1. O PPORTUNITIES AND C HALLENGES IN S MART C ITY : A N A USTRALIAN E XAMPLE Planning and Urban Development 2014 Hoon Han 한정훈

2. Smart Technology Implications

3. Korea  Top-down approach  High-technology oriented (U-city)  Supply driven (services & manufacturing)  Limited in domestic market (Global firms are only known in domestic market)  New policy to stop applying domestic tender. Synergy  Person-based (AUS) vs. Place-based (ROK)  Needs by local (specific requirements in place)  Smart technologies (AUS) and Technology Implications & Commercialization (ROK)  Entrepreneurship between Universities (AUS) and Global Companies (AUS&ROK) Cooperation between Korea and Australia Australia  Bottom-up approach  Higher investment R&D but less commercialized (Wi-Fi, Sola-energy)  Technology but no commercialized  Supply does not meet underlying service demand  Spatial Inequality (digital ghettos)

4. ChallengesOpportunities Public Safety and Emergency  Increasing urban crime & anti- social behaviours (AUS/ROK)  Rising concern of terrorism  Managing natural disaster (Bushfire in Australia/Flooding in Korea)  Helping public organizations to protect citizens’ integrity and their properties (e.g. the use of Smart CCTV to feed real-time information to fire and police departments)  Using ICT and remote assistance to prevent and manage natural disaster Education and Culture  Increasing tuitions and education cost (AUS/ROK)  Capitalising education system  Exchanging students (AUS/ROK)  Creating more opportunities for students and teachers using ICT tools.  Promoting cultural events and motivating public participation  Managing entertainment, tourism and hospitality Social Inclusion and Urban Planning  Digital ghettos  Digital disparity (quantity/AUS) and inequality (quality/ROK)  Deliver equitable ICT services accessible to all citizen (e.g. National Broadband Network/AUS)  Making tools available to reduce barriers in online learning and participation  Facilitating innovation, entrepreneurship and integrating the city planning in national and global market Challenges and Opportunities in Smart Cities, Australia

5. An Australian Example: Public Safety and Security

6. Public Safety: Security and Risks Road Incident (NRMA fact sheet: NSW 1992-2001)  Intoxicated pedestrians account for ¼ of pedestrian fatalities  87% of pedestrian fatalities with a BAC of.05 or more occurred in the hours of darkness  >50% of the fatalities occurred on Thursday, Friday and Saturday nights Urban Crime  ‘King-hits’ - 1.30am lockout  “Daniel Christie was assaulted at 9pm, Thomas Kelly at 10pm. I’m having issues figuring out how a 1 am lockout in Sydney will stop this” (Shaun Ewing, News.com.au)  More likely to be severely injured Antisocial Behaviours  Vandalism  Illegal dumping rubbish  Urinating  Robbery Anti-terrorism  Highest alert (Islamic State)  Bombing attack (New York, London)

7. Smart City for Public Safety Prevention Post-incident Management Governance

8. Smart City Services Integrate emerging image interpretation technologies with traditional digital technology to empower the interpretative power of urban authorities and limit the production “noise streams” (Governance) Reduces the likelihood of human error and oversight through the use of sophisticated algorithms designed to identify anomalies within image sequences and trigger a range of alarms (Prevention) Manage the post-incident and risks. For example a Smart Emergency Response System might identify a traffic incident with a pedestrian, call an ambulance or police, determine the best route for the ambulance, redirect traffic away from the incident area (Post-management)

12. Typologies of the different situations of human behaviour in urban spaces

16. Urban Risk Management (Not So Smart) (Source: TMC, RTA)

17. Thank you