1. Today’s Objective(s): I will be able to explain how hereditary information is passed from generation to generation. Do Now: List 2 things you remember about Genetics.

2. Genetics __________________ did a lot of research about Pea Plants. From his research he developed the _____________________________. ___________ is the trait that hides another trait. ___________ is the trait that is hidden. Gregor Mendel Principle of Dominance and Recessiveness Dominant Recessive

4. How many genes do we get from each Parent? One ______________________ says that each parent contributes one gene/allele. The genes then combine to form different combinations. Principle of Segregation

5. Where do they come from? Each individual has 2 genes/alleles for each trait 1 from Mom & 1 from Dad Do not effect each other How do we get the alleles from our parents? They are in the sperm & egg cells How many genes are in each sex cell?

6. Pea Plant Trait: Height Two possible genes T (Tall) or t (short) Combine in 3 Ways TT Tt tt Which is Heterozygous? Which is Homozygous?

7. Genotype vs. Phenotype Which of the previous combination will display the TALL characteristic? The short characteristic?

9. Today’s Objective(s): I will be able to construct a Punnett Square and determine the characteristics of Offspring. Do Now: Two possible genes R (Red) or r (White) Combine in 3 Ways RR Rr rr Which is Heterozygous? Which is Homozygous? Period 3

10. Trait: Flower Color Two possible genes R (Red) or W (White) Combine in 3 Ways R Rr rr Which is Heterozygous? Which is Homozygous?

11. What color? RR ? Rr ? rr ? RED PINK WHITE Incomplete Dominance or Blending - The offspring doesn’t resemble either parent but instead is a “blend” of both. - Discovered by Karl Correns, 1900

12. Method to Determine Likelihood of Traits: Punnett Square Organize by the Female Parent Traits vs. the Male Parent Trait Calculate the probability of the offspring’s Genotype & Phenotype.

13. Practice: The Eastern Cottontail Rabbit can be either red-brown( R) or gray-brown( r) in coloring. Describe a heterozygous rabbit by: Genotype: Phenotype: Rr Red-Brown

14. What could my genotype be? B is the dominant gene for Black fur b is the recessive gene for White fur ONLY bb!!!!

15. What could my genotype be? B is the dominant gene for Black fur b is the recessive gene for White fur Either BB or Bb!!

16. Practice 1 In humans curly hair is dominant over straight hair. Cross a hybrid curly with straight hair. Give genotype and phenotype percentage ratios. KEY: H = Curly h = Straight Hh h hhh Hh HH: Hh: hh = HH:Hh:hh % Curly: Straight = 0: 2: 2 50% : 50% X 0% : 50%: 50%

17. Practice 2 In humans, long eyelashes is dominant over short eyelashes. Cross 2 hybrids Give genotype and phenotype percentage ratios. Key: E = Long e = Short Ee e EEe ee EE Ee EE: Ee: ee = EE: Ee: ee % = Long: Short = 1: 2: 1 75% : 25% X 25% : 50%: 25%

18. Practice 3 In guinea pigs, black fur is dominant over white fur. Cross 2 hybrids Give genotype and phenotype percentage ratios. Key: B = Black b = White Bb b BBb bb BB Bb BB: Bb: bb = BB: Bb: bb % = Black: White = 1: 2: 1 75% : 25% X 25% : 50%: 25%

19. Practice 4 In mice, black fur is dominant over white fur. Cross 1 hybrid & white fur mouse Give genotype and phenotype percentage ratios. Key: B = Black b = White Bb b bbb Bb BB: Bb: bb = BB: Bb: bb % = Black: White = 0: 2: 2 50% : 50% X 0% : 50%: 50%

20. Practice 5A In pigs, black fur is dominant over white fur. Cross 2 “pure” breds Give genotype and phenotype percentage ratios. Key: B = Black b = White BB b bBb BB: Bb: bb = BB: Bb: bb % = Black: White = 0: 4: 0 100% : 0% X 0% : 100%: 0%

21. Practice 5B In pigs, black fur is dominant over white fur. Cross 2 hybrids Give genotype and phenotype percentage ratios. Key: B = Black b = White Bb b BBb bb BB Bb BB: Bb: bb = BB: Bb: bb % = Black: White = 1: 2: 1 75% : 25% X 25% : 50%: 25%

22. Notice Any Patterns? When you cross 2 pure you will always get the same results: Genotype: 100% Hybrid (Bb) Phenotype: 100% Dominant Trait When you cross 2 hybrids you will always get the same results: Genotype: 25% (HH): 50% (Hh): 25% (hh) Phenotype: 75% Dominant, 25% Recessive

23. Pedigree Charts A chart that shows genetic inheritance Each level represents a different generation Males = Squares Females = Circle

24. Practice #1 What is the probability of the offspring in the third generation being brown? Shaded = Brown Unshaded = White ? ??? BB bb

25. Practice #2 What is the probability of the offspring in the third generation being Short? Shaded = Short Unshaded = Tall ? ??? Tt