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Modern America Unit 7 Modern America History 7-1
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Review: Where have we been Gilded Age Imperialism Cities Immigration Labor Unions Party Politics
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1. Gilded Age Late 19 th Century (1800s) Industrial/ Transportation growth Increased population led to more demand for goods and services Government provided aid to business Technological Innovation
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2. Cities During Gilded Age, cities grew Tenement Housing Cities were run by big City Bosses Leisure Activities – Baseball – Bicycle – Picnics – Theater
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3. Immigration Motivations: opportunity, social mobility, English speaking nation, lack of work at home Post Civil War – is America becoming the “national garbage can for the world’s refuse” The Race Issue – Xenophobia – Nativism – Racism
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Angel Island, California
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Immigration West Cost = Asian Immigration East Cost = European Immigration CALIFORNIA San Francisco passed a housing law stating that the Chinese could live in only one section of the city (overturned by 1893) Miscegenation law forbade white people from marrying “Mongolians, Negroes, or Mulattoes”
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Anti- Chinese riot, 1886
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European immigration
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Characteristics of the new European immigrants Illiterate and unskilled Kept to themselves in their own ethnic neighborhoods Retained their own cultures and religions Spoke their own languages “race Suicide” -> native Americans generally viewed the new immigrants as undesirable
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Arrivals at Ellis Island
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4. Labor Unions Late 19 th Century (1800s) National Labor Union – Formed in 1866 in Baltimore, Maryland – Believed that labor should engage in political action – Criticized the two party system for impeding labor – Racist against African-Americans – NLU declined in 1869
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Slaughter house work
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Injured Child Laborer
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American Federation of Labor Samuel Gompers founder Formed in 1886 AFL was more pragmatic than previous unions Wanted to work within the capitalist system
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MAJOR STRIKES
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Railway Strike, 1877
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Knights of Labor Strike, 1887
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Haymarket Strike and riot, 1887
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President Cleveland called in federal troops to stop the strikes
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