2. Day3: Periodic Table Standard #7

3. Periodic Table Standards The organization of the periodic table is based on the properties of the elements and reflects the structure of atoms a.Know how to identify regions corresponding to metals, nonmetals, & inert (Noble) gases. b. Each element has a specific number of ___ protons _____ in the nucleus (the atomic number) & each isotope of the element has a different but specific number of _____ neutrons _____ in the nucleus. c.Substances can be classified by their _ properties ____, including their melting temperature, density, hardness, and thermal & electrical conductivity.

4. 1. Development of the Periodic Table Use chapter 13 (pages 326 – 343). Who was the chemist responsible for the first periodic table? Dimitri Mendeleev He arranged the table according to the element’s properties. List some of these properties. color density melting point Currently, the periodic table is arranged according to what? Atomic number

5. Metals, Nonmetals, & Metalloids: State whether each property is a Metal (M), Nonmetal (N) or Metalloid (D). _M_ malleable _M_ ductile _D_semiconductors _M_ lustrous _M_ conductive _M_ metallic bonding _N_ brittle _N_ covalent bonding _N__ nonconductor _N__more than 4 valence electrons _N___ receives electrons in chemical reactions _M__ gives away electrons in chemical reactions _D__ possesses properties of both metals & nonmetals _N_ typically have a half set of valence electrons _N__ gaseous at room temperature _M__less than 4 valence electrons

8. Questions: a) What is an isotope? Same element, same number of protons, different number of neutrons b) What is the atomic weight? Number of protons + number of neutrons c) What does atomic weight have to do with isotopes? The atomic weight will change, because of the number of neutrons changing.

9. Question Review

10. Answers 1-4 1. What do the elements sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and bromine (Br) have in common? b.They are nonmetals 2. A diagram of the periodic table of the elements is shown. In which region of the table would nonmetals be found? c. 3 3. What is the purpose of the zigzag line on the right side of the periodic table? d. It divides the metals and nonmetals, and shows where the metalloids are. 4. The table shows the atomic mass of four stable calcium (Ca) isotopes. What characteristic is different in each isotope? d. the number of neutrons in the nucleus

11. Answers 5-9 5. How can you determine the atomic number of an atom? c. by counting the number of protons 6. Which class of elements best conducts electricity? a. Metals 7. In a comparison of metals to nonmetals, metals tend to have d. greater conductivity and higher melting points than nonmetals 8. A student divides several cubes into two groups, based on whether or not each cube can float in water. What property is the student using to classify the cubes? b. density 9. Which of the following is a chemical property that describes copper? a. conductive

12. Answers 10-13 10. What properties do the metals aluminum, copper, silver, and gold have in common? a.They conduct heat and electricity well. 11. When two atoms have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, they are called a. isotopes.. 12. According to its location on the periodic table, sodium can be described as c. an alkali metal. 13. Which of the following best describes the properties of metals? c. shiny, malleable, and conductive

13. ANSWERS 14-16 14. In what order are the regions arranged on the periodic table, reading left to right? c. metals, metalloids, nonmetals, inert gases 15. Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine make up Group 17, the halogens. Why are these elements grouped together? a. They are all very reactive nonmetals with similar chemical properties. 16. What are most of the elements in the periodic table? a. metals

14. Answers 17-20 17. An old car's bumper that was coated with chromium does not rust because chromium is c. not reactive with oxygen. 18. Metals are MALLEABLE. What does this mean? b. You can pound metals into a sheet without them breaking 19. Metals are ductile. What does this mean? b. Metals can be stretched into a wire without breaking. 20. Sulfur is NOT ductile, and NOT malleable. Is sulfur a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid? b. nonmetal

15. Answers 21-25 21. Which is true about metals? a. They are ductile b. They are malleable c. They are good conductors of electricity and heat d. ALL OF THE ABOVE 22. Silicon (#14) can conduct electricity sometimes, but not other times. It is NOT malleable. What is true about silicon ? c. It is a metalloid 23.What is true about HYDROGEN? d. It is a gas. 24. What is O? b. nonmetal 25. What is Si? b. metalloid

