1. Oh no! Bed Bugs! Bed Bug Basics for Residents Pennsylvania Integrated Pest Management Program 215-264-0582 Email: pscip@psu.edu Website: www.paipm.org

2. Philadelphia’s Bed Bugs (Mabud et al 2014)

3. I am not a lawyer! This is not legal advice Do not call me with legal questions! Consult a lawyer before taking actions that might put you in legal jeopardy! TURN: Tenant Union Representative Network (215) 940-3900 Disclaimer PA IPM3

4. Bed bugs - Don’t Panic!! Bed bugs can be avoided and controlled! Every skin irritation or bite does is not bed bugs! You can see them. They do not cause or spread diseases. Simple heat and/or steam can kill them. Communication and action are the keys to control 5/3/20114

5. Bedbugs Identify properly – don’t assume! – Bat bugs & swallow bugs – Cockroaches, ticks & lice, oh my! Life cycle – Nymph to adult – must feed – Poppy to apple-seed size – 6-12 eggs laid @ 2-3 days – Eggs resistant 5/3/20115

6. How & why Bed bugs spread Sex (theirs, not ours!) Over the counter chemicals Hitchhiking Used mattresses & furniture By visitors Even by pest control technicians, or by agency staff! Reports are now stable 5/3/20116

7. Community Bed Bug Response Children HomeSchoolWorkOther

8. Misconceptions You only get bed bugs because you are “dirty” –False: But can be affected by clutter “Bed bugs only affect the poor” –False: They often infest poor housing 8PA IPM

9. Misconceptions “Certain races are more willing to live with bed bugs” False! –High infestations in transient or overpopulated residences –Constant flow of people in and out –Undocumented aliens: Not more likely to have bedbugs due to race, ethnicity, or nationality. –More afraid of deportation, eviction, or police. Dini Miller, VT 9PA IPM

10. First signs… (Find out how many and where they are) Bed bug bites on a woman’s leg. Photo from www.bedbugger.com. 10PA IPM

11. Signs of Bed Bugs Photos: Louis N. Sorkin, B.C.E., Entsult Associates, Inc.

12. Photos: Louis N. Sorkin, B.C.E., Entsult Associates, Inc.

13. Rows of Bites

14. Why Bites are in Rows Source: Phil Kohler, University of Florida

15. Organisms commonly mistaken for bed bugs by residents. Misidentification 15PA IPM

16. Don’t use aerosols or foggers! Spray cans “Total Release Foggers” Doesn’t kill bed bugs Many bugs resistant to the fogger chemicals Does not penetrate well Creates toxic fog Leaves poison residues You soak it up! 16PA IPM

17. Other things that don’t work (or are too dangerous): Bed legs in kerosene or gasoline Spraying kerosene on bugs or belongings Spraying rubbing alcohol Thyme oil, other home remedies Abandoning the area for a period of time Turning up the heat (use a professional for heat) Leaving the lights on – hungry bugs will feed anyway Using insect repellent Discarding old and buying new furniture Wrapping items in plastic and placing in the sun Vacuuming only, insecticide only 17PA IPM

18. Bedbugs - Control Early Detection is key! Exclusion – Clutter elimination – bins – Inspection Preparation – Wash bedding – Seal mattress – encasements NO pesticide on mattresses! Traps – Climb-up – Make the bed an island! – Monitor – Prevention 5/3/201118

19. Not all covers protect 19PA IPM Where the zipper closes and the zipper teeth are vulnerable to bed bug escape

20. Climb-Up Interceptors Photo: Changlu Wang, Rutgers Installed… After 2 weeks!…

21. Bed bug - Treatment Inspection – Cracks & crevice Vacuum Heat or cold Pesticides by PCO only – Dusts – Crack & crevice treatment – Don’t treat mattresses! Re-inspection & retreatment Encasements & interceptors 5/3/201121

