1. IIIIIIIVV Types of Chemical Reactions

2. C 3 H 8 (g)+ O 2 (g)  5 3 4 1. Combustion n Reactants:  Always contain oxygen n Products:  hydrocarbons form CO 2 + H 2 O CO 2 (g)+ H 2 O(g)

3. 1. Combustion CH 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g)  CO 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(g) n the burning of any substance with O 2 to produce heat A + O 2  B + C

4. 2. Synthesis n Products:  ionic - cancel charges  Reactants with O 2 or S, products are oxides or sulfides  Reactants with oxides and groups 1 or 2 metals, products are hydroxides

5. 2. Synthesis n the combination of 2 or more substances to form a compound n only one product A + B  AB Al(s)+ Cl 2 (g)  AlCl 3 (s) 2 3 2

6. SYNTHESIS In the cartoon, the skinny bird (reactant) and the worm (reactant) combine to make one product, a fat bird

7. 2. Synthesis Example C + O 2  CO 2 OO C +  OO C OO C O O C O O C O O C O O C O O C O O C O O C O O C O O C O O C O O C O O C General: A + B  AB

8. B. Synthesis H 2 (g) + Cl 2 (g)  2 HCl(g)

9. 3. Decomposition n Products:  binary - break into elements  Metal carbonates – metal oxides and CO 2 (g)  Metal hydroxides – EXCEPT Grp 1, metal oxides and H 2 O  Metal chlorates- chlorides and O 2 (g)

10. 3. Decomposition n a compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances n only one reactant AB  A + B KBr(l)  K(s) + Br 2 (l)

11. DECOMPOSITION In this cartoon the egg (the reactant), which contained the turtle at one time, now has opened and the turtle (product) and egg shell (product) are now two separate substances.

12. 3. Decomposition 2 H 2 O(l)  2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)

13. 3. Decomposition Example: NaCl General: AB  A + B  Cl Na Cl + Na

14. 3. Decomposition Example 2 HgO  O Hg O OO + General: AB  A + B

15. Fe(s)+ CuSO 4 (aq)  Cu(s)+ FeSO 4 (aq) 4. Single Replacement/Displacement n Products:  free element must be more active (check activity series)  Metal in H 2 O – Group 1& 2: hydroxides and H 2 (g). All others: oxides and H 2 (g)  Metal in acid – salt and H 2 (g) Br 2 (l)+ NaCl(aq)  N.R.

16. 4. Single Replacement/Displacement n one element replaces another in a compound  metal replaces metal (+)  nonmetal replaces nonmetal (-) A + BC  B + AC

17. 4. Single Replacement/Displacement Cu(s) + 2AgNO 3 (aq)  Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + 2Ag(s)

18. SINGLE Replacement/Displacement Notice, the guy in the orange shirt steals the date of the other guy. So, a part of one of the reactants trades places and is in a different place among the products.

19. 4. Single Replacement/Displacement Example: Zn + CuCl 2  Zn Cl Cu + General: AB + C  AC + B Cl Zn Cu +

20. Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq)+ KI(aq)  PbI 2 (s)+ KNO 3 (aq) 5.Double Replacement/Displacement n Products:  switch negative ions (anions)  one product must be insoluble (check solubility table) NaNO 3 (aq)+ KI(aq)  N.R. 2 2

21. AB + CD  AD + CB 5.Double Replacement/Displacement n ions in two compounds “change partners” n cation of one compound combines with anion of the other

22. 5.Double Replacement/Displacement Example: MgO + CaS General: AB + CD  AD + CB S O  Mg Ca + O S Mg Ca +

23. 5.Double Replacement/Displacement Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + K 2 CrO 4 (aq)  PbCrO 4 (s) + 2KNO 3 (aq)

24. n http://www.nisd.net/communicationsa rts/pages/chem/notes.htm#reactions