16. Answers: 26-30 26. How many electrons does F (#9) have? b. 9 27. How many neutrons does one atom of Helium have? a. 2 28. How many protons does one atom of H have? b. 1 29. Isotopes have the same number of: a. electrons b. protons d. A and B ONLY! 30. What is atomic mass? d. protons + neutrons

17. Questions 31-35 31. What element is "H"? b. hydrogen 32. What is the ATOMIC MASS of one atom of CARBON-14? c. 14 amu's, because carbon-14 isotopes have 2 more neutrons than carbon-12! 33. WHAT ELEMENTS are there in this chemical equation: 2H 2 + O 2 --> 2H 2 O d. both hydrogen & oxygen 34. TRUE or FALSE?: There are three DIFFERENT elements in C 6 H 12 O 6 a. TRUE 35. Elements: a. are made up of only ONE KIND of atom

18. Questions 36-39 36. Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 are examples of: a. isotopes 37. How much heavier is carbon-14 than carbon-12? d. 2 atomic mass units (amu's) 38. Why is carbon-12 called carbon-12? c. It is an isotope and has an ATOMIC MASS of 12. 39. Why is hydrogen #1 on the periodic table? d. It has one proton.

19. Questions 40-45 40.How many protons does the element Tin (Sn) have? a. 50 41.Which of the following is an example of ISOTOPES? d. hydrogen-1 and hydrogen-2 42.How many electrons in lithium? c. 3 43.The periodic table goes in order by number of: d. protons 44.How many elements are found in the chemical Pb(NO 3 ) 2 ? c. 3 45.How many protons in Oxygen (#8)? b. 8

20. Questions 46-51 46.Which of the following is the chemical symbol for OXYGEN? a. O 47.What is the SYMBOL for MERCURY (#80)? c.Hg 48.Potassium has 19 electrons. What is its SYMBOL? a. K 49.How many protons in Oxygen (#8)? b. 8 50.How many protons in Carbon (#6)? a. 6 51.What is the atomic mass of Carbon? d.12

21. 52. Why is it that some atoms of chlorine are heavier than others? b.The atoms are ISOTOPES 53.Hydrogen has 1 proton, and 1 electron. WHAT IS ITS ATOMIC MASS? a. 1 54.How many neutrons in Hydrogen? a. 0 55.Carbon has 12 amu's. WHAT IS CARBON-14? d. an isotope

22. ANSWERS 56-58 56.What is an isotope? d. BOTH B & C b. same # of protons, different # of neutrons c. same element, different # of neutrons? 57.In his right hand, Jackson holds an element that has 79 protons. In his left hand, Jackson holds an element that has 79 electrons. WHAT IS TRUE ABOUT THESE TWO ELEMENTS? d. both A & B a. they are the same elements b. they are both gold 58. If, someday, we discover element #234, how many protons would be in it? c. the same as its atomic number (234)

23. ANSWERS 59-63 59.Why is cesium (Cs) element #55? d. It has 55 protons 60.What kind of electrical charge does a PROTON have? a. positive (+) 61.What kind of electrical charge does a NEUTRON have? c. neutral 62.What kind of electrical charge does an ELECTRON have? b. negative (-) 63.What is the MASS of ONE proton? c. 1 amu

24. ANSWERS 64-67 64.What is the MASS of ONE ELECTRON? a. so little, we say "zero" 65.What is the mass of a NEUTRON? d. 1 amu 66. Imagine you have a sample of carbon, taken from a dinosaur bone. One of the atoms has 6 protons and 8 neutrons. What is its atomic mass? d. 14 67.Imagine you have a sample of carbon, taken from a dinosaur bone. One of the atoms has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. What is its atomic mass? c. 12

25. ANSWERS 68-70 68.Imagine you have a sample of carbon, taken from a dinosaur bone. One of the atoms has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. What is its atomic number? a. 6 69.Imagine you have a sample of carbon, taken from a dinosaur bone. One of the atoms has 6 protons and 8 neutrons. What is its atomic number? a. 6 70. What is the difference between an atom with 5 PROTONS and an atom with 6 PROTONS? b. One is Boron, and the other is Carbon c. The one with 6 protons has ONE MORE proton than the one with 5 protons d. both b & c