1. U.S. History II Frank J. Paprota Jr.

2. Chapter 28 The Cold War 1945 - 1960 Pgs. 830 - 861

3. Pgs. 832 - 837 Section 1 Healing the Wounds of War

4. DO NOW / HOMEWORK  Read Section 1, Healing the Wounds of War, pgs. 832 - 837  In your Notebooks  Do Vocabulary Words under Define & Identify on pg. 832.  Answer Read to Discover Questions 1 - 4 on pg. 832.

5. Objectives 1)Describe the actions Allied forces took to stabilize Germany and Japan after the war. 2)Discuss how the Allied powers tried war criminals. 3)Explain why the United nations was founded, and relate how it was organized. 4)Trace the events that led to the founding of the new country of Israel, and describe how Arab countries responded.

6. Define  zaibatsu

7. Identify  Potsdam Conference  Nuremberg Trials  Adolf Eichmann  Hideki Tojo  United Nations

8. Identify  Trygve Lie  Eleanor Roosevelt  Zionism  David Ben-Gurion  Ralph Bunche

9. Potsdam Conference Healing the Wounds of War Meeting of U.S. president Harry S Truman, British prime minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin after Germany’s surrender in World War IIat which they divided Germany into four zones of occupation.

10. Potsdam Conference Healing the Wounds of War Clement Attlee

11. Occupied Germany Healing the Wounds of War

12. Occupation Zones Healing the Wounds of War

13. zaibatsu Huge corporations run by single families that monopolized the Japanese economy before World War II.

14. What actions did Allied forces take to stabilize Germany and Japan after the war? Healing the Wounds of War Return refuges to their home Reform the economy Re-establish local governments End militarism Crush Nazi Party Crate a democratic government and constitution Divide country into four occupation zones under Allied control JapanGermany

15. Nuremberg Trials Healing the Wounds of War War crimes trials of high-ranking Nazi officials held by an international military tribunal in Nuremberg.

16. Hideki Tojo Healing the Wounds of War Japan’s premier during WW II. Convicted of war crimes by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and sentenced to death.

17. How did the Allied Powers try war criminals? Healing the Wounds of War They tried war criminals before military tribunals in Nuremberg, Germany and Tokyo, Japan on charges of planning the war, committing war crimes, crimes against humanity, and conspiring to commit those crimes. Many were sentenced to death or given life imprisonment. Others were jailed, fined, or barred from pubic office.

18. United Nations Healing the Wounds of War International organization chartered in 1945; created to settle problems between nations.

19. Trygve Lie Healing the Wounds of War Norwegian who served as first secretary-general of United Nations.

20. Eleanor Roosevelt Healing the Wounds of War  Former 1 st lady, wife of FDR  Selected as one of 1 st U.S. delegates to U.N.  Helped create a declaration of human rights that would provide a universal set of inalienable rights.

21. Why was the United Nations founded, and how was it organized? Healing the Wounds of War The United Nations was founded to promote world peace, human rights, equality between the sexes and between nations, respect for justice and treaty obligations, and social progress and better standards of living. All member nations were included in a General Assembly, and the United States, Great Britain, France, China, the Soviet Union and 10 additional rotating members composed the Security Council.

22. Zionism Healing the Wounds of War Movement for a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

23. David Ben-Gurion Healing the Wounds of War  Born in Poland, moved to Palestine in 1906 & expelled in 1915 for Zionist activities.  Went to U.S. to raise money & recruit volunteers  Went Britain withdrew from Palestine in 1948, promptly proclaimed new state of Israel

24. Ralph Bunche Healing the Wounds of War  U.S. diplomat appointed UN mediator in Israel-Arab War in 1949  Persuaded both sides to accept an armistice  Was first African American to win Nobel Peace Prize in 1950

25. What events led to the founding of the new country of Israel, and how did Arab countries respond? Healing the Wounds of War Founding Israel Arab response European Jews settle in Palestine after WWII UN creates partition plan for Palestine British forces withdraw from Palestine & State of Israel proclaimed 1949 UN plan divides Jerusalem Reject UN plan Refuse to recognize Israel; attack Israel

26. Pgs. 838 - 843 Section 2 The Cold War Begins

27. DO NOW / HOMEWORK  Read Section 2, The Cold War Begins, pgs. 838 - 843  In your Notebooks  Do Vocabulary Words under Define & Identify on pg. 838.  Answer Read to Discover Questions 1 - 4 on pg. 838.

