1. HERBARIUM Izmir – Turkey October 2009 HERBARIUMHERBARIUM HERBARIUM

2. ADACAYI / GARDEN SAGE (SALVIA OFFICINALIS)

3. Garden Sage also is known as garden, kitchen or dalmation sage, salia and salvia. This plant is native to Mediterranean region but has been naturalized to other warmer temperate climates. It is commonly found in dry banks and rocky soil. Garden sage is a fragrant shrub with silver-green leaves. Use The flowers and leaves can be dried for herbal uses. Garden Sage is commonly used in tea form. Benefits Garden sage tea is used treat sore throats. It is useful herb for coughs. Garden Sage has shown anti-bacterial properties that make it useful weapon in many illnesses. It may also support liver. Sage tea does appear to have a mild calming effects. Leaves of the sage plant can be placed in bathwather to enchance dark hair. Garden sage leaves may be applied to aching tooth to relieve pain.

4. ARAPSACI / WILD FENNEL (HELXINE SOLEIROLII)

5. This plant is also known as Wild Fennel. It grows in Aegean Region in Turkey. It is a highly aromatic herb. Use It is mostly used for cooking. It is mostly used for cooking.Benefits It is a diuretic. It is used to heal gas and also improves to digestion.

6. BIBERIYE / ROSEMARY (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS)

7. Rosemary is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant evergreen leaves. It is native to the Mediterranean region. It is a member of the mint family. Use The fresh and dried leaves are used frequently in traditional Mediterranean cuisine. Rosemary essential oil is used in many cosmetics, including skin toners, creams, soaps and hair products. Benefits Rosemary is extremely high in iron, calcium and Vitamin B6. Rosemary is used in connection with digestive problems, circulatory problems, pain, neuralgia, mild spasms, wounds, eczama, muscle pain, sciatica, rheumatism and depression as well as parasites.

8. DATCA HURMASI / CRETAN DATE PALM (PHOENIX THEOPHRASTI)

9. The Cretan Date Palm is a small palm native to the eastern Mediterranean region, with a very restricted distribution confined to a few sites in Crete in southern Greece and on the Datça and Bodrum in Mugla Province in southwest in Turkey. Use Dates have long been an important food in desert regions and are the source of syrup, alcohol, vinegar and a strong liquor. Their oil is suitable for use soap and cosmetics. Benefits As an infusion, decoction, syrup or paste, dates may be useful for sore throat, colds and bronchit.

10. DEFNE / DAPHNE (LAURUS NOBILIS)

11. Daphne also known as True Laurel, Sweet Bay, Laurel Tree, Grecian Laurel, Laurel, or Bay Tree, is an aromatic evergreen tree or large shrub reaching 10–18 m tall, native to the Mediterranean region. Use It is used as a spice in food because of smell. If you boil daphne leaves with honey and cinnamon you can drink.Daphne tea is useful to open appetite and digestion system.Also daphne oil is obtained from daphne leaves.Besides daphne soap and shampoo is useful for skin and hair.Benefits It reduces fever. It kills germs. It is digestive.

12. DENIZ BORULCESI / SAMPHIRE (SALICORNIA HERBACEA)

13. Salicornia herbacea is a plant that grows in the clean ocean, It grows in Gökova in Turkey. It is an annual plant and photosynthesizess on the foreshore; it contains minerals and enzyme of the ocean water in its body and it has the one of the longest histories on earth. Use Samphire is boiled and used in salad. Benefits Salicornia herbacea contains all kinds of ocean trace elements including salt, so it is very salty and heavy. It is like a collection of all minerals, so it has more minerals than any other foods, also it has 7 times more calcium than milk, 40 times more iron than laver or kelp, and 3 times more potassium than oysters. Besides, it has 90 kinds of ocean minerals.

14. ENGINAR / ARTICHOKE (CYNARA SCOLYBUS)

15. The Globe Artichoke is a perennial thistle originating in the Mediterranean. Use Artichokes are most frequently prepared for cooking. Artichokes can also be made into a herbal tea. The artichoke is a common vegetable that also had traditional uses in herbal medicine. The plant is used as a digestive tonic, a liver tonic. Benefits Dried or fresh leaves and/or stems of Cynara are used to increase bile production. The artichoke is also rich in vitamin C, potassium, folic acid and magnesium. An artichoke is naturally fat free and very low in calories. Aqueous extracts from artichoke leaves have also shown to reduce cholestero.

16. HASHAS / OPIUM POPPY (PAPAVER)

17. The Opium Poppy is a plant which includes morphine. The seeds are important food items, and contain healthy oils used worldwide in the culinary arts. It is widely grown in Aegean Region. Use The seeds of the poppy are widely used in and on many food items such as muffins and cakes. The seeds can be pressed to form poppyseed oil, which can be used in cooking. Benefits It helps to reduce the pain caused by any reason in the body as it depresses the activities of central nervous system. It is also used in medicine.

18. IHLAMUR / TILIA (LINDEN)

19. Linden grows in temperate climates of Mediterranean and Aegean region in Turkey.There are many different species of linden that are used medicinally. Use Different parts of the linden are used in connection with specific conditions and symptoms.The dried linden flowers are typically used to make linden flower tea. Linden flowers used in herbal teas are sometimes combined with other herbs for a more effective herbal remedy against a number of related ailments. Benefits Treating a cold or a cough, and related symptoms or ailments. Mild gall bladder problems, upset stomach or dyspepsia, and excessive gas causing the stomach to press against the bottom of the heart. Reducing stress on the body, as well as anxiety used in various products for skin care, such as moisturizer or soap.

