1. 9 June, 2016 Energy policy in Germany – Towards a policy for sustainable and independent energy Eszter Pászti - Márkus Science and Technology Attachée Embassy of Hungary, Berlin 17.10. 2014 Innotrends Hungary 2014 Budapest

2. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu2 Topics Overview 10 key projects of the 18th legislative term in the framework of energy transition Environmental aspects of the German energy policy Renewables – Made in Germany Energy Efficiency Export Initiative Renewable Energy Act (german: EEG) The main purposes of the new act Targets of the new act Expansion corridors in the new act EEG - good for the climate but bad for the German industy?

3. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu3 Overview Germany is not rich in natural resources The aim is: maximising its energy security with a diverse mix of energy sources and energy suppliers from around the world. After Fukushima, it is more important because the German Government decided to phase out nuclear power. ->”energy turnaround”- (german: „Energiewende”) The central aims of the German energy policy: economic efficiency, security of supply and environmental compatibility.

4. 10 key points of the german energy transition 1. Renewables, Renewable Energy Sources Act 2-3. European Climate and Energy Framework 2030 and the reform of the European emissions trading 4. Electricity market design 5. Efficiency strategy 6. Buildings strategy 7. Transmission grids 8. Distribution grids 9. Monitoring 10. Platforms 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu4

5. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu5 Environmental aspects of the German energy policy Effective climate protection is one of the greatest global challenges in the field of energy policy. The German Goverment has launched many initiatives regarding to this objective with the following aims: to enhance energy savings, to promote the more rational use of energy, to increase the share of renewable energies in overall energy supply.

6. Energy concept Ambitious objectives of the German Government in its Energy concept: Greenhouse gas emissions are to be cut by at least 80% by 2050 compared with 1990 Renewable energy is to be expanded so as to provide the bulk of our energy supply. The German energy consumption is to be reduced and our energy efficiency raised.

7. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu7 Renewables – Made in Germany This initiative exists since 2002 by the German Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi). It is an active contribution to the global fight against climate change while promoting the use of renewable energies. By showcasing Germany’s technical expertise in this field and by organising business trips to and from Germany. The initiative stimulates business contacts between German companies and those from abroad. More information: www.renewables-made-in-germany.comwww.renewables-made-in-germany.com

8. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu8 Germany has a good reputation worldwide for its high-quality technical products and its practical expertise in that era. ->The BMWi launched the Energy Efficiency Export Initiative. To bring German energy efficiency know-how and experience to other countries by: showing solutions in the field of energy efficiency; helping implement and expand energy efficiency measures to boost competitiveness; transfering know-how to the political decision-makers, key opinion leaders and market participants; contributing to international climate protection. More information: http://www.efficiency-from-germany.info http://www.efficiency-from-germany.info Energy Efficiency Export Initiative

9. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu9 German Renewable Energy Sources Act (german: EEG) The act was introduced in 2000 and gave dynamism to the use of renewable energies in Germany by prefering electricity from renewable energies into the electricity network and giving reimbursement for the producers. The result: more use of renewable energies BUT higher and higher energy prices. The act had to be reformed. The new law came into force: 01. 08. 2014.

10. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu10 The main purposes of the new act to stimulate the sustainable development of energy supply; to reduce the costs of energy supply to the national economy; to conserve fossil fuels; to promote the further development of technologies for the generation of electricity from renewable energy sources.

11. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu11 The objective is well- known: to increase the share of renewable energy sources in the German electricity supply. Renewable energy shall account for: 40% to 45% of the share in the gross electricity consumption by 2025; 55% to 60% by 2035; 80% by 2050. Now it is: 24% Targets of the new act

12. Brutto energy consumption 2013 Brown coal25, 5 % Nuclear energy15, 4 % Hard coal19, 4 % Natural gas10, 6 Mineral oil1, 0% Renewable energies 24, 1% Others4, 0% Source: Destatis

13. The reforms of the new act in facts Reduction of the reimbursement Reduction of the privileges accrding to the EEG- tax - due to the competition proceedings of the European Commission Expansion corridors in the production of energy from renewable energy resources

14. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu14 The transformation of the energy supply system shall be achieved with the help of expansion corridors. The German government supports until these values the produced energy from renewable energy resources: Onshore wind power: net annual growth corridor target of 2500 MW Offshore wind power: corridor target of 6500 MW by 2020 Solar power: net annual growth corridor target of 2500 MW Biomass: net annual growth corridor target of 100 MW Expansion Corridors

15. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu15 EEG - good for the climate but bad for the German industy? The German welfare sytem is based on the industry and the success of the large - scale, small and medium-sized enterprises. BUT By using more and more renewable energies, the price of the electricity is getting higher and it has a negative effect on the competitiveness of the German industry. The aim is: to keep the enterprises in Germany despite of the high electricity prices.

16. Useful links: http://www.germanenergyblog.de/?page_id=283 http://www.bmwi.de/EN/Topics/Energy/energy- reforms.htmlhttp://www.bmwi.de/EN/Topics/Energy/energy- reforms.html http://www.erneuerbare- energien.de/EE/Navigation/DE/Home/home.htmlhttp://www.erneuerbare- energien.de/EE/Navigation/DE/Home/home.html

17. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu17 Eszter Pászti-Márkus Science and Technology Attaché Embassy of Hungary Unter den Linden 76 10117 Berlin Germany Telephon: 00 49 30 203 10 189 Email: epasztimarkus@mfa.gov.huepasztimarkus@mfa.gov.hu My contact details

18. 9 June, 2016www.nih.gov.hu18 Thank you for your attention!