28. Objectives 1)Explain what caused the Cold War, and describe U.S. strategy during the Cold War. 2)Trace how the U.S. government tried to control the development of atomic weapons. 3)Analyze how the Marshall Plan helped block the spread of communism in Europe. 4)Describe how the Western Allies responded to Soviet expansion.

29. Define  Satellite nations  containment

30. Identify  Cold War  George Kennan  Baruch Plan  Atomic Energy Act  Truman Doctrine  George C. Marshall

31. Identify  Marshall Plan  Berlin Airlift  NATO  Warsaw Pact

32. The Cold War The Cold War Begins (1945 – 1991) Long power struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union; waged mostly on economic and political fronts, rather than on the battlefield.

33. satellite nations The Cold War Begins Countries controlled by the Soviet Union.

34. George Kennan The Cold War Begins State Department official and Soviet expert who suggested a policy of containment, or restricting the expansion of Soviet communism.

35. containment The Cold War Begins U.S. foreign policy followed during the Cold War that sought to prevent the expansion of Soviet communism.

36. What caused the Cold War, and what was the U.S. strategy during the Cold War? The Cold War Begins The origins of the Cold War lay in economic, political, and philosophical differences between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, and the western powers mistrust of Soviet expansionism in Europe and the third world. The U.S. adopted a strategy of containment, or restricting the expansion of Soviet communism, throughout the world.

37. Baruch Plan The Cold War Begins Bernard Baruch’s proposal to create an international agency that would impose penalties on countries that violated international controls on nuclear weapons.

38. Atomic Energy Act The Cold War Begins 1946 Federal law that created the Atomic Energy Commission to oversee nuclear weapons research and to promote peacetime uses of atomic energy.

39. How did the U.S. government try to control the development of atomic weapons? The Cold War Begins The U.S. proposed the Baruch Plan, which called for the creation of a special international agency with the authority to inspect any country’s atomic energy plants & impose penalties on those that did not follow international rules. It also created the civilian controlled Atomic Energy Commission to oversee nuclear weapons research & promote peacetime uses of atomic energy.

40. George C. Marshall The Cold War Begins  Army Chief of Staff during World War II  Secretary of State to President Truman  Called for major U.S. effort to promote European recovery to avert economic, social, & political collapse.

41. Marshall Plan The Cold War Begins European Recovery Program; U.S. program of giving money to European countries to help them rebuild their economies after World War II.

42. How did the Marshall Plan help block the spread of communism in Europe? The Cold War Begins The U.S. feared that people in post war European countries that were experiencing severe economic difficulties would find communism more appealing. The Marshall Plan aid package stabilized these economies and led to European economic recovery.

43. Berlin Airlift Healing the Wounds of War 1948-49: Operation in which British and U.S. planes carried food and supplies to West Berlin, which was cut off by a Soviet blockade.

44. NATO The Cold War Begins North Atlantic Treaty Organization; alliance formed in 1949 by the United States, Western European nations, and other countries to help defend each other in case of attack.

45. NATO The Cold War Begins

46. Warsaw Pact The Cold War Begins Military alliance formed in 1955 by the Soviet Union and other Eastern European communist countries.

47. NATO vs.Warsaw Pact The Cold War Begins

48. How did the Western Allies respond to Soviet expansion? The Cold War Begins  Created NATO, a military alliance  Created Federal Republic of Germany  Supplied West Berlin during Soviet blockade

49. Pgs. 844 - 850 Section 3 The Cold War Turns Hot

50. DO NOW / HOMEWORK  Read Section 2, The Cold War Begins, pgs. 838 - 843  In your Notebooks  Do Vocabulary Words under Define & Identify on pg. 838.  Answer Read to Discover Questions 1 - 4 on pg. 838.

51. Objectives 1)Explain how the Chinese Communists gained control of China. 2)Analyze the factors that led to the escalation of the conflict in Korea. 3)Describe the domestic and international effects of the Korean War. 4)Discuss the methods that President Eisenhower used to promote U.S. interests abroad.

