1. The Relativity of Deviance

2. Labeling Theory: Howard Becker Deviance is in the eye of the beholder Labeling of deviance is a social process

3. Official Labeling: Becoming a Crime Statistic Step 1: Step 2: Police must decide… Step 3: Step 4: Step 5:

4. Reporting Crimes to the Police Citizens are more likely to report Why don’t people report?

5. Officer Discretion Offense characteristics -> officer discretion Labeling is a product of social interaction

6. Recording of Crimes by Police Political pressures, “crack downs” Professionalism Characteristics of the offense

7. The Criminal Justice “Funnel” 1,000 felony crimes 65% unreported 360 reported to police 80% no arrest 42 prosecuted 45% no charges 41 convicted in court 2% not convicted 23 incarcerated in correctional facilities