3. Sex D_______________ In humans what _______________ makes you male or ______________????

4. G____________ is determined by your __________________________ females  _____ males  _______ malefemale What can you notice about the ____________________ between the X and Y chromosomes?

5. What can you notice about the difference between the ______and _____chromosomes? --____chromosome is much ___________ --The Y chromosome carries the ________ gene. This gene is called the “_________ _________________________” because it causes _________ sex ____________ to develop. SRY

6. The possible ____________ for _________________ are XX or XY. –That amounts to ____ Xs and ____Y. –Why then aren’t there ________ f__________ than males in the world? Complete the Punnett square Results: Each mating there is a ____% chance female and ____% chance male

7. H_________ G_______ D_____________

8. ________ that control human traits can be altered (___________) and then be _________ by offspring

9. Definition= a _________ in DNA ___________ that affects genetic info ________ ways mutations can occur: –1. Can involve an entire chromosome –2. Can involve a small piece of __________

10. KEY = The _______ of some _________ are genetic _______

11. How are disorders passed or ________________? ***_____ main ways***

12. 1 2. 3. 4.

13. The problem trait is controlled by a ___________ _____ and can be passed in a _________/_________ manner. Examples are… 1.A__________ (D) 2. A______ (R) 3. Cataracts (D)4.Polydactyly (D) 5. S______________(R)CataractsPolydactyly

14.  These disorders result from __________ in __________ genes  ____________ to study and treat  E____________ factors can also affect the _________/______ of these disorders

15. Examples of multi factor ial disorders: 1.Hypothyroidism 2.A_____________ disease 3.Colon cancer

16. 3. C____________ A_____________ In these disorders ______ ______________ or large __________ of chromosomes are _______, duplicated, or otherwise ___________.

17. Chromosomal Abnormality (cont.) Scientists can use __________ to identify disorders caused by chromosomal abnormalities. Example of a _____________human _________ karyotype: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/disorders/karyotype/karyotype.cfm

18. __________ of a chromosome to _____________from its homologue during meiosis One __________ receives an ______ copy of a chromosome and the other gamete lacks the chromosome entirely Ways Chromosomal Abnormality occur... (a) = disorders due to

19. Nondisjunction

20. Ex. Down Syndrome is caused by three copies of chromosome # 21

21. ______________ Ways Chromosomal Abnormality occur... (b) = disorders due to

22. ________________ Ways Chromosomal Abnormality occur... (c) = disorders due to

23. ____________ Ways Chromosomal Abnormality occur... (d) = disorders due to

24. _________________ Ways Chromosomal Abnormality occur... (e) = disorders due to

25. Disorders in which the _________ or errors are in Genes found on the _______ chromosome Examples are… 1. H____________ 2. Muscular Dystrophy 3. C_______________

26. ___________ Genetic disorders in __________ It is __________ to use humans as ______ subjects (plus it would take ________to get the results), one of the best ways to _______ human patterns of inheritance is to use... P________________ = a ______ which shows the __________ within a family