20. KAPARI / CAPPARIS (CAPPARACEAE)

21. Capparaceae is native to the Mediterranean region. Use They are generally used in small quantities to season meat and fish sauces and marinades, sometimes added to salads, pasta and pizzas and also eaten as finger food. Benefits Good source of minerals like calcium, iron, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc and manganese, which play a very important role in maintaining proper metabolic activities of the body.. Capparis are used to treat flatulence, and improve liver function.

22. KECIBOYNUZU / CAROB (CERATONIA SILIQUA)

23. Carob grows naturally in the Mediterranean and it is not easy to find this plant in other regions.It grows in warm climates and may live to be 120 years old. Carob contains carbohydrates, tannins, proteins, minerals and dietary fibers. It is included in dairy products, baked goods, snacks and cereal as dietary fiber. Use It is eaten fresh and dried fruit.Also it is used in tea form and boiled carob juice. Benefits Improves digestion. Treat diarrhea in children and adults. It contains an active substance that is effective against asthma. It is a good expectorant. If the smokers use it for a few days, they will see how to expectorate. It doesn’t contain caffeine. It works nicely for patients that have high blood pressure. It can help to prevent lung cancer, if used regularly. It contains vitamins E and is used for the treatment of cough, flu, anemia and osteoclasis. It is also antioxidant, antiviral and antiseptic. It is used for the treatment of polio in children, as the Gallic acid in carob tannins helps to prevent polio. It is rich in phosphor and calcium. For this reason, it is used in the fight against osteoporosis.

24. KEKIK / LAMIACEAL (THYMUS SERPYLLUM)

25. It is grown in Aegean Region and related to the mint plants.It is also known by the common names of Wild Thyme or Creeping Thyme. Use Wild thyme extracts may be taken in both as syrups and infusion. The dried leaves are used for herbal tea. It is used for many meat dishes as a spice. Besides it is used in some herbal medicine. Benefits Wild thyme has numerous benefits and it is usefull in healing a number of problems. Normally wild thyme syrup or infusions are used to heal sore throats, flu and colds, coughs, bronchitis, and chest infections. It is also used to heal gas and colic for babies. Wild thyme is antispasmodic and helps in relieving pains occurring from cramps and spasms.

26. KEREVIZ / CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS)

27. Apium graveolens is a plant commonly known as a celery. It is native to the Mediterranean region. Use Celery is most frequently prepared for cooking and salad. Benefits Celery is an excellent source of vitamin C. It helps to support the immune system. Celery is reducing high blood pressure and useful for cholesterol.It is widely used as a diuretic.

28. MERCANKOSK / MARJORAM (LAMIACEAE)

29. Marjoram is a perennial evergreen shrub, often grown as an annual with red-brown stems and gray-green, oval leaves. It is also called Sweet Marjoram or Knotted Marjoram and Majorana hortensis. Marjoram is indigenous to the Mediterranean area. Use Marjoram is an important culinary herb. It is particularly widely used in Turkish cuisine. It is the leaves that are used in cooking, and the dried herb is often more flavourful than the fresh.It is often used in fried vegetables, and grilled meat. This herb is often used in Italian as well as Greek cooking, whereas wild marjoram (O. Vulgare) is used in Mexican cooking. Benefits It is used internally for bronchial and chest complaints, tension headaches, anxiety, painful menstruation.

30. NANE / MINT (MENTHA)

31. This is a large group of well-known perennial herbs, which are widely spread over the temperate parts of the world. Mentha includes the Apple Mint, Curly Mint, Pennyroyal, Peppermint, Pineapple Mint, Spearmint and Water or Bog Mint. Use Mint is edible and Medicinal, the leaves and flowers are edible raw or cooked. They are used in salads or added to cooked foods. A medicinal herb tea made from the fresh or dried leaves has a very pleasant and refreshing taste.Peppermint has a high menthol content, and is often used as a flavouring in tea,ice cream, chewing gum and toothpaste. Peppermint can also be found in some shampoos and soaps, which give the hair a minty scent and produce a cooling sensation on the skin. Benefits Mint is originally used as a medicinal herb to treat stomach ache and chest pains, and it is commonly used in the form of tea as a home remedy to help alleviate stomach pain. Mint tea is a strong diuretic. Mint also aids digestion, in a way that it breaks down the fats. The strong, sharp flavor and scent of mint is sometimes used as a mild decongestant for illnesses such as the common cold.

32. REZENE / FENNEL (FOENICULUM VULGARE)

33. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), is a plant with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is generally considered indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean, but has become widely naturalised elsewhere. Use It is a highly aromatic and flavorful herb with culinary and medicinal uses.Fennel is commonly used in tea form. Benefits Fennel tea can be used as an eye tonic, applied directly like eyedrops or as a compress, to reduce soreness and inflammation of the eye. It can be used as a diuretic. Fennel may be a potential drug for treatment of hypertension. Syrup prepared from fennel juice is useful for chronic coughs. Fennel is improving the milk supply of a breastfeeding mother.

34. SEVKETI BOSTAN / BLESSED THISTLE (CNICUS BENEDICTUS)

35. Cnicus benedictus is native to the Mediterranean and Aegean region. Use Blessed thistle is used for cooking and salad.Benefits Traditionally blessed thistle is used as an appetite stimulant, digestion enhancement, bleeding, anorexia, blood purifier, breast milk stimulant, cancer, bile flow stimulant, colds, diuretic, liver disorders, gall bladder disorders, malaria, menstrual disorders, skin ulcers, pound healing.

36. Erol Tarakcioglu Primary School Menemen – Izmir TURKEY