in cooling loads  Using laptops instead of desk top computers can save 80 – 90%

9. Appliances and Electronics  Phantom loads - many appliances continue to draw a small amount of power even when they are off Televisions, stereos, computers, kitchen appliances Look for ENERGY STAR label on all electronics and appliances, and vending machines!

10. Building Structure Improvements Wall and ceiling/attic insulation  Save energy and improve occupant comfort Reduce air infiltration by sealing and weatherizing  Caulk Windows Doors/weatherstripping

11. Food Service Equipment Clean freezer/cooler coils Minimize operating time of kitchen appliances  Ovens should need no more than 15 minutes of preheat  Operate vent hoods only when necessary Consider installing variable speed vent hoods Use ENERGY STAR fryers, refrigerators, dishwashers, etc.

12. Water Heating Limit water storage temperatures to 130 ° - 140°F  Install booster heater where higher temps are needed, such as kitchens. Ensure hot water piping is insulated Investigate use of heat exchanger to recycle heat from hot wastewater.

13. Heating, Ventilating and Air- Conditioning (HVAC) Controls  Programmable thermostats Automatically adjust temperature to preset levels Quick payback for a space that does not require 24/7 heating or cooling  Temperature settings During summer months, adjusting thermostat setting up 1˚F can typically save 2 – 3% of cooling costs

14. Heating, Ventilating, and Air- Conditioning (HVAC) Controls (continued)  Are exhaust fans shut off when building ventilation is not needed?  Does your school have an Energy Management System? i.e., computer control of HVAC system A consultant or controls expert may be required to review and provide recommendations on proper settings and schedules

15. HVAC Maintenance Building owners can save 5 to 20 percent annually by implementing best practices  Replace air-conditioner filters  Clean coils (condenser, evaporator)  Tune-up boilers annually  Repair piping and air duct leaks  Repair insulation on ductwork, piping, and equipment Consider service agreements with outside contractors, or train in-house facility staff

16. EnergyWise SM Incentive Programs for Schools http://www.nppd.com/save-energy/for-your-business/ Lighting Variable Frequency Drive HVAC HVAC Optimization

17. Energy Efficiency… And Your Home Understand how your home uses energy Investigate Develop a plan Implement improvements Review energy use during the one year period following implementation of improvements

18. Typical Home Consumption http://www.energysavers.gov/tips/home_energy.cfm Source: 2010 Buildings Energy Data Book, Table 2.1.1 Residential Primary Energy Consumption, by Year and Fuel Type.

19. Home Energy Calculator Home Energy Calculator is available at: http://www.nppd.com/save-enery/homeenergysuite/

20. Building Structure Improvements Wall and ceiling/attic insulation  Save energy and improve comfort  R-38 attic insulation (approx. 12”) minimum Caulking – reduces air infiltration by sealing cracks  Very cost effective efficiency improvement! Electrical outlet gaskets work great! Seal around doors - weatherstripping Seal and insulate ductwork – Duct tape is not for ducts!  Use mastic sealant or aluminum foil tape instead

21. When to Replace Windows You feel air drafting in around the window, even when it is closed You struggle to open your windows, or keep them open Your windows leak or the sills are wet inside after a rain Your windows are unattractive, with chips, cracks, broken sashes or warped sills

22. Lighting Compact fluorescent lighting (CFL) uses about 75% less energy and lasts up to 10 times longer LEDs are HERE! In comparison to CFLs, they: use less energy, last up to 3 times longer, work better in dimming applications and contain no mercury. Replacing 15 inefficient incandescent bulbs in your home with energy-saving bulbs could save you about $50 per year Replace with ENERGY STAR ® -qualified bulbs for achieving the best savings Consider occupancy sensor for areas with intermittent use

23. Appliances and Electronics ENERGY STAR appliances  Contain technologies that use 10 – 50% less energy Set computers to go into sleep mode after 10 – 15 minutes of inactivity  Screen savers do not reduce energy use! Unplug battery chargers and power adapters when not in use  Some products use energy even when they are off  Use a power strip

24. Kitchen Appliances Minimize use of the stove for cooking during the summer Select the right pan or appliance. Oversized pans waste energy. Keep lids on pans (can save 3 times the energy, plus reduce moisture load into home) Defrosting frozen foods in the refrigerator will reduce cooking time. Use microwave oven or countertop appliances  Use less energy and require shorter cooking times than oven, therefore less heat in the kitchen  Less heat that has to be removed by your air conditioning unit

25. Appliances Clothes Washer and Dryer  Later in the evening or early morning  During mid-day makes the a/c run longer  Try using a clothes line!!! Dishwasher  Same time of day as laundry  Dishwasher uses less water than washing by hand  Turn off your dishwasher’s “heat dry” setting (let dishes air dry) Refrigerator  New unit uses one-third of the energy as a 25-year old unit  Keep unit full, but not packed  Do you really need that 2nd refrigerator?

