1. Why does publishing open access help early career researchers? Perspectives from PLOS Rachel Drysdale – Taxonomy Manager Roli Roberts – Senior Editor – PLOS Biology Clare Garvey – Senior Research Editor – PLOS Medicine March 2016

2. PLOS Mission PLOS is a non-profit publisher and advocacy organization with a mission to accelerate progress in science and medicine by leading a transformation in research communication.

3. Circulated the Open Letter (34,000+ signatures) 2000 Major PLOS Milestones, 2000 – 2002 $9 million Moore Foundation grant to launch journals 2002 2001 PLOS founded and incorporated

4. Major PLOS Milestones, 2003 – 2007 2006 PLOS ONE, new selection criteria—now the world’s largest journal 2004 PLOS Medicine, OA alternative top-tier medical journal PLOS Biology, OA alternative top-tier biology journal 2003 PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, community journal with startup Funding from Gates Foundation 2007 PLOS Computational Biology, PLOS Genetics and PLOS Pathogens, community journals 2005

5. 2010 OA as a Sustainable Model and Hub 2013 10th anniversary of PLOS publishing; Accelerating Science Awards Program, pioneers who applied Open Access research to innovate in any field and benefit society and 100,000 th article published Major PLOS Milestones, 2008 – 2013 2008 Open Access Week, co-founded by PLOS, SPARC and Students for Free Culture to promote Open Access 50,000 th article published by PLOS 2012 Article-Level Metrics, Blogs and Currents, innovations and experiments in publishing 2009

6. 2010 OA as a Sustainable Model and Hub 2013 10th anniversary of PLOS publishing; Accelerating Science Awards Program, pioneers who applied Open Access research to innovate in any field and benefit society and 100,000 th article published Major PLOS Milestones, 2008 – 2013 2008 Open Access Week, co-founded by PLOS, SPARC and Students for Free Culture to promote Open Access 50,000 th article published by PLOS 2012 Article-Level Metrics, Blogs and Currents, innovations and experiments in publishing 2009

7. 2010 OA as a Sustainable Model and Hub 2013 10th anniversary of PLOS publishing; Accelerating Science Awards Program, pioneers who applied Open Access research to innovate in any field and benefit society and 100,000 th article published Major PLOS Milestones, 2008 – 2013 2008 Open Access Week, co-founded by PLOS, SPARC and Students for Free Culture to promote Open Access 50,000 th article published by PLOS 2012 Article-Level Metrics, Blogs and Currents, innovations and experiments in publishing 2009

8. 2010 OA as a Sustainable Model and Hub 2013 10th anniversary of PLOS publishing; Accelerating Science Awards Program, pioneers who applied Open Access research to innovate in any field and benefit society and 100,000 th article published Major PLOS Milestones, 2008 – 2013 2008 Open Access Week, co-founded by PLOS, SPARC and Students for Free Culture to promote Open Access 50,000 th article published by PLOS 2012 Article-Level Metrics, Blogs and Currents, innovations and experiments in publishing 2009

9. 2010 OA as a Sustainable Model and Hub 2013 10th anniversary of PLOS publishing; Accelerating Science Awards Program, pioneers who applied Open Access research to innovate in any field and benefit society and 100,000 th article published Major PLOS Milestones, 2008 – 2013 2008 Open Access Week, co-founded by PLOS, SPARC and Students for Free Culture to promote Open Access 50,000 th article published by PLOS 2012 Article-Level Metrics, Blogs and Currents, innovations and experiments in publishing 2009

10. 2010 OA as a Sustainable Model and Hub 2013 10th anniversary of PLOS publishing; Accelerating Science Awards Program, pioneers who applied Open Access research to innovate in any field and benefit society and 100,000 th article published Major PLOS Milestones, 2008 – 2013 2008 Open Access Week, co-founded by PLOS, SPARC and Students for Free Culture to promote Open Access 50,000 th article published by PLOS 2012 Article-Level Metrics, Blogs and Currents, innovations and experiments in publishing 2009