52. Define  brinkmanship

53. Identify  Chiang Kai-shek  Mao Zedong  Kim Il Sung  Syngman Rhee  Douglas MacArthur  Dwight D. Eisenhower  Central Intelligence Agency  Nikita Khrushchev  U-2 incident

54. Chinese Communists Gain Control of China Unstable republic established in 1911 Civil war between Nationalist and Communist forces Nationalists & Communists cooperation to resist Japanese Most of China under Mao’s control by 1949; retreat of Chiang’s forces to Taiwan Establishment of People’s Republic of China

55. Chiang Kai-shek The Cold War Turns Hot  Leader of Kuomintang, or Nationalist Party in Chinese civil war  Lost civil war to Mao Zedong’s Communists & retreated to island of Taiwan  Continued to be recognized as legitimate leader of China by U.S.

56. Mao Zedong The Cold War Turns Hot  Leader of Communist Party in Chinese civil war  Prevented Japan from controlling all of NE China during WWII  After war made reforms that gave land to peasants  Gained control of most of China by 1949

57. Collaborative Learning Assignment 1 Each group should create an annotated time line showing the events leading to the escalation of the conflict in Korea. Your timeline should include at least 6 different events. Due at end of class. Assignment 2 After reading President Truman’s and Jou En-lai’s quotations in the textbook write an essay analyzing what these statements reveal about why the U.S. and China escalated the Korean conflict. Due next class period.

58. The Cold War Turns Hot Allies divide Korea into two zones North & South Korea set up separate governments The US & the Soviet Union pull their troops out of Korea North & South Korean armies face off at the 38 th parallel & engage in repeated clashes North Korea invades South Korea UN Security Council brands North Korea and “aggressor,” Truman pledges US support for South Korea 1945 1948 1949 1950 June

59. Kim Il Sung The Cold War Turns Hot  Leader of Communist North Korea, known as the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea  Grandfather of North Korea’s current ruler, Kim Jong-un

60. Syngman Rhee The Cold War Turns Hot  1 st President of South Korea, known as the Republic of Korea

61. brinkmanship The Cold War Turns Hot Policy in the 1950’s that called for threatening all-out war in order to confront Communist aggression

62. Collaborative Learning Each group should draw a political cartoon with a written caption about the methods that President Eisenhower used to promote U.S. interests abroad.

63. Pgs. 851 - 857 Section 4 The Cold War At Home

64. DO NOW / HOMEWORK  Read Section 4, The Cold War At Home, pgs. 851 - 857  In your Notebooks  Answer Read to Discover Questions, pg. 851  Do Vocabulary, pg. 851.  Do Handout 28.4

65. Objectives 1)Discuss the actions the U.S. government took to limit communism at home, and describe how these actions affected Americans’ everyday lives. 2)Explain how Senator Joseph McCarthy was able to play upon Americans’ fears of communism. 3)Describe how Americans reacted to the prospect of nuclear war and the launch of Sputnik.

66. Define  hydrogen bomb

67. Identify  National Security Council  House Un-American Activities Committee  Hollywood Ten  Alger Hiss  Julius and Ethel Rosenberg  Internal Security Act  Joseph McCarthy  Margaret Chase Smith

68. Identify  Billy Graham  Sputnik  National Aeronautics and Space Administration  National Defense Education Act

69. The Cold War At Home Type 1 - The Cold War – 10 Lines 4:20

70. The Cold War At Home Created public hysteria about Communist infiltration and led to the infringement of many Americans’ civil rights

71. The Cold War At Home Created public hysteria about Communist infiltration and led to the infringement of many Americans’ civil rights Internal Security Act – required Communist Party members and organizations to register with the federal government and imposed controls on immigrants suspected of being Communist sympathizers Loyalty Review Board – investigation of more than 20,000 federal employees, resignation of some 2,000 federal employees, and firing of 300 others HUAC – investigation of peace organizations, liberal political groups, labor unions, the movie industry, and individuals accused of spying; resulted in blacklisting, hysteria, and scaring people away form unions and progressive groups

72. Type 3 Writing You are a newspaper editor during the era of McCarthyism. Write an editorial in which you describe how Senator McCarthy was able to play upon Americans’ fears of communism. Your editorial should also suggest ways that such situations might be prevented in the future and describe how McCarthy’s activities led to violations of people’s constitutional rights.

73. Cooperative Learning In your groups: 1)Prepare a list of the ways that Americans reacted to the prospect of nuclear war and the launch of Sputnik; 2)Create a poster that reflects one of the items on your list.