26. Water Heating Install aerating, low-flow faucets  Low-flow showerheads can save 5 gallons over a typical bath Set water heater thermostat to 120°F Insulate the first 6 feet of the hot and cold water pipes connected to the water heater. Efficient, water-saving ENERGY STAR clothes washer  Can save 7,000 gallons of water per year

27. Thermostat No Yes Programmable thermostat

28. Thermostat Set your thermostat as high as comfortably possible in the summer and as low as comfortably possible in the winter Use a programmable thermostat* A setback schedule can save up to 10% - 15% During summer months, adjusting thermostat setting up 1˚F can typically save 2 – 3% of cooling costs  During winter months, for each 1˚F the thermostat is adjusted down over an 8 hour period translates to a 1% savings in heating costs *Today’s electronic thermostats have a “smart” feature that allows the temperature to rise to the wake setting gradually and avoids using the less-efficient back up system. If you have a non-programmable thermostat and a heat pump, only adjust your temperature down a few degrees to avoid over-use of the less-efficient back up system.

29. Ceiling Fans During the summer:  Will allow you to raise the thermostat setting about 4°F with no reduction in comfort  Turn off ceiling fans when you leave the room Fans cool people (not air and not rooms) by creating a wind chill effect In summer, blow down, not up! Look for the ENERGY STAR logo!

30. Bathroom Exhaust Fans Use the bathroom fan to remove the heat and humidity from your home following a shower Make sure bathroom (and kitchen fans) are vented to the outside (not just to the attic) Install a timer to shut the fan off Size it right – 1 cfm per square foot

31. Window Coverings Blinds and curtains - Adjust to control light  Completely closed/lowered on a sunny window, highly reflective blinds can reduce heat gain by around 45%. If it cools off at night, open the windows!  But don’t forget to close up before it gets hot outside again!

32. Heating and Cooling Maintenance Check furnace or air handler filter monthly. If it’s dirty, replace it! Use pleated filters. Air conditioners and heat pumps need regular maintenance in order to perform at top efficiency. Keep the outside unit clear and clean!

33. Heating and Cooling System – Replacement?

34. Heating & Cooling System - Considerations Choose unit with the highest efficiency rating you can afford For air source heat pumps and air-conditioners  SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) of 14 or higher For geothermal heat pumps  EER (Energy Efficiency Ratio) 17 or higher The higher the HSPF (Heating Seasonal Performance Factor) or C.O.P. (Coefficient of Performance), the better Have the heat pump sized to your home! Options  Two stage units, or variable speed compressors Increased efficiency and superb home comfort Warranty Price

35. Home Energy Efficiency A 2011 survey found that Americans who completed an average of four energy-efficient improvements noticed a decrease in their monthly utility bills Survey by Shelton Group, Energy Pulse 2011. Most Americans stop at 2 or 3 home improvements and expect to see results on their utility bills When they don’t, they lose the motivation to make more energy-efficient improvements Stick with it!!!

36. EnergyWise SM Incentive Programs Residential http://www.nppd.com/save-energy/for-your-home/ Attic Insulation  Electric heat and heat pump customers  Maximum current insulation – 6 inches  Must add minimum of 6 inches or R19 equivalent Heat Pumps  14 SEER air source - $200  15 SEER air source - $400  16+ SEER air source - $600  Ground source - $1200 or $1700 (depending on model) Tax credits through 2016 - 30% of installation cost Cooling System Tune-up  $30  Eligible every three years  Must be split system with outdoor unit (no window A/Cs)

37. Financing Nebraska Energy Office  Dollar and Energy Saving Loans 3.5% to 5%  EnergyWise SM Heat Pump Loans 2.5% Community Action Partnership of Mid-Nebraska  Up to $6,500 of improvements free of charge  Eligibility based on income  Participant-owned homes and rentals  Frame and mobile homes qualify

38. Questions?