11. PLOS Biology Launched 2003 as flagship biology journal Everything - ecology, structural biology, cognitive neuro… Selective publication of substantial research advances Unique editorial model combining staff eds, academic eds Provocative “Magazine” section with range of formats Sandbox for editorial experimentation

12. PLOS Biology

13. Article-Level Metrics (ALMs) at PLOS PLOS are signatories to DORA The JIF lacks transparency and hides true impact The JIF is abused by all parties and distorts literature Article-level metrics show specific impact of work Complexity acknowledges “flavour” of impact We promote ALMs, and do not use our JIFs.

14. Article-Level Metrics at PLOS

15. Open Science Needs Open Data Data are needed to check support for conclusions Data are a valuable asset for re-use in other analyses Availability of most underlying data is very poor Availability of data enhances impact and citation We insist on all numerical data underlying graphs We encourage deposition of raw data

16. Open Science Needs Open Data

18. PLOS Medicine -Launched 2004 -Flagship Premier Open Access Medical Journal -“The most reliable medical information on the internet…..is hidden from the public and most of the world’s physicians” -Everything published at PLOS Medicine is freely available online throughout the world, with no restrictions on distribution, copying, reuse or printing. -Publishes public health and medical or clinical papers that have implications for policy or clinical change. -Clinical Trials, Cohort and Cross Sectional studies, Systematic Reviews, Prognostic tests, Modelling studies, as well Blogs, Editorials and Essays

19. Team San Francisco 4 editors including the Editor-In-Chief Cambridge 3 editors All supported by in house Publications, Marketing, IT staff. Consulting Specialty Editors (10) – Provide expert advice on manuscripts in various areas, including cancer, TB, HIV, Mental health, obstetrics Editorial Board (>100) – diverse medical fields

20. Current PLOS journals require public posting of all underlying data at publication (exceptions for patient privacy and 3 rd party data) PLOS Medicine requires analysis plan prior to peer review of observational studies PLOS journals allow public posting of pre-publication version Offer PLOS Currents for rapid communications Possible Require data sharing at or prior to submission; maintain consensus standards for confidentiality Require posting of analysis plan at submission Encourage or require public posting of pre-publication version Incorporate data posted early into later journal publication

21. Rapid developments for treatments for Ebola and Zika require data sharing.

23. Aligning journals and Researchers towards sharing data Researchers: Rapid/open sharing vs career recognition Priority for subsequent analyses What if data shared but paper not accepted? Journals Novelty/scope/impact Ethics/Validity Availability of expert reviewers in time of crisis Adherence to data sharing policies and reporting guidelines Establishing version of record

24. Major PLOS Milestones, 2003 – 2007 2006 PLOS ONE, new selection criteria—now the world’s largest journal 2004 PLOS Medicine, OA alternative top-tier medical journal PLOS Biology, OA alternative top-tier biology journal 2003 PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, community journal with startup Funding from Gates Foundation 2007 PLOS Computational Biology, PLOS Genetics and PLOS Pathogens, community journals 2005

25. PLOS Genetics reflects the full breadth, interdisciplinary nature and impact of genetics and genomics research on science and medicine. The journal’s emphasis is on studies of broad interest that provide significant insight into a biological process or processes. PLOS Genetics scope: International Editorial Board Leadership Gregory S. Barsh and Gregory P. Copenhaver Rigorously peer-reviewed, compelling content Features research articles Invited perspectives Reviews Viewpoints PLUS Engaging interviews Topical subjects Wealth of experience Learning opportunities

26. By making connections through the application of computational methods among disparate areas of biology, PLOS Computational Biology provides substantial new insight into living systems at all scales, from the nano to the macro, and across multiple disciplines, from molecular science, neuroscience and physiology to ecology and population biology. PLOS Computational Biology scope: 10 Simple Rules Collection – of special note to you: Started by Founding Editor-in-Chief Philip E. Bourne Provide a quick, concentrated guide for mastering the professional challenges research scientists face in their careers More than 55 – range of topics International Editorial Board Led by Ruth Nussinov and Philip E. Bourne ISCB Official journal of the International Society for Computational Biology

27. Reflecting the full breadth of research on bacteria, fungi, parasites, prions and viruses, PLOS Pathogens publishes outstanding original research and commentary that significantly advance the understanding of pathogens and how they interact with their host organisms. PLOS Pathogens scope: Editors-in-Chief Kasturi Haldar and Grant McFadden Publishes compelling analysis and educational content: Pearls: “Lessons that last”: Addressing current topics in pathogens research, for a broad audience Research Matters: Forum for scientists to communicate why basic research matters in their field Reviews: Analysis of rapidly advancing or topical areas Opinions: Views on topical, emerging or controversial issues

28. The first journal solely devoted to the world’s most neglected tropical diseases, PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases publishes leading research and commentary on all scientific, medical, political and public health aspects of these forgotten diseases affecting the world’s most neglected people. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases scope: Supports free writing workshops around the world. International Authorship: Encourages submissions from researchers in regions where NTDs are endemic. Over one-half of submitting PLOS NTDs authors are at institutions outside of North America and Europe Editorial Board of over 200 active researchers, clinicians, and policy makers Global Participation Initiative and Publication Fee Assistance programs ensure availability of research funding is not a barrier to publishing PLOS NTDs considers the 17 major neglected infections identified by the World Health Organization + many other important poverty-related infections. Over one billion from the world's poorest and marginalized populations are affected each year.

29. Major PLOS Milestones, 2003 – 2007 2006 PLOS ONE, new selection criteria—now the world’s largest journal 2004 PLOS Medicine, OA alternative top-tier medical journal PLOS Biology, OA alternative top-tier biology journal 2003 PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, community journal with startup Funding from Gates Foundation 2007 PLOS Computational Biology, PLOS Genetics and PLOS Pathogens, community journals 2005

30. PLOS ONE accepts scientifically rigorous research, regardless of novelty. PLOS ONE’s broad scope provides a platform to publish primary research including interdisciplinary and replication studies as well as negative results. The journal’s publication criteria are based on high ethical standards and PEER REVIEW and the rigor of the methodology and conclusions reported. PLOS ONE scope:

31. PLOS ONE provides a great home for interdisciplinary research

32. 2010 OA as a Sustainable Model and Hub 2013 10th anniversary of PLOS publishing; Accelerating Science Awards Program, pioneers who applied Open Access research to innovate in any field and benefit society and 100,000 th article published Major PLOS Milestones, 2008 – 2013 2008 Open Access Week, co-founded by PLOS, SPARC and Students for Free Culture to promote Open Access 50,000 th article published by PLOS 2012 Article-Level Metrics, Blogs and Currents, innovations and experiments in publishing 2009

33. PLOS ONE IN NUMBERS - 2015 30,000 research articles 54,000 submissions 76,000 reviewers 6,000 Academic Editors 135,000 reviews 180,000 citations (2014) 5 million page views per month (2014) 193,000 authorships

36. Open-access megajournals

37. Open Access encourages flexible re-use of content: Visibility Page views Profile-raising e.g. Collections

38. Open Access encourages Experimentation PLOS Currents Rapid Response

39. Open Access encourages Experimentation PLOS Currents Rapid Response

40. The Open Access World is a Community

41. Contributor Roles Taxonomy CRediT “brings together a diverse set of stakeholders with a common interest in better understanding and communicating the different kinds of contributor roles in research outputs” http://casrai.org/CRediT How does this help you? It surfaces your contributions.

43. Back to Mark…

44. Copyright: © 2016 The PLOS Biology Staff. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Creative Commons Attribution License

45. JournalPubs 2015 (to nearest 10) Reviewers Pathogens7702,700 ONE29,82076,000 NTDs8902,400 Genetics8703,100 CompBio6502,600 Bio2301,200 Med140630