2. Modern World History Modern World History

3.   Industrialization: The process of going from hand- made goods to machine-made goods.  Urbanization: The process of people moving from the countryside (rural) to cities (urban). Industrialization and Urbanization:

4.   Draw a river across your paper connecting east to west, the river should be about 1 inch wide, draw a wooden bridge across the river, and draw 4 roads originating from each direction. Mark off a portion of the land in your village as the commons (land that can be used by all in the village). Round 1: Your Town in 1750

5.   Draw 10 houses, 1 church, 1 cemetery, 1 store, 1 pub, 1 coal-mine and lots of trees. Round 1: Your Town in 1750

6.   A canal is constructed in the town. It is very profitable and allows for more trade with other parts of the country and to the world. This occurs at the same time that a population explosion occurs because of the eradication of the Bubonic Plague and improved sanitation. Round 2: The Canal. 1755.

7.   Add a canal that must run parallel to the river. Build one nice home for the owner of the canal. Add 5 houses and 2 stores to your village. Round 2: The Canal. 1755.

8.   Due to inventions like the seed drill and new farming methods, like crop rotation and fertilizers, farming is more productive. Large landowners pass laws, known as the Enclosure Acts, in Parliament allowing them to buy common land and evict poor peasants. Round 3: Agricultural Revolution and the Enclosure Acts. 1765

9.   Take away half or your commons and add 5 houses and 1 more nice house. Round 3: Agricultural Revolution and the Enclosure Acts. 1765

10.   Richard Arkwright invents a machine that can spin and weave cloth 100 times faster than by hand. Since the machine was so large, it was stored in a factory. Poor families that have been kicked off their land by the Enclosure Acts move to your town. Round 4: The Water Frame. 1770.

11.   Add 1 factory. It must be placed on the river bank. This factory is smoke free. Add 5 houses, 1 church, 1 pub, and 1 store. Draw 1 additional road and 1 additional bridge. Round 4: The Water Frame. 1770.

12.   Due to the success of factories, more “capitalists” invest their money in factories. Of course, even more workers come to live in your town. Because they cannot afford houses, people build tenements, housing in which dozens of families reside under one roof. Workers work long, hard hours in the factories and need places to relax and eat, drink, and worship. Round 5: Rise of Factories, Support Services and Leisure Time. 1775

13.   Add 5 factories next to the river and 5 tenements. Add 1 store, 3 pubs, 1 church, and 1 school for the wealthy. Round 5: Rise of Factories, Support Services and Leisure Time. 1775

14.   James Watt invents the steam engine, a more efficient machine than the water loom powers machines through air pressure rather than water. Round 6: The Steam Engine- 1785

15.   Add 5 new factories with smoke anywhere in your town and add smoke to all preexisting factories. Add 2 nice homes for the owners of these new factories. Round 6: The Steam Engine- 1785

16.   Henry Cort invents the “puddling process” which allows for Coal to be used as the primary fuel in making iron. This creates a huge demand for coal. The work in the new coal-mines, however, is dangerous and unhealthy. Casualty rates, especially for children, sky rocket. Round 7: The Puddling Process and the Age of Iron. 1800

17.   Draw 1 new coal mine, an iron bridge, 2 hospitals, 2 nice houses, 2 tenements, and 2 new cemeteries. Round 7: The Puddling Process and the Age of Iron. 1800

18.   Because existing roads and canals cannot accommodate the heavy industrial traffic, new experiments in transportation lead to the invention of a steam engine that pulls a series of wagons or cars on an iron track (The Railroad). This transportation revolution allows more workers to come to your city, creating a surplus of workers. Capitalists now begin hiring women and children over men because they can pay them less. Depressed, ashamed and angry, men turn to alcohol at alarming rates. Round 8: Railroads- 1830

19.   Add a railroad station with tracks that run parallel the river. Add 1 major railroad line connecting every factory to your coal-mining region. Draw 1 jail and 2 pubs. Round 8: Railroads- 1830

20.   With no government regulations or laws protecting workers, conditions in factories become increasingly dangerous and unhealthy. Cancer is first diagnosed and a variety of lung ailments increase. Owners are unwilling to help workers because it is easy to find replacements. A fire destroys two tenements, one factory, and a nice house. Round 9: Factory Conditions 1835

21.   Add 1 police station, 1 fire station, 2 hospitals and 1 more cemetery. Place gas lamps on the streets surrounding the railroad station. Round 9: Factory Conditions 1835

22.   Due to a devastating potato famine, hundreds of thousands of Irish move to England. Therefore, wages again fall and it is harder to find a job. Round 10: The Irish Potato Famine 1840

23.   Add 20 houses, 5 tenements, 1 church, 5 factories, 1 pub and 1 nice house. Round 10: The Irish Potato Famine 1840

24.   The wealthy have excess cash and time to delve into cultural activities. Museums, theaters, operas, restaurants, and concerts are made available.  For the poor, however, the pollution of the river has led to an outbreak of cancer. The average life expectancy drops to 30, there is lots of noise, no privacy, and suicide rates double, then triple. Round 11: The Great Divide: Owners v. Workers. 1845.

25.   Add 2 theaters and 2 private schools. Add 1 cemetery, 1 jail, and 1 hospital. Round 11: The Great Divide: Owners v. Workers. 1845.

26.   Growth of the Middle Class  Skilled workers, professionals, business people, wealthy farmers  High Demand for Carpenters, Machinists, Metal Workers  Increase in wealth of factory owners and bankers  Disparity in the Working Class  Replaced by machinery  Luddites: group of people whom attacked labor saving machinery (1811)  Riots formed outside factories Effects of Industrialization

27.   Created Jobs  Fostered technological progress/ innovation  Increased production of goods  Raised standard of living (Middle Class)  Eventually led to:  Limits on Child Labor  Healthier diets, better housing, cheap clothing  Expansion in education (new jobs—clerical, professional)  Organization in Unions  higher wages, shorter work hours, better working conditions Positive Effects of Industrial Revolution (Long Term)

28.  Mass Production

29.  Interchangeable Parts

30.  Steam Engine