22. Temperature Effects Affects all bugs at all life stages & their eggs! Below ~55˚F (~12˚C) Development stops Bugs thrive at temps of ~68˚F – 80˚F (20-27 Bugs thrive at temps of ~68˚F – 80˚F (20-27˚C) Above ~99˚F (37 Development stops Above ~99˚F (37˚C) Development stops Die at Temps greater than 118˚F (48.3˚C) Optimal Heat Control Temperatures 120˚F (50˚C) ~ 145˚F (63˚C) Not above 165˚F (74˚C) Clothes dryer: 30 min Whole room: 72 min Cold: 4 days at <5 ˚F (-13 ˚C) 22 (Kells & Goblirsch 2011)

23. Choosing a pest control company Ask for references from bed bug customers Don’t go low-bid! Ask to see their license Pest management program should be multidimensional Inspection based Doesn’t rely on pesticides Should educate the residents Will provide call-backs (3 min.) 23PA IPM Scout, NYC

24. Community Bed Bug Response Team Resident educators, trained Trained maintenance people – inst. & private Engaged pest management professionals Community sponsor & switchboard Trainers & consultants - us! Children HomeSchoolWorkOther

25. Provide encasements for mattresses & box springs Use interceptors under bed legs Provide information to tenants Train maintenance staff in bed bug identification and simple inspection Inspect periodically Consider using a canine periodically Early detection programs PA IPM25 Interceptors installed under bed & chair legs Photo: Canglu Wang

26. The take home message.. It takes a village to control bed bugs! 26PA IPM

27. Pennsylvania Integrated Pest Management Program Penn State University/Extension Dion Lerman, Healthy Homes Specialist Penn State Center 675 Sansom Street 19106Philadelphia, PA 215-264-0582 dlerman@psu.edu http://www.paipm.org

29. A clean, safe place to live, in compliance with the warranty of habitability. This includes: a structurally sound building, with waterproof roofs, ceilings and walls walls and woodwork properly painted (no peeling-off paint) adequate heat in winter hot and cold running water bathroom equipment and drains that work properly functioning stove doors that lock properly windows that work and can be locked apartment/house free from infestation… a building with smoke detectors, fire extinguishers and fire escapes, in compliance with the local Fire Code http://www.business-services.upenn.edu/offcampusservices/?p=landlord_tenant_101/rights_and_responsibilities#basic_tenants_rights Tenant Rights 29

30. So - who’s responsible? Landlords! Implied warranty of habitability Illegal lease provisions cannot be enforced – Lease still valid – you must still pay rent! Unwaivable rights: – Repairs – Pest control 30

31. Respond to BB w/in 24 hr Complete inspections w/in 3 days – All adjacent units – HUD funds available to PHA – no cost to tenant! Complete IPM Plan Treat using multiple methods; do not rely on pesticides Provide non-chemical follow-up to prevent reinfestations Tenants may not be denied leases, evicted or retaliated against because of Bed bugs HUD Guidelines (August 2011) PA IPM31

32. Not passed yet! Pennsylvania SB 1493 (2010) - Relates to bedbug eradication; providing for duty to eradicate, for notification, for administration and enforcement by local boards or departments of health, for inspections, for duties of the Department of Agriculture and for informational brochures; and imposing a civil penalty New Bed bug laws… PA IPM32

33. Pay rent! – Legal obligation – or face eviction! Remedies: – Notify landlord in writing! – Take pictures! – Pay & Deduct – Withhold rent into escrow (not into your bank account!) Consult TURN! – Tenant Union Representative Network (215) 940-3900 Tenants responsibility PA IPM33

34. Learn to identify bedbugs Put mattress encasements on all beds and box springs Use interceptors under the legs of beds and other furniture Notify your landlord as soon as you suspect bed bugs Action steps PA IPM34 http://extension.psu.edu/bedbugs/about/bedbug-2.pdf/view

35. PA IPM Program – www.extension.psu.edu/ipm IPM in Multifamily Housing Workshop – www.StopPests.org National Center for Healthy Housing – www.nchh.org/Training/National-Healthy-Homes-Training-Center.aspx Dini M. Miller, Ph.D., Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech – www.vdacs.virginia.gov/pesticides/bedbugs.shtml Northeastern IPM Center – www.neipmc.org/ Rutgers University – njaes.rutgers.edu/pubs/publication.asp?pid=FS1098 NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene – www.nyc.gov/html/doh/html/vector/vector-faq1.shtml Resources 